Diversity and utilization patterns of fodder resources in a Himalayan protected area.

In the Himalaya, collection of fodder from protected areas by local communities for sustenance of their livestock is an integral part of mountain farming systems. Here, we assess the diversity and utilization patterns of fodder resources collected by local communities from Overa-Aru wildlife sanctuary in Kashmir Himalaya. A multi-stage random sampling was employed to select sample villages (5) and households (81) for the survey.

Divergent Cyclizative Approaches of In Situ Formed β-Keto-Allenes: Chemo- and Regioselective Synthesis of Bicyclic Furans, and Pyrroles.

A unified strategy for the construction of bicyclic furans and pyrroles is developed from -propargyl alcohols and α-acyl cyclic ketones using an alkaline earth catalyst under solvent-free conditions. The reaction proceeds via the formation of a β-keto allene intermediate, which upon treatment with a -amine underwent thermodynamic enol formation and a subsequent annulation to form bicyclic furans. Interestingly, the same allene forms bicyclic pyrrole with primary amines.