A Biochemical and Histological Assessment of Postmortem Changes to the Eyes of Domestic Pigs: A Preliminary Study.

The Postmortem Interval (PMI) is the time from the death of an animal to its discovery. From a veterinary forensic standpoint, an accurate estimation of the PMI is of particular importance, especially with the observed increase in deaths of domestic and wild animals. A preliminary study was conducted using the eyes of domestic pigs.

Changes in Acute Phase Response Biomarkers in Racing Endurance Horses.

This study aimed to evaluate if exercise-induced acute phase response (APR) occurs in endurance horses in response to the race. The study included 23 horses competing in an endurance competition with a successfully passed clinical examination before the race. Blood samples were collected before the start and within 30 min after the end of the race.

Integrated Metabolomics and Proteomics Dynamics of Serum Samples Reveals Dietary Zeolite Clinoptilolite Supplementation Restores Energy Balance in High Yielding Dairy Cows.

Dairy cows can suffer from a negative energy balance (NEB) during their transition from the dry period to early lactation, which can increase the risk of postpartum diseases such as clinical ketosis, mastitis, and fatty liver. Zeolite clinoptilolite (CPL), due to its ion-exchange property, has often been used to treat NEB in animals. However, limited information is available on the dynamics of global metabolomics and proteomic profiles in serum that could provide a better understanding of the associated altered biological pathways in response to CPL.

Differential acute-phase protein responses in dogs seropositive or seronegative for Neospora caninum.

Neospora caninum is one of the most prevalent Apicomplexa parasites that causes abortion in cattle, as it infects dogs as its definitive host, causing subclinical disease or active neosporosis, marked by meningoencephalitis, and myopathies with muscle and neuromuscular signs of disease. This study aimed to evaluate the acute phase protein response in dogs seropositive and seronegative for N. caninum.

Milk and serum proteomes in subclinical and clinical mastitis in Simmental cows.

Bovine mastitis causes changes in the milk and serum proteomes. Here changes in both proteomes caused by naturally occurring subclinical and clinical mastitis have been characterised and quantified. Milk and serum samples from healthy dairy cows (n = 10) were compared to those of cows with subclinical (n = 12) and clinical mastitis (n = 10) using tandem mass tag (TMT) proteomics.

Influence of medical domain knowledge on deep learning for Alzheimer's disease prediction.

Background And Objective: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia that can seriously affect a person's ability to perform daily activities. Estimates indicate that AD may rank third as a cause of death for older people, after heart disease and cancer. Identification of individuals at risk for developing AD is imperative for testing therapeutic interventions.

Predicting complications of diabetes mellitus using advanced machine learning algorithms.

Objective: We sought to predict if patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) would develop 10 selected complications. Accurate prediction of complications could help with more targeted measures that would prevent or slow down their development.

Materials And Methods: Experiments were conducted on the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Databases of California for the period of 2003 to 2011.

Effects of in-feed clinoptilolite treatment on serum metabolic and antioxidative biomarkers and acute phase response in dairy cows during pregnancy and early lactation.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of in-feed clinoptilolite (CPL) on serum metabolic and antioxidative biomarkers, acute phase proteins and reproductive performance in cows during pregnancy and lactation. A total of 78 Holstein-Friesian cows were randomly assigned into two groups: the treatment group, cows fed CPL (n = 38) which received 50 g of powdered CPL twice a day from day 180 before parturition to day 60 postpartum; and the control group (n = 40). Blood samples were taken on days 180, 90, 60, 30 and 10 before parturition, on day of calving and on days 5, 12, 19, 26, 33, 40 and 60 postpartum, and were analysed for metabolic biomarkers: glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, non-esterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), antioxidative biomarkers and acute phase proteins: paraoxonase-1 (PON1), apolipoprotein A-I, haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA).

Social network analysis for better understanding of influenza.

Introduction: The objective of this study is to improve the understanding of spatial spreading of complicated cases of influenza that required hospitalizations, by creating heatmaps and social networks. They will allow to identify critical hubs and routes of spreading of Influenza, in specific geographic locations, in order to contain infections and prevent complications, that require hospitalizations.

Material And Methods: Data were downloaded from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) - SID, New York State database.

European dog owner perceptions of obesity and factors associated with human and canine obesity.

Obesity is a common nutrition-related disorder leading to reduced life expectancy in both humans and dogs. With the aim of identifying new prevention and control options, the study objectives were (1) to investigate dog-owner perceptions about obesity in terms of themselves and their dogs, and (2) to identify factors associated with obesity and possible social, environmental and economic drivers for its development in dog owners and their pets. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was performed across multiple countries.

Obese dogs with and without obesity-related metabolic dysfunction - a proteomic approach.

Background: Approximately 20 % of obese dogs have metabolic disturbances similar to those observed in human metabolic syndrome, a condition known as obesity-related metabolic dysfunction. This condition is associated with insulin resistance and decreased circulating adiponectin concentrations, but clinical consequences have not been reported. In order to define better the metabolic changes associated with obesity-related metabolic dysfunction (ORMD), we compared the plasma proteomes of obese dogs with and without ORMD.

Supplementation with imuno-2865® in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758): Effects on hematological and antioxidant parameters.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of IMUNO-2865(®) on hematological and antioxidative parameters in sea bream. Total of 640 sea bream were fed with diets containing 0 (Group 1), 1 (Group 2), 10 (Group 3) and 25 (Group 4) g of IMUNO-2865(®) kg(-1) feed during 90 days. Samples were taken each month and three months after the supplementation.

Effect of selenium pre-treatment on antioxidative enzymes and lipid peroxidation in Cd-exposed suckling rats.

Since there are no data about the protective role of selenium (Se) against cadmium (Cd)-induced oxidative damage in early life, we studied the effect of Se supplementation on antioxidative enzyme activity and lipid peroxidation (through thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; TBARS) in suckling Wistar rats exposed to Cd. Treated animals received either Se alone for 9 days (8 μmol, i.e.

Results of treatment of displaced supracondylar humeral fractures in children by K-wiring.

The supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children remains the most challenging injury for the orthopedic surgeon. It is important to consider the options of treatment very carefully and tailor the treatment according to the characteristics of each fracture. In this study we observed outcomes of surgical procedures using the Kirschner-wire for the dislocated (displaced) supracondylar fractures in 135 children (mean age 6.

Effects of fasting and refeeding on the antioxidant system in cockerels and pullets.

The effect of fasting and refeeding on total antioxidant status (TAS), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity and concentration of some non-enzymatic antioxidant compounds was studied in cockerels and pullets. Blood was collected before and after 48-h fasting and 24 h after refeeding. In cockerels, fasting resulted in a significant decrease of TAS and uric acid concentration.

Endovascular repair of a ruptured descending thoracic aortic aneurysm.

Endovascular aneurysm repair has considerable potential advantages over the surgical approach as a treatment for thoracic aortic rupture, in part because open surgical repair of ruptured thoracic aortic aneurysms is associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. We describe the successful endovascular deployment of stent-grafts to repair a contained rupture of a descending thoracic aortic aneurysm in an 86-year-old man whose comorbidities prohibited surgery. Two months after the procedure, magnetic resonance angiography showed a patent stent-graft, a patent left subclavian artery, and complete exclusion of the aneurysm.

[Measuring quality of life in patients with heart failure].

Introduction: The quality of life in patients with heart failure is diminished by symptoms of disease, affected social connections, frequent hospitalisations, side effects caused by medication, and costs of treatment borne by the patient himself.

Objective: The objective of this research was to measure the quality of life of patients with heart failure and assess any potential changes during a six-month period.

Method: This research is a follow-up study, and comprised 56 patients who were treated from September 1998 to August 1999 at the Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases of the Clinical Centre of Serbia.

Open reduction of congenital hip dislocation by medial approach: case series.

Aim: To present the results of medial approach in open reduction of congenital hip dislocation, with the preservation of the medial femoral circumflex artery.

Methods: We operated on 48 nonreducible hip dislocations diagnosed in children aged 6-27 months. Twenty-two hips (17 patients) were available for clinical and radiographic follow-up.

Basic package of health entitlements and solidarity in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The aim of this report is to provide an overview of the methodology for designing a basic package of health entitlements and solidarity in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina which will, respecting the principles of solidarity and equity, guarantee equal rights to all citizens of the Federation. After the analysis of the situation, we specified the reasons for the reform, listed the objectives, and described the basis of the basic package design, the establishment of federal solidarity, and the plan of realization. We discussed the background ethical theories of our policy choice, explicitly stated the normative and technical criteria for priority setting, and deliberated Federal financing solidarity policy and allocation methodology, as well as criteria for "risk equalization" among cantons.

Reform of health insurance in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The aim of this report is to provide an overview of the reform of health insurance in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBH). Health financing and resource allocation policies in the FBH are also summarized. Health financing should be ensured through three types of health insurance: compulsory, supplementary, and voluntary.

Priority setting and scarce resources: case of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The priority setting within the context of scarce resources in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) can be divided into priorities within the health care services provision and priorities within the reconstruction process. Facing the resource scarcity, the Federation of BH has chosen to increase health insurance contribution rate to establish cost-sharing arrangements (co-payments) and priority setting to ration access to certain services funded by the compulsory health insurance ("basic package" of the health care services). Reconstruction process of the health care facilities is conducted on the federal level through the effective managerial infrastructure ("project implementation units").

[Strategic guidelines for reconstruction and development of health care in the Federation of Bosnia-Herzegovina].

The aim of the study is to represent the strategic outlines of health system reconstruction in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Considering the future health system design we represented the crucial choices of health care policy within primary health care, hospital care, public health, health care financing, health care of vulnerable groups, as well as reform of medical education. A constitutional framework for the organization of health system was represented, as well as relevant challenges of transition from socialist system to free market economy system.

[Health care reform in Bosnia-Herzegovina and reorganization of emergency medical services].

The reform of the constitution of Bosnia and Hercegovina would be incomplete if it did not have the reform of the emergency conditions. The Ministry of health of Bosnia and Hercegovina is determined to complete reorganization of the emergency health services. The principles and models of this reorganization are based upon the experiences before and during the war, but they are also based upon the experiences we shared with another countries in Europe and in the world.