Experimental Assessment of Hemp Shiv and Green Adhesives to Produce a Biocomposite Material.

This study investigated the utilization of innovative green composites made from hemp shiv, a waste by-product of hemp cultivation, with the aim of promoting sustainability within the construction industry. The manufacturing method involved the application of pressure in a mold to create the samples. These materials were produced using an environmentally friendly binder consisting of colophony, arabic gum, and corn starch.

Applications and Properties of Hemp Stalk-Based Insulating Biomaterials for Buildings: Review.

There has been increasing interest in green and recyclable materials to promote the circular economy. Moreover, the climate change of the last decades has led to an increase in the range of temperatures and energy consumption, which entails more energy expenditure for heating and cooling buildings. In this review, the properties of hemp stalk as an insulating material are analyzed to obtain recyclable materials with green solutions to reduce energy consumption and reduce noise to increase the comfort of buildings.

Characterizing the Structural Behavior of FRP Profiles-FRCM Hybrid Superficial Elements: Experimental and Numerical Studies.

Composite materials have been increasingly used to produce hybrid structures together with concrete. This system is commonly applied to bridges and roof structures. The main idea of the current research was to extend this approach by replacing the concrete with a fabric-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) composite, resulting in a combination of composite materials.

Experimental and Numerical Study of Adhesively and Bolted Connections of Pultruded GFRP I-Shape Profiles.

Recent developments indicate that the application of pultruded FRP profiles has been continuously growing in the construction industry. Generating more complex structures composed of pultruded FRP profiles requires joining them. In particular, I-shape glass fiber pultruded profiles are commonly used and the possible joints to connect them should be specifically studied.

Experimental and Numerical Study of Shear Interface Response of Hybrid Thin CFRP-Concrete Slabs.

Hybrid slabs made of carbon-fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) and concrete provide a solution that takes advantage of the strength properties of both materials. The performance of the system strongly depends on the CFRP-concrete interaction. This study investigates the shear behavior in the interface of the two materials.

Flexible Fiber Fabric for FRP-Concrete Connection of Thin Hybrid Slabs.

In order to combat corrosion issues, several studies on progressively replacing steel reinforcement elements with composite ones have been conducted in recent years. Hybrid steel-concrete thin slabs in which the steel acts as formwork are also candidates for update in the coming years. Achieving a reliable connection between fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) and cast-in-place concrete is key to promoting this technology.

Analytical Approach and Numerical Simulation of Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with Different FRCM Systems.

Fabric-reinforced cementitious matrices (FRCMs) are a novel composite material for strengthening structures. Fabric contributes to tying cross-sections under tensile stress. The complexity of the interfaces between the fabric and the matrix does not allow having a simple and accurate model that enables practitioners to perform feasible calculations.

Comparative 3D analyses and palaeoecology of giant early amphibians (Temnospondyli: Stereospondyli).

Macroevolutionary, palaeoecological and biomechanical analyses in deep time offer the possibility to decipher the structural constraints, ecomorphological patterns and evolutionary history of extinct groups. Here, 3D comparative biomechanical analyses of the extinct giant early amphibian group of stereospondyls together with living lissamphibians and crocodiles, shows that: i) stereospondyls had peculiar palaeoecological niches with proper bites and stress patterns very different than those of giant salamanders and crocodiles; ii) their extinction may be correlated with the appearance of neosuchians, which display morphofunctional innovations. Stereospondyls weathered the end-Permian mass extinction, re-radiated, acquired gigantic sizes and dominated (semi) aquatic ecosystems during the Triassic.

3D computational mechanics elucidate the evolutionary implications of orbit position and size diversity of early amphibians.

For the first time in vertebrate palaeontology, the potential of joining Finite Element Analysis (FEA) and Parametrical Analysis (PA) is used to shed new light on two different cranial parameters from the orbits to evaluate their biomechanical role and evolutionary patterns. The early tetrapod group of Stereospondyls, one of the largest groups of Temnospondyls is used as a case study because its orbits position and size vary hugely within the members of this group. An adult skull of Edingerella madagascariensis was analysed using two different cases of boundary and loading conditions in order to quantify stress and deformation response under a bilateral bite and during skull raising.

3D bite modeling and feeding mechanics of the largest living amphibian, the Chinese giant salamander Andrias davidianus (Amphibia:Urodela).

Biting is an integral feature of the feeding mechanism for aquatic and terrestrial salamanders to capture, fix or immobilize elusive or struggling prey. However, little information is available on how it works and the functional implications of this biting system in amphibians although such approaches might be essential to understand feeding systems performed by early tetrapods. Herein, the skull biomechanics of the Chinese giant salamander, Andrias davidianus is investigated using 3D finite element analysis.

Finite element comparison of 10 orthodontic microscrews with different cortical bone parameters.

Purpose: Unlike standard dental implants, the stabilization of orthodontic microscrews removed after treatment is done without osseointegration and achieved by several components: cortical bone thickness (CBT), microscrew geometry, and drilling depth. The purpose of this study was to evaluate 10 different microscrews and the influence of their geometric parameters with different CBT and drilling depths.

Materials And Methods: The influence of geometric parameters in cortical bone was analyzed with a series of computational simulations with finite element models to obtain von Mises stresses and deformations in the microscrew when loaded with a perpendicular traction force of 1 N and considering the angle of incidence as a random parameter.

Skull mechanics and the evolutionary patterns of the otic notch closure in capitosaurs (Amphibia: Temnospondyli).

Capitosaurs were among the largest amphibians that have ever lived. Their members displayed an amphibious lifestyle. We provide new information on functional morphology data, using finite element analysis (FEA) which has palaeoecological implications for the group.