Aerosolic Application of Phages Against on Plates and Chicken Skin.

Phages are known as a promising method to combat antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the human and veterinary sector. Use of phage aerosols enormously increases the application field, although the impact on the infectivity of phages during nebulization needs to be evaluated. In this study was treated on plates and chicken skin with nebulized phage particles of the type, identified by transmission electron microscopy, using a commercial nebulizer primarily used for HO disinfection.

A guide to outcome evaluation of simulation-based education programmes in low and middle-income countries.

Evaluation is a vital part of any learning activity and is essential to optimize and improve educational programmes. It should be considered and prioritized prior to the implementation of any learning activity. However, comprehensive programme evaluation is rarely conducted, and there are numerous barriers to high-quality evaluation.

A Bi-national Needs Assessment to Identify and Prioritise Procedures in Paediatric Surgery for Simulation-based Training.

Background: Simulation-based education (SBE) has led to significant changes in healthcare education. However, SBE has often been based on available resources and local expertise rather than a systematic approach to curriculum development. The aim of this study was to perform a bi-national needs assessment to identify and prioritise procedures in a paediatric surgery curriculum that can be supported using SBE.

Long-Term Impact of a Low-Cost Paediatric Intussusception Air Enema Reduction Simulation-Based Education Programme in a Low-Middle Income Country.

Introduction: Intussusception is one of the commonest causes of bowel obstruction in infants. Most infants in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs) undergo an invasive operative intervention. Supported by simulation-based education (SBE), the Air Enema (AE) non-operative technique was introduced in 2016 in Myanmar.

Management of thoracic empyema in children: a survey of the Australia and New Zealand Association of Paediatric Surgeons (ANZAPS).

Purpose: To define the spectrum of management for thoracic empyema in children in Australia and New Zealand.

Methods: Online survey of members of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Paediatric Surgeons (ANZAPS), limited to consultant/attending paediatric surgeons.

Results: A total of 54/80 (67.

Overview of a novel paediatric surgical simulation-based medical education programme in Myanmar.

Background: Simulation-based medical education (SBME) is an integral part of undergraduate and postgraduate training in high-income countries (HICs). Despite potential benefits to low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), it has not been widely applied. Our aim was to use SBME to address some essential paediatric surgery learning needs in a LMIC.

Simulated participant methodology in paediatric surgical training: Exploring contemporary practices.

Surgical training is long and complex. At the core of clinical practice is communication. Voice is central to relationships of care.

A novel quantitative metric for joint space width: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative (OAI).

Objective: Joint space width (JSW) has been the gold standard to assess loss of cartilage in knee osteoarthritis (OA). Here we describe a novel quantitative measure of joint space width: standardized JSW (stdJSW). We assess the performance of this quantitative metric for JSW at tracking Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) joint space narrowing grade (JSN) changes and provide reference values for different JSN grades and their annual change.

Automated Knee Osteoarthritis Assessment Increases Physicians' Agreement Rate and Accuracy: Data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative.

. To assess the impact of a computerized system on physicians' accuracy and agreement rate, as compared with unaided diagnosis. .

Evaluation of a novel low-cost laparoscopic training model for core laparoscopic skills.

Unlabelled: The study involves the testing of a novel laparoscopic training model by surgeons of various levels of experience.

Background: There has been an increasing requirement for low-cost simulation. Our aim was to evaluate the construct validity of a low-cost model for teaching core laparoscopic skills.

Clinical Impact of the Introduction of Pediatric Intussusception Air Enema Reduction Technology in a Low- to Middle-Income Country Using Low-Cost Simulation-Based Medical Education.

Introduction: Pediatric intussusception is a common cause of bowel obstruction in infants. Air enema (AE) reduction is routine first-line management in many countries; however, there is a high rate of operative intervention in low- and middle-income countries. The aims of the study were to use simulation-based medical education with an intussusception simulator to introduce AE reduction to Myanmar and to assess its effect on provider behaviors and the resulting clinical care.

Assessing the effects of long-term osteoporosis treatment by using conventional spine radiographs: results from a pilot study in a sub-cohort of a large randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical applicability of a software tool developed to extract bone textural information from conventional lumbar spine radiographs, and to test it in a subset of postmenopausal women treated for osteoporosis with the fully human monoclonal antibody denosumab.

Methods: The software was developed based on the principles of a fractal model using pixel grey-level variations together with a specific machine-learning algorithm. The obtained dimensionless parameter, termed bone structure value (BSV), was then tested and compared to bone mineral density (BMD) in a sub-cohort of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis who were treated with the monoclonal antibody denosumab, within the framework of a large randomized controlled trial and its open-label extension phase.

Circumcision in the paediatric patient: A review of indications, technique and complications.

Circumcision is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures in the world. Despite this, the practice of paediatric circumcision remains highly controversial, and continues to generate ongoing debate. This debate has become more relevant recently with the provisional guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommending a change of practice.

The laparoscopic inguinal and diaphragmatic defect (LIDD) model: a validation study of a novel box trainer model.

Background: Paediatric laparoscopic procedures are now becoming routine practice. Therefore, there is a need for simulated laparoscopic models to acquire part-procedural competency prior to direct patient contact in a safe learning environment. For this reason, we chose two paediatric conditions; inguinal hernia (IH) and congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), which were combined to create the laparoscopic inguinal and diaphragmatic defect (LIDD) model.

Acute pancreatitis complicating choledochal cysts in children.

Aim: To analyse the characteristics of patients with choledochal cysts presenting with acute pancreatitis.

Methods: Multicenter retrospective review of all paediatric patients (<18 years) with choledochal cysts managed over a 14-year period (2001-2014) at two tertiary paediatric surgical centres. Patient data were analysed for demographics, presentation, radiological classification of cyst type (Todani), operative interventions, complications and long-term follow-up.