High-Surface Area Mesoporous ScO with Abundant Oxygen Vacancies as New and Advanced Electrocatalyst for Electrochemical Biomass Valorization.

Scandium oxide (ScO) is considered as omnipotent "Industrial Ajinomoto" and holds promise in catalytic applications. However, rarely little attention is paid to its electrochemistry. Here, the first nanocasting design of high-surface area ScO with abundant oxygen vacancies (mesoporous V-ScO) for efficient electrochemical biomass valorization is reported.

Design of a 0.15-2 GHz high-resolution vector-sum broadband phase shifter with controlled programmable attenuators for stochastic cooling system.

In this paper, a new 0.15-2 GHz broadband phase shifter with 9-bit phase resolution is presented. This broadband digital adjustable phase shifter is implemented by utilizing the signal vector summation technology.

Stochastic cooling notch filter developments for the high-precision spectrometer ring in the high intensity heavy-ion accelerator facility project.

Stochastic cooling of the high-precision spectrometer ring (SRing) at the High Intensity Heavy-Ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) project in China, which is used mainly for experiments with radioactive fragment beams, is applied to speed up the cooling process of a stored ion beam. In this article, a new coaxial-type notch filter with an amplitude equalizer in the long branch and an optical-type notch filter with phase-stabilized optical fiber are discussed and evaluated for the SRing stochastic cooling system. Both prototypes of coaxial and optical notch filters are fabricated and tested.

Attitudes and influencing factors associated with smoking cessation: An online cross-sectional survey in China.

Introduction: Quitting smoking, the critical path to reach the global targets of reducing tobacco use, can bring major and immediate health benefits to smokers. Exploring factors that help individuals to quit smoking is of great importance. The present study explored influencing factors on smoking cessation, in order to provide comprehensive reference for tobacco control policies.

A new shear creep damage model for rock masses after considering initial damage.

For a long time, one of the important safety problems in open-pit mines is the stability of a large number of high slopes with gently inclined soft interlayer. Rock masses formed after long geological processes generally have some initial damage. Mining works also cause varying degrees of disturbance and damage to rock masses in the mining area during the mining process.

A direct shear apparatus for intact rock under dynamic moisture content.

Under field conditions, the moisture content of rock changes with the weather during prolonged creep. In order to investigate the effect of moisture content change on long-term shear strength and deformation behavior, a shear apparatus for intact rock was developed. Since three prefabricated holes are drilled in the upper part of the rock sample, the water injection device and the gas injection device can be used to inject water and gas into the rock sample alternately during the test to adjust the moisture content without removing the normal load and shear load.

Palladium-Catalyzed Three-Component Selective Aminoallylation of Diazo Compounds.

We describe a Xantphos-containing dinuclear palladium complex-enabled geminal aminoallylation of diazocarbonyl compounds, which selectively provides a range of quaternary α-amino esters. Direct N-H insertion, allylic alkylation of amino nucleophiles, and diene formation were not observed under standard conditions. Mechanistic studies indicated that a relayed pathway via allylation of the N-H insertion product or [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of an ylide intermediate was unlikely.

Belief Entropy Tree and Random Forest: Learning from Data with Continuous Attributes and Evidential Labels.

As well-known machine learning methods, decision trees are widely applied in classification and recognition areas. In this paper, with the uncertainty of labels handled by belief functions, a new decision tree method based on belief entropy is proposed and then extended to random forest. With the Gaussian mixture model, this tree method is able to deal with continuous attribute values directly, without pretreatment of discretization.

Neural network assisted Kalman filter for INS/UWB integrated seamless quadrotor localization.

Due to some harsh indoor environments, the signal of the ultra wide band (UWB) may be lost, which makes the data fusion filter can not work. For overcoming this problem, the neural network (NN) assisted Kalman filter (KF) for fusing the UWB and the inertial navigation system (INS) data seamlessly is present in this work. In this approach, when the UWB data is available, both the UWB and the INS are able to provide the position information of the quadrotor, and thus, the KF is used to provide the localization information by the fusion of position difference between the INS and the UWB, meanwhile, the KF can provide the estimation of the INS position error, which is able to assist the NN to build the mapping between the state vector and the measurement vector off-line.

Divergent synthesis of 1,3,5-tri and 1,3-disubstituted pyrazoles under transition metal-free conditions.

Pyrazole cores are common structural motifs existing in various agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals. Herein, a transition metal-free, three-component reaction of arylaldehydes, ethyl acrylate and N-tosylhydrazones is described, which leads to the formation of 1,3,5-trisubstituted and 1,3-disubstituted pyrazoles divergently under slightly different conditions.

A Modular Approach to Dibenzo-fused ϵ-Lactams: Palladium-Catalyzed Bridging-C-H Activation.

Tricyclic ring systems possessing a dibenzo structure joined to a seven-membered heterocyclic ring frequently show important biological activities. However, a modular approach to these molecules based on efficient intermolecular reaction of readily available chemicals is lacking. Herein, an unprecedented palladium-catalyzed formal [4+3] annulation for modular construction of these tricyclic systems is described.