Resveratrol Inhibits Nucleosome Binding and Catalytic Activity of PARP1.

The natural polyphenol resveratrol is a biologically active compound that interacts with DNA and affects the activity of some nuclear enzymes. Its effect on the interaction between nucleosomes and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) and on the catalytic activity of PARP1 was studied using Western blotting, spectrophotometry, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, and single particle Förster resonance energy transfer microscopy. Resveratrol inhibited PARP1 activity at micro- and sub-micromolar concentrations, but the inhibitory effect decreased at higher concentrations due to the aggregation of the polyphenol.

Unpacking unstructured data: A pilot study on extracting insights from neuropathological reports of Parkinson's Disease patients using large language models.

The aim of this study was to make unstructured neuropathological data, located in the NeuroBioBank (NBB), follow Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability principles and investigate the potential of large language models (LLMs) in wrangling unstructured neuropathological reports. By making the currently inconsistent and disparate data findable, our overarching goal was to enhance research output and speed. The NBB catalog currently includes information from medical records, interview results, and neuropathological reports.

Two-parameter landscape of transport efficiency in mesoscopic networks: transitions from the Braess to normal regimes without a congestion relaxation.

This paper deals with the Braess paradox in quantum transport. The scattering matrix formalism is used to consider a two-parameter family of mesoscopic conductors with the topology of the classical Braess transport network. The study investigates the mutual influence of the congestion and smoothness of the system on the Braess behavior.

Different requirements of functional telomeres in neural stem cells and terminally differentiated neurons.

Telomeres have been studied extensively in peripheral tissues, but their relevance in the nervous system remains poorly understood. Here, we examine the roles of telomeres at distinct stages of murine brain development by using lineage-specific genetic ablation of TRF2, an essential component of the shelterin complex that protects chromosome ends from the DNA damage response machinery. We found that functional telomeres are required for embryonic and adult neurogenesis, but their uncapping has surprisingly no detectable consequences on terminally differentiated neurons.

Express detection of nonylphenol in water samples by fluorescence polarization immunoassay.

The development of express method for detection of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDC) such as alkylphenols is required for ecological monitoring. Several attempts have been made to produce antibodies against 4-nonylphenol (NP) in recent years. This work describes the production of new antibodies against NP and also summarizes the characterization of antibodies obtained earlier.

Microfluidic enzyme immunoassay using silicon microchip with immobilized antibodies and chemiluminescence detection.

Silicon microchips with immobilized antibodies were used to develop microfluidic enzyme immunoassays using chemiluminescence detection and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as the enzyme label. Polyclonal anti-atrazine antibodies were coupled to the silicon microchip surface with an overall dimension of 13.1 x 3.

[Effect of internal sequences in the Moloney murine leukemia virus genome on replication].

Construction and using of retrovirus vectors derived from the Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMuLV) are described. These vectors, designated minimal vectors, contain the left and right long terminal repeats (LTRs), a binding site for proline tRNA, a polypurine tract (PPT), and a dominant marker for selective introduction of vectors into a packaging cell line, but lack the internal sequences of the virus genome. The experiments showed that the minimal vectors can be replicated and that their titer was approximately 1500-fold lower than that of wild-type vectors.

[The standardization of the methods for assessing the immunogenic activity of all of the components of an adsorbed DTP vaccine].

The reproducibility of laboratory methods, recommended by WHO and used by manufacturing and control institutions of most countries for the evaluation of the immunogenic potency of the pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus components of adsorbed DPT vaccine in the process of its production, was studied. This immunogenic potency was experimentally studied in comparison with the immunogenic potency of national standard samples from Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Russia. The results of this study indicated that the coded commercial lots of adsorbed DPT vaccine corresponded to WHO requirements with respect to the immunogenic potency of all their components.

[Relationship between glucose utilization by tissues and residual insulin secretion and their role in the genesis of hyperglycemia in type I diabetes mellitus].

Altogether 67 patients aged 16 to 50 suffering from insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of various duration were investigated to study the effect of peripheral sensitivity to insulin on genesis to hyperglycemia in type I diabetes mellitus. Residual beta-cell insulin secretory function was assessed by the level of C-peptide in a standard food test, and the rate of glucose utilization by tissues was studied by the clamp-method under the conditions of normoglycemia. The results obtained indicate the role of a decrease in peripheral sensitivity to insulin in genesis of hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus, type I, and the presence of reciprocal interactions between glucose utilization and insulin secretion in IDDM patients and in controls.

[Expert research on sera yielding false-positive results for HIV antibodies during screening].

The significance of different serological methods and assay systems for the verification of false positive cases of HIV infection has been analyzed on the basis of materials obtained in arbitration studies. As demonstrated by this analysis, the use of such highly specific and sensitive systems as Huma-Lab, Enzygnost, Serodia and Erythrorecombinant has made it possible to obtain a reliable result as early as at the first stage of expert diagnosis in the enzyme immunoassay and the agglutination test. The methods of radioimmunoprecipitation and indirect immunofluorescence have permitted a more precise differentiation of doubtful results than that achieved by immune blotting.

[The vaccination of children with allergic diseases with reduced doses of adsorbed DT-m anatoxin].

During a remission and drug therapy, 71 children suffering from allergic diseases were vaccinated with DT-M toxoid containing different dose of diphtheria (1, 2.5, 5 LF) and tetanus (1, 2.5, 5 EC) antigens.

[The carbohydrate metabolic characteristics of patients with diffuse toxic goiter proceeding with an increase in body weight].

Altogether 10 patients (aged 15 to 18) with Basedow's disease, accompanied by a growing body mass were investigated before operation and 5 patients 6 mos. after subtotal strumectomy. Ten patients with Basedow's diseases without body mass increment were taken as controls.

[The use of pharmacological screening for characterizing the toxicity of pertussis vaccines].

The influence of pertussis preparations, introduced by oral and parenteral routes, on the detoxifying function of the liver and the state of the nervous system of the animals was studied by methods used in pharmacology and toxicology. The use of these methods made it possible to find out side effects produced by corpuscular pertussis vaccine, introduced parenterally, on the detoxifying function of the liver and the state of the nervous system of the animals. The negative influence on the nervous system was more pronounced after the injection of the commercial adsorbed diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccine used in this investigation than after the injection of pertussis monovaccine.

[The immunological effectiveness of small doses of diphtheria and tetanus anatoxins in the revaccination of children with allergy-altered reactivity and adults].

The possibility of decreasing the content of antigens in adsorbed diphtheria-tetanus toxoid, used for the booster immunization of children with allergically altered responsiveness and adults, is shown. Diphtheria toxoid in doses of 1-2.5 Lf and tetanus toxoid in doses of 1-2.

[The importance of food and drug plant factors in the combined treatment of patients with type-II diabetes mellitus].

A study was made of the effect of natural (vegetable dish) and refined (food methylcellulose--MC-100 and citrus pectin) vegetable fibers and Arfazetin (antidiabetic species, USSR) on the level of glucose, immunoreactive insulin (IRI), C-peptide, glucagon and gastrin in the blood of 41 patients with type II diabetes mellitus. These parameters were investigated on an empty stomach, 1, 2 and 4 h after breakfast I with a standard set of foodstuffs and minimum content of nutritive fibers. Similar investigations were conducted after intake of the same breakfast I in combination with various vegetable components.

[The insulin and proinsulin levels in patients with newly detected diabetes mellitus].

Total immunoreactive insulin (IRI), proinsulin-like component, IRI, C-peptide and glucagon were determined in patients with newly detected diabetes mellitus and in healthy subjects on an empty stomach and after food testing. The results obtained have shown that a study of the serum total IRI composition combined with C-peptide determination during food testing can be used as a diagnostic test to define a type of diabetes mellitus.

[Use of adsorbed diphtheria-tetanus (DT) toxoid containing different doses of antigens in booster immunizations of children].

To decrease the antigenic load in booster immunizations of children against diphtheria and tetanus, the immunological effectiveness and reactogenicity of different doses of both antigens (i. e 1 Lf and 1 BU; 2.5 Lf and 2.