A Robust Method for Real Time Intraoperative 2D and Preoperative 3D X-Ray Image Registration Based on an Enhanced Swin Transformer Framework.

In image-guided surgery (IGS) practice, combining intraoperative 2D X-ray images with preoperative 3D X-ray images from computed tomography (CT) enables the rapid and accurate localization of lesions, which allows for a more minimally invasive and efficient surgery, and also reduces the risk of secondary injuries to nerves and vessels. Conventional optimization-based methods for 2D X-ray and 3D CT matching are limited in speed and precision due to non-convex optimization spaces and a constrained searching range. Recently, deep learning (DL) approaches have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in solving complex nonlinear 2D-3D registration.

Adaptive fuzzy command filtered control for uncertain fractional order nonlinear systems with full state constraints.

This paper investigates the tracking control problem for fractional-order (FO) nonlinear systems with model uncertainties and external disturbances under full-state constraints. An adaptive fuzzy control strategy based on a command filter is proposed, where the asymmetric Barrier Lyapunov Function is adopted to ensure that the states do not violate their constraints, and a fuzzy logic system is used to approximate the unknown nonlinear terms. Additionally, a FO command filter is implemented to approximate the virtual control signals and their derivatives, effectively addressing the explosion of complexity problem, while an error compensation function is incorporated to compensate for the filtering errors.

Continuous Core Body Temperature Monitoring for Heatstroke Alert via a Wearable In-Ear Thermometer.

Heatstroke, a global concern exacerbated by climate change, poses significant health risks, potentially leading to multiorgan damage and fatalities. Core body temperature (CBT) is a critical and precise indicator of heatstroke, and its continuous monitoring could serve as a pivotal tool for early detection. Traditional CBT measurements, often invasive (e.

Estimation of Cancer Deaths Averted From Prevention, Screening, and Treatment Efforts, 1975-2020.

Importance: Cancer mortality has decreased over time, but the contributions of different interventions across the cancer control continuum to averting cancer deaths have not been systematically evaluated across major cancer sites.

Objective: To quantify the contributions of prevention, screening (to remove precursors [interception] or early detection), and treatment to cumulative number of cancer deaths averted from 1975 to 2020 for breast, cervical, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancers.

Design, Setting, And Participants: In this model-based study using population-level cancer mortality data, outputs from published models developed by the Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network were extended to quantify cancer deaths averted through 2020.

Gut microbiota and metabolites associated with immunotherapy efficacy in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: a pilot study.

Background: The gut microbiota and its associated metabolites play a critical role in shaping the systemic immune response and influencing the efficacy of immunotherapy. In this study, patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) were included to explore the correlation between gut microbiota and metabolites and immunotherapy efficacy in patients with ES-SCLC.

Methods: Pre- and post-treatment, we collected stool samples from 49 ES-SCLC patients treated with an anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody.

Sequential vs. concurrent systemic therapies in combination with FOLFOX-HAIC for locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a single-center, real-world cohort study.

Background: Tri-combination therapy based on hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) of infusion fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX-HAIC) plus immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for the locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients have been proven effective. However, whether it was best for these HCC patients to start with the most potent therapeutic pattern was still under debate. This retrospective study evaluated the efficacy and safety of FOLFOX-HAIC combined with systemic therapies in the patterns of sequential and concurrent schedules.

Prognostic significance of postoperative serological incomplete conversion of AFP and PIVKA-II after hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter analysis of 1755 patients.

Background: The value of serum biomarkers, particularly alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II), gains increasing attention in prognostic evaluation and recurrence monitoring for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study investigated the implications of serological incomplete conversion (SIC) of these 2 biomarkers as prognostic indicators for long-term outcomes after HCC resection.

Methods: A multicenter observational study was conducted on a cohort of HCC patients presenting with AFP (>20 ng/mL) or PIVKA-II (>40 mAU/mL) positivity who underwent curative-intent resection.

The Barthel Index predicts surgical textbook outcomes following hepatectomy for elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: A multicenter cohort study.

Background: The burgeoning demand for hepatectomy in elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) necessitates improved perioperative care. Geriatric populations frequently experience functional decline and frailty, predisposing them to adverse postoperative outcomes. The Barthel Index serves as a reliable measure for assessing functional capacity, and this study evaluates its impact on surgical textbook outcomes (TOs) in elderly HCC patients.

The underlying roles and neurobiological mechanisms of music-based intervention in Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive review.

Non-pharmacological therapy has gained popularity in the intervention of Alzheimer's disease (AD) due to its apparent therapeutic effectiveness and the limitation of biological drug. A wealth of research indicates that music interventions can enhance cognition, mood and behavior in individuals with AD. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms behind these improvements have yet to be fully and systematically delineated.

Analysis of Breast Cancer Mortality in the US-1975 to 2019.

Importance: Breast cancer mortality in the US declined between 1975 and 2019. The association of changes in metastatic breast cancer treatment with improved breast cancer mortality is unclear.

Objective: To simulate the relative associations of breast cancer screening, treatment of stage I to III breast cancer, and treatment of metastatic breast cancer with improved breast cancer mortality.

The protective effect of Ergolide in osteoarthritis: In vitro and in vivo studies.

Osteoarthritis (OA), a prevalent degenerative condition, occurs due to the deterioration of joint tissues and cells. Consequently, safeguarding chondrocytes against damage caused by inflammation is an area of future research emphasis. There is growing evidence that Ergolide (ERG) has multiple biological functions.

Ectopic transcription due to inappropriately inherited histone methylation may interfere with the ongoing function of terminally differentiated cells.

How mutations in histone modifying enzymes lead to neurodevelopmental disorders is unknown. We took advantage of the invariant embryonic lineage and adult nervous system in C. elegans to investigate a double mutant between spr-5/Lsd1/Kdm1a (H3K4me1/2 demethylase) and met-2/Setdb1 (H3K9 methyltransferase).

Novel online calculator to predict reduced risk of early recurrence from adjuvant transarterial chemoembolisation for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: The role of adjuvant transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) to reduce postoperative recurrence varies widely among patients undergoing hepatectomy with curative intent for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Personalised predictive tool to select which patients may benefit from adjuvant TACE is lacking. This study aimed to develop and validate an online calculator for estimating the reduced risk of early recurrence from adjuvant TACE for patients with HCC.

Do not ignore the effects of phosphorus and potassium addition on microbial carbon use efficiency.

P or PK addition significantly affected microbial CUE. No significant linear correlation between respiration rates and microbial CUE under N addition when NP and NPK addition were excluded.

Immunotherapies for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Primary liver cancer is the second leading cause of tumor-related deaths in China, with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounting for 80%-90% of these. Since there is a lack of symptoms in the early stages of HCC, a large proportion of patients were identified with unresectable HCC when diagnosed. Due to the severe resistance to chemotherapy, patients with advanced HCC were traditionally treated with systematic therapy in the past decades, and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) sorafenib has remained the only treatment option for advanced HCC since 2008.

Association of severity in the grading of microvascular invasion with long-term oncological prognosis after liver resection for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective cohort study from a hepatitis B virus-endemic area.

Background: The presence of microvascular invasion (MVI) is a significant malignant pathological feature related to recurrence and survival after liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the severity in the grading of MVI and long-term oncological outcomes in patients with early-stage HCC.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on a prospectively maintained multicenter database on patients who underwent curative resection for Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage 0/A HCC between 2017 and 2020.

LncRNA TINCR impairs the efficacy of immunotherapy against breast cancer by recruiting DNMT1 and downregulating MiR-199a-5p via the STAT1-TINCR-USP20-PD-L1 axis.

Although programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have achieved some therapeutic success in breast cancer, their efficacy is limited by low therapeutic response rates, which is closely related to the immune escape of breast cancer cells. Tissue differentiation inducing non-protein coding RNA (TINCR), a long non-coding RNA, as an oncogenic gene associated with the progression of various malignant tumors, including breast cancer; however, the role of TINCR in tumor immunity, especially in breast cancer, remains unclear. We confirmed that TINCR upregulated PD-L1 expression in vivo and in vitro, and promoted the progression of breast cancer.