The Association Between Perinatal Pharmacologic Treatments and Spontaneous Intestinal Perforation in Extremely Preterm Infants: A Propensity Score Matching Study.

: The impact of perinatal pharmacologic agents on spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) in extremely low-birthweight (ELBW, <1000 g) preterm infants remains inconclusive based on findings from retrospective cohort or case-control studies. This study aims to address this uncertainty by using propensity score matching (PSM) to reduce bias. : We retrospectively reviewed ELBW infants in our unit between 2014 and 2023 to identify SIP cases.