[Endometriosis in cesarean section surgical scar].

Introduction: Endometriosis is the presence of endometrial glands and stroma outside of uterine cavity. It may occur in the abdominal wall scar after the operation in which uterus was opened. In cesarean section scar it occurs in 0.

[Rhino-orbital zygomycosis].

Zygomycosis is rare but highly invasive fungal infection, with high mortality rate. A 67 years old diabetic man was presented with rhino-ocular form of the disease. Fungal elements invaded the skin and subutaneous facial tissue, with involvement of the nose, paranasal sinuses and orbit.

[The closed head injury syndrome--frequency and character of brain parenchyma lesions].

The aim of this investigation was to determine the frequency and character of the brain parenchyma lesions using CT scan and MR in patients with closed head injury, and afterwards to establish the connection of those changes with clinical parameters (neurological deficit and the degree of consciousness disorder), evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of neuroradiological procedures. The investigation comprised 40 patients with closed head injury. Grade of neurological deficit (Canadian Neurological Scale) and the degree of consciousness disorder (Glasgow Coma Scale) were determined in all patients by the same neurologist.

[Neurologic manifestations after surgical interventions].

Administration of general anesthesia is rarely accompanied with newly developed postoperative neurological complications. We analyzed postoperative complications after general anesthesia where an urgent neurologic assistance was necessary. The investigation included 120 patients.

[Surgical treatment of hypophyseal adenoma using the pterional approach].

The results of a retrospective study of 21 patients undergoing surgery with pterional approach to pituitary adenomas are reported. There were 7 females, and 14 males, between 20 to 68 (average 43.5) years of age.

HBsAg as the antigen component of circulating immune complexes in HIV-infected patients.

Seeing the same transmission pattern of HIV and HBV coinfection by these two agents is not an uncommon feature. Immunity impairment due to HIV infection can be the cause of a higher rate of HBV replication with less intensive liver damage and less effective immune response to HBV, while the pathological course in both infections involves elevated levels of circulating immune complexes (CIC). These were the reasons for us to examine the frequency of HBsAg involvement as the antigen component of circulating immune complexes formed in sera of HIV-infected patients in different stages of HIV disease.

[Role of nimodipine in the therapy of subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage].

Syndromes of intracranial hemorrhage, and particularly subarachnoidal, i.e., intracerebral hemorrhage (SAH and IH) present clinical entities that are the most severe conditions in neurology.

[Transnasal transsphenoidal approach to pituitary adenomas].

The results of transnasal transsphenoidal surgery of pituitary adenomas were retrospectively analyzed in a group of 42 patients, 22 females and 20 males, aged 19-70, of average age 43 years. Histopathological examination showed null-cell adenomas in 4, growth-cell in 11, prolactin-cell in 3, adrenocorticotropin-cell in 6, plurihormonal adenomas in 6, craniopharingeoma in 1, metastasis of pulmonary carcinoma in 1, pituitary abscess in 1, and normal pituitary tissue in 9 cases, respectively. Out of 30 patients with adenomas, 21 had macro (> 1 cm) and 9 had microadenomas (< 1 cm).

[Stress ulcer in a patient with a subacute subdural hematoma].

During the onset and development of pathologic events, numerous changes occur in the body as the result of an attempt of dynamic equilibrium maintenance. Results of such sequence of events may lead to organic, as well as psychic impairment of the body that is often referred to as the onset of psychosomatic disease. This paper deals with the disorder that could provide better insight in the possible physiopathologic mechanisms of psychosomatic disease or disorders.

[Multiple sclerosis and epilepsy].

Epileptic seizures in the patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) were reported more than 100 years ago. The question of mutual physiopathologic association between MS and epilepsy is even nowadays controversial. The question is if epileptic seizures are the symptoms of MS or are just coincidential, i.

[Secondary neurosurgical management of craniocerebral war injuries].

In Belgrade Military Medical Academy 88 males and 1 female (aged 13-55, average 28.6 years) with war craniocerebral injuries (CCI) were secondarily neurosurgically treated from October 1991 trough December 1992. Primary neurosurgical management of these patients was performed in war hospitals in former Yugoslavia.

[Carotid-cavernous fistula with spontaneous remission].

Carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCF) represent the complication of traumatic injuries mostly of bone structures of skull base and face, and rarely of soft neck tissues with the fast development of the shunt and imperiled hemodynamics that in a short time endangers the patient for the increase of intracranial mass. The therapy of this clinical entity significantly changed in the last few years. In this report, we present the case of spontaneous CCF healing with the complete restitution of neurological deficit and CCF healing in control angiographies.

[The Fahr syndrome].

Fahr's syndrome is a rare clinical entity consisting of certain metabolic, biochemical, neuroradiologic and neuropsychologic phenomena in which extrapyramidal phenomenology clinically dominates. In this report, primarily from educational reasons, we have presented a female patient, who was before admittance to our clinic examined in one Belgrade hospital for headache, stiffness of trunk and extremities and the diagnosis was migraine with depressive reactions. However, as the discomforts were persistent, she was admitted to our clinic and after the investigation, especially for the presence of extrapyramidal clinical phenomenology with dominantly pronounced increase of tonus with the presence of amorphous calcifications in basal ganglia on both sides it was concluded that she was suffering from Fahr's syndrome.

[Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy].

Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is rare and very severe disease, classified into the group of subacute and viral infections of central nervous system (CNS), and can simulate clinical pictures of numerous degenerative diseases of nervous system. PML was firstly described in 1958, and pathologic-morphologic substrate was explained in papers of Astron et al. Many years later, definitive diagnosis of PML was histopathologic, on the autopsy material.

[The influence of parathyroidectomy on phagocytic capability of polymorphonuclear cells in patients on hemodialysis].

Having in mind the fact, that in patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism induced by chronic renal failure, phagocytic capability of leukocytes is supressed, we attempted to investihate the role of parathormone in it. The study included 6 hemodialysed and 5 healthy volunteers. The degree of phagocyosis was determined according to the HBT test on polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL), before, and 7 and 60 days following the subtotal parathyroodectomy.

[Morphologic changes in cardiac muscle in white rats in various models of hypoxia].

The authors have explored the effect of intermittent hypoxia in the cell membrane and histochemical changes in the cardiac muscle cells of the white rat. Every day the animals were exposed to experimental conditions characteristic of 7.000 m of high above sea level (first experimental group) and every odd day (second experimental group).

[Intraosseous schwannoma].

Neurogenic tumors, primary bone tumors, are rather exceptional; about 50 cases have been reported so far. The study reports a case of intraosseous schwannoma, a primary bone tumor, in a 20-year-old male patient, localized in the distal end of the right tibia.

[The significance of objective functional classification in the evaluation of physical fitness in patients after myocardial infarction].

Coronary disease decreases physical fitness of patients. This is due to decreased inotropic and chronotropic cardiac reserves. The study concerned 400 male patients, aged 40-50 years, one year after infarction of the myocardium and appropriate rehabilitation.

[Disorders of heart rhythm in patients with mitral valve prolapse detected by continuous electrocardiography].

Prolapse of the mitral valve is a frequent occurrence. It is usually benign. However, because of frequent arrhythmias that can provoce sudden death, its detection and treatment are of great importance.