Protective Effects of Mdivi-1 on Cognition Disturbance Following Sepsis in Mice via Alleviating Microglia Activation and Polarization.

Background: Neuroinflammation is one of the essential pathogeneses of cognitive damage suffering from sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Lots of evidences showed the microglia presented mitochondrial fragmentation during SAE. This study investigated the protective effects and novel mechanisms of inhibiting microglia mitochondrial fragmentation via mitochondrial division inhibitor 1 (Mdivi-1) on cognitive damage in SAE.

Protective Effects and Mechanisms of Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress on Cold Seawater Immersion Combined with Hemorrhagic Shock.

Purpose: Cold seawater immersion aggravates hemorrhagic shock-induced homeostasis imbalance and organ dysfunction, leading to increased mortality. Previous studies have shown that treatments targeting oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction have limited efficacy for cold seawater immersion combined with hemorrhagic shock (SIHS). Thus, the mechanisms responsible for SIHS need further investigation.

Numerical study of Richtmyer-Meshkov instability in finite thickness fluid layers with reshock.

The evolution of a shock-induced fluid layer is numerically investigated in order to reveal the underlying mechanism of the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability under the effect of a reshock wave. Six different types of fluid layer are initially set up to study the effect of amplitude perturbation, fluid-layer thickness, and phase position on the reshocked fluid-layer evolution. Interface morphology results show that the interface-coupling effect gets strengthened when the fluid-layer thickness is small, which means the development of spikes and bubbles is inhibited to some extent compared to the case with large initial fluid-layer thickness.

Flame-Retardant Thermoplastic Polyether Ester/Aluminum Butylmethylphosphinate/Phenolphthalein Composites with Enhanced Mechanical Properties and Antidripping.

Aluminum butylmethylphosphinate AiBMP as a flame retardant and phenolphthalein as a synergistic agent were applied in a thermoplastic polyester elastomer (TPEE)) in the current study. The thermal properties, flame retardancy, crystallization and mechanical properties of TPEE/AiMBP with or without phenolphthalein were investigated using various characterizations, including the limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical burning test (UL 94), thermogravimetric analysis TG, differential scanning calorimetry, microcombustion calorimeter (MCC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and mechanical tests. The results revealed that AiBMP alone is an efficient flame retardant of TPEE.

Stabilization of Nrf2 leading to HO-1 activation protects against zinc oxide nanoparticles-induced endothelial cell death.

With the abundant production and wide application of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs), the potential health risks of ZnONPs have raised serious concerns. Oxidative stress is recognized as the most important outcome of the toxicity induced by ZnONPs. The Nrf2-Keap1 system and its downstream antioxidative genes are the fundamental protective mechanisms for redox hemeostasis.

Atwood number effects on the instability of a uniform interface driven by a perturbed shock wave.

The evolution of a uniform interface subjected to a perturbed shock wave has been experimentally studied over a range of Atwood numbers 0.22≤A≤0.68 and Mach numbers 1.

Polyimide film with low thermal expansion and high transparency by self-enhancement of polyimide/SiC nanofibers net.

A facile approach to synthesize a polyimide (PI) film with enhanced dimensional stability, a high mechanical property and optical transparency is presented by embedding the partial imidized PI/SiC nanofiber-net in a poly(amic acid) (PAA) solution, followed by removing the solvent and imidization of the PAA. The nanofiber-network self-filled PI film demonstrates a much lower thermal expansion coefficient (CTE), an excellent mechanical property and high transparency retention in comparison to the film fabricated by solution cast. When the SiC content is 6 wt% in PI/SiC nanofibers, the CTE values for the PI film containing 25 wt% PI/SiC nanofibers are 2.

Flame-retardant polyvinyl alcohol membrane with high transparency based on a reactive phosphorus-containing compound.

Flame-retardant polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) membranes with high transparency and flexibility were prepared by mixing an aqueous solution of a phosphorus-containing acrylic acid (AOPA) with PVA. The reaction between AOPA and PVA, the transparency, the crystallinity and the flexibility of the membrane were investigated with Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), UV-vis light transmittance, X-ray diffraction and tensile tests, respectively. The limited oxygen index (LOI) and vertical flame (UL 94 VTM), microscale combustion calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and TGA-FTIR were employed to evaluate the flame retardancy as well as to reveal the corresponding mechanisms.

Richtmyer-Meshkov instability of a flat interface subjected to a rippled shock wave.

The Richtmyer-Meshkov (RM) instability of a nominally flat interface (N_{2}/SF_{6}) subjected to a rippled shock, as the counterpart of a corrugated interface interacting with a planar shock, is studied experimentally in a vertical shock tube using both schlieren photography and fog visualization diagnostics. The nonplanar incident shock wave is produced by a planar shock diffracting around a rigid cylinder, and the flat interface is created by a membraneless technique. Three different distances η (the ratio of spacing from cylinder to interface over cylinder diameter) are considered.

Phase II study of cisplatin/etoposide and endostar for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of endostar, a novel recombinant human endostatin, plus cisplatin, and etoposide in patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC).

Patients And Methods: Chemotherapy-naïve patients with histologically confirmed, measurable ED-SCLC were enrolled. Treatment consisted of cisplatin (25 mg/m(2)) administered intravenously (IV) on days 1-3; etoposide (120 mg/m(2)) administered intravenously (IV) on days 1-3; endostar (15 mg) administered intravenously (IV) on days 1-14 every 21 days for up to four cycles.

Experimental and numerical study of shock-accelerated elliptic heavy gas cylinders.

We studied the evolution of elliptic heavy SF6 gas cylinder surrounded by air when accelerated by a planar Mach 1.25 shock. A multiple dynamics imaging technology has been used to obtain one image of the experimental initial conditions and five images of the time evolution of elliptic cylinder.

Investigation of the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability with double perturbation interface in nonuniform flows.

A nonuniform SF6 gas flow initial condition has been actualized in the context of shock tube experiment for the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability study. Two kinds of amplitude have been used to design the membrane supports which initially materialize the gaseous interface. The visualizations of air/SF6 sinusoidal interfaces and shock wave propagations in the nonuniform field were obtained by Schlieren photography.