Connexin 43 contributes to perioperative neurocognitive disorder by attenuating perineuronal net of hippocampus in aged mice.

Background: Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a prevalent form of cognitive impairment in elderly patients following anesthesia and surgery. The underlying mechanisms of PND are closely related to perineuronal nets (PNNs). PNNs, which are complexes of extracellular matrix primarily surrounding neurons in the hippocampus, play a critical role in neurocognitive function.

Optical and Electrical Dual-Mode Detection of a Carcinogenic Substance Based on Synergy of Liquid Crystals and Ionic Liquids.

Visual, sensitive, and selective detection of carcinogenic substances is highly desired in portable health protection and practical medicine production. However, achieving this goal presents significant challenges with the traditional single-mode sensors reported so far, as they have limited sensing mechanisms and provide only a single output signal. Here, we report an effective optical and electrical dual-mode sensor for the visual, sensitive, and selective detection of -nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), a typical volatile carcinogenic substance, leveraging the synergy of ionic liquid-doped liquid crystals (IL-LC).

Effects of innovative modular prone positioning tools in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome due to COVID-19 during awake prone position: a prospective randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: Our aim is to investigate the effects of a innovative modular prone positioning tools on patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by COVID-19 during awake prone positioning (AW-PP).

Methods: This prospective randomized controlled study initially enrolled 168 patients with COVID-19 due to ARDS. However, 92 were subsequently disqualified, leaving 76 patients who were randomly assigned to either the observation group (n = 38) or the control group (n = 38).

DNMT3a Deficiency Contributes to Anesthesia/Surgery-Induced Synaptic Dysfunction and Cognitive Impairment in Aged Mice.

Perioperative neurocognitive disorder (PND) is a severe postoperative complication in older patients. Epigenetic changes are hallmarks of senescence and are closely associated with cognitive impairment. However, the effects of anesthesia and surgery on the aging brain's epigenetic regulatory mechanisms and its impact on cognitive impairment remain unclear.

The Scalp Nerve Block Combined with Intercostal Nerve Block Improves Recovery After Deep Brain Stimulation in Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Prospective, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: To explore the effect of scalp nerve block (SNB) combined with intercostal nerve block (ICNB) on quality of recovery (QoR) after deep brain stimulation (DBS) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: We conducted a prospective randomized controlled trial in which 88 patients with PD were randomly assigned to undergo SNB combined with ICNB (SNB group) or not (control group) before surgery. The primary outcome was the 15-item QoR (QoR-15) score 24 h after surgery.

The role of the prefrontal cortex in modulating aggression in humans and rodents.

Accumulating evidence suggests that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays an important role in aggression. However, the findings regarding the key neural mechanisms and molecular pathways underlying the modulation of aggression by the PFC are relatively scattered, with many inconsistencies and areas that would benefit from exploration. Here, we highlight the relationship between the PFC and aggression in humans and rodents and describe the anatomy and function of the human PFC, along with homologous regions in rodents.

Role of lumbar puncture level on the onset of epidural labor analgesia: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To compare the speed of achieving painless uterine contractions in parturients undergoing epidural analgesia at different lumbar puncture levels.

Methods: This study is a randomized controlled trial at a tertiary A hospital with a history of over 80 years in Sichuan Province, China. Parturients aged 22-40 years old scheduled for vaginal delivery under epidural analgesia were recruited.

High myoglobin level as an independent risk factor for death in elderly patients with critical COVID-19 infection: a retrospective case-control study.

Aim: This study aimed to discover risk factors for death in patients with critical COVID-19 infection in order to identify patients with a higher risk of death at an early stage.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of patients with critical COVID-19 infection from April 2022 to June 2022. Data were collected from the electronic medical records.

Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine in the Prone Position in Elderly Patients with Pneumonia: A Prospective, Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Study.

Purpose: We aimed to identify a safe and effective method to assist older adults with pneumonia in tolerating the prone position for a longer duration.

Methods: This was a randomized, controlled, double-blinded study performed at the Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital. Eighty patients with pneumonia aged ≥ 65 years were included.

In-Sensor Organic Electrochemical Transistor for the Multimode Neuromorphic Olfactory System.

The olfactory system is one of the six basic sensory nervous systems. Developing artificial olfactory systems is challenging due to the complexity of chemical information decoding and memory. Conventional chemical sensors can convert chemical signals into electric signals to decode gas information but they lack memory functions.

Clec7a Worsens Long-Term Outcomes after Ischemic Stroke by Aggravating Microglia-Mediated Synapse Elimination.

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally and triggers a series of reactions leading to primary and secondary brain injuries and permanent neurological deficits. Microglia in the central nervous system play dual roles in neuroprotection and responding to ischemic brain damage. Here, an IS model is employed to determine the involvement of microglia in phagocytosis at excitatory synapses.

Multidimensional Analgesia of Acupuncture by Increasing Expression of MD2 in Central Nervous System.

Objective: To investigate changes of myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD2) in inflammation-induced pain and acupuncture-mediated analgesia.

Methods: Mice were randomly divided into three groups by a random number table method: saline group (n=16), complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) group (n=24) and CFA+electroacupuncture (EA) group (n=26). Inflammation-induced pain was modelled by injecting CFA to the plantar surface of the hind paw of mice and EA was applied to bilateral Zusanli (ST 36) to alleviate pain.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Attenuates Chronic Postsurgical Pain by Regulating the CD73/Adenosine/A1R Axis of the Spinal Cord in Rats.

Chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) affects postoperative rehabilitation and quality of life in patients, but its mechanisms are still poorly understood. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) attenuates neuropathic pain in animal and human studies, but its efficacy for CPSP treatment and its underlying mechanism have not been elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the analgesic effect of HBO in a CPSP rat model and the role of spinal cord adenosine circulation in HBO-induced analgesia.

Bibliometric Analysis of the Top-100 Cited Articles on Postoperative Delirium.

Objective: Postoperative delirium (POD), a common complication affecting short- and long-term prognosis in elderly patients, leads to a heavy burden on social economy and health care. The main purpose of this study is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the 100 most frequently cited articles on POD.

Methods: "Postoperative delirium" and its synonyms were searched in the Web of Science (WoS) core database.

Influences of Propofol, Ciprofol and Remimazolam on Dreaming During Anesthesia for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: A Randomized Double-Blind Parallel-Design Trial.

Purpose: To compare the influences of propofol, ciprofol and remimazolam on dreaming during painless gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Methods: This study was a single-center, prospective, parallel-design, double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Between May 2023 and October 2023, patients undergoing elective painless gastrointestinal endoscopy were recruited and randomly allocated into one of the three groups.

Organic Synaptic Transistors with Environmentally Friendly Core/Shell Quantum Dots for Wavelength-Selective Memory and Neuromorphic Functions.

Organic transistors based on organic semiconductors together with quantum dots (QDs) are attracting more and more interest because both materials have excellent optoelectronic properties and solution processability. Electronics based on nontoxic QDs are highly desired considering the potential health risks but are limited by elevated surface defects, inadequate stability, and diminished luminescent efficiency. Herein, organic synaptic transistors based on environmentally friendly ZnSe/ZnS core/shell QDs with passivating surface defects are developed, exhibiting optically programmable and electrically erasable characteristics.

Errata: Middle aged CAMKII-Cre:Cbs mice: a new model for studying perioperative neurocognitive disorders.

Zhen Li, Mengfan He, Danqing Dai, Xiaofei Gao, Huazheng Liang and Lize Xiong Exp. Anim. 73(1), 109-123, 2024 https://doi.

Risk factors for progression to severe infection and prolonged viral clearance time in hospitalized elderly patients infected with the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2: a retrospective study at Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University.

Introduction: In elderly patients infected with the Omicron variant, disease progression to severe infection can result in poor outcomes. This study aimed to identify risk and protective factors associated with disease progression to severe infection and viral clearance time in elderly Omicron-infected patients.

Methods: Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, was officially designated to provide treatment to patients with COVID-19.

Association Between Hemoglobin-Albumin-Lymphocyte-Platelet Index and Mortality in Hospitalized COVID-19 Omicron BA.2 Infected Patients.

Background: The hemoglobin-albumin-lymphocyte-platelet (HALP) index is a novel biomarker reflecting systemic inflammation and nutritional status which are important for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality. However, the association between HALP and mortality in patients with COVID-19 has yet to be investigated.

Methods: A cohort of COVID-19 Omicron BA.