Diabetes mellitus (DM) ranks among the most prevalent chronic metabolic diseases, characterized primarily by a persistent elevation in blood glucose levels. This condition typically stems from either insufficient insulin secretion or a functional defect in the insulin itself. Clinically, diabetes is primarily classified into type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), with T2DM comprising nearly 90% of all diagnosed cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBenzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) are a class of natural compounds found in plants of the family, known for their diverse pharmacological activities. However, the extraction yields of BIAs from plants are limited, and the cost of chemical synthesis is prohibitively high. Recent advancements in systems metabolic engineering and genomics have made it feasible to use microbes as bioreactors for BIAs production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPseudorabies virus (PRV), a member of the Alphaherpesvirinae subfamily and a causative pathogen of Aujeszky's disease, has a broad host range including domestic and wild animals. PRV has been reported as a causative agent in patients with acute encephalitis in 2021, which suggests PRV might be a novel animal-origin virus in terms of zoonotic spillover and spread potential. To manage current PRV epidemics in pigs and prepare for future pandemics in other species including humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSwine Alpha-coronaviruses are one of the most destructive pathogens affecting the swine industries across the world. Swine Alpha-coronaviruses include transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, porcine respiratory coronavirus, and swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV). Thus far, swine Alpha-coronaviruses treatment options are very limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe declining availability of cheap fossil-based resources has sparked growing interest in the sustainable biosynthesis of organic acids. l-Malic acid, a crucial four-carbon dicarboxylic acid, finds extensive applications in the food, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries. Synthetic biology and metabolic engineering have enabled the efficient microbial production of l-malic acid, albeit not in , an important industrial microorganism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To investigate the anesthetic and analgesic effects of combining general anesthesia with an anterior quadratus lumborum block at the lateral supra-arcuate ligament (SA-AQLB) in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection for colorectal cancer (CRC).
Methods: In this prospective study, 92 elderly patients scheduled for radical CRC resection were randomly divided into three groups: ultrasound-guided SA-AQLB group (SA group, n=31), ultrasound-guided subcostal AQLB (SC-AQLB) group (SC group, n=31), and a general anesthesia-only group (GA group, n=30). Measurements included mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) at predefined time points, ranging from pre-operation to the end of surgery.
Anesthetic-induced developmental neurotoxicity (AIDN) can arise due to various factors, among which aberrant nerve cell death is a prominent risk factor. Animal studies have reported that repeated or prolonged anesthetic exposure can cause significant neuroapoptosis in the developing brain. Lately, non-apoptotic programmed cell deaths (PCDs), characterized by inflammation and oxidative stress, have gained increasing attention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecently, plant protein as a necessary nutrient source for human beings, a common ingredient of traditional processed food, and an important element of new functional food has gained prominence due to the increasing demand for healthy food. Walnut protein (WP) is obtained from walnut kernels and walnut oil-pressing waste and has better nutritional, functional, and essential amino acids in comparison with other vegetable and grain proteins. WP can be conveniently obtained by various extraction techniques, including alkali-soluble acid precipitation, salting-out, and ultrasonic-assisted extraction, among others.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSwine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) is a newly discovered emerging alphacoronavirus. SADS-CoV shares over 90% genome sequence identity with bat alphacoronavirus HKU2. SADS-CoV was associated with severe diarrhea and high mortality rates in piglets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Outer membrane protein A (OmpA) is the major virulence factor of Acinetobacter baumannii and plays a wide role in the pathogenesis and antimicrobial resistance of A. baumannii. Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most effective antigen-presenting cells and play a crucial role in regulating the immune response to multiple antigens and immune sentries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe p30 protein is abundantly expressed in the early stage of African swine fever virus (ASFV) infection. Thus, it is an ideal antigen candidate for serodiagnosis with the use of an immunoassay. In this study, a chemiluminescent magnetic microparticle immunoassay (CMIA) was developed for the detection of antibodies (Abs) against ASFV p30 protein in porcine serum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFColloids Surf B Biointerfaces
May 2023
Textile dye wastewater has the characteristics of high concentration, complex composition and changeable color degree and pH, which is difficult to be effectively and completely treated, and easy to cause environmental pollution. Here, a strategy of secondary bond interface assembly of polyethyleneimine on zein microparticles (PEI) (PEI@zein) was constructed to achieve rapid and efficient removal of Reactive Black 5 (RB5), which is one of the most widely used reactive dyes in the textile industry. Structural analysis indicated that the as-prepared PEI layer immobilized on zein microparticles was constructed based on the interface assembly dominated by hydrophobic interactions and electrostatic attraction between PEI molecules and zein chains.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBats are reservoirs for diverse coronaviruses, including swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV). SADS-CoV has been reported to have broad cell tropism and inherent potential to cross host species barriers for dissemination. We rescued synthetic wild-type SADS-CoV using one-step assembly of a viral cDNA clone by homologous recombination in yeast.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Microbiol Biotechnol
April 2023
Swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) is an emerging swine enteric alphacoronavirus that can cause acute diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, and death of newborn piglets. In this study, we developed a double-antibody sandwich quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-qELISA) for detection of SADS-CoV by using an anti-SADS-CoV N protein rabbit polyclonal antibody (PAb) and a specific monoclonal antibody (MAb) 6E8 against the SADS-CoV N protein. The PAb was used as the capture antibodies and HRP-labeled 6E8 as the detector antibody.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBats are reservoirs for diverse coronaviruses, including swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV). SADS-CoV was first identified in diarrheal piglets in 2017. As a novel alphacoronavirus, SADS-CoV shares ~95% identity with bat alphacoronavirus HKU2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiarrhea is one of the most important problems associated with the production of piglets, which have a wide range of possible pathogens. This study identified a strain of porcine sapelovirus (PSV) by using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies as the pathogen among fecal samples in a pig herd. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the PSV isolates shared a unique polyprotein and clustered with Chinese isolates identified before 2013.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSwine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV) is a newly discovered bat-origin coronavirus with fatal pathogenicity for neonatal piglets. There is no vaccine to prevent SADS-CoV infection or clinically approved drugs targeting SADS-CoV. Therefore, unraveling cellular factors that regulate SADS-CoV for cell entry is critical to understanding the viral transmission mechanism and provides a potential therapeutic target for SADS-CoV cure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAppl Microbiol Biotechnol
February 2022
African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes acute, febrile, and highly contagious diseases in swine. Early diagnosis is critically important for African swine fever (ASF) prevention and control in the absence of an effective vaccine. P30 is one of the most immunogenic proteins that are produced during the early stage of an ASFV infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAccumulating evidence suggests that p53 is involved in viral infection. However, it remains elusive whether avian p53 orchestrates avian leukosis virus (ALV) replication. We showed that p53 recruits the histone deacetylase 1 and 2 (HDAC1/2) complex to the ALV promoter to shut off ALV's promoter activity and viral replication.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAfrican swine fever (ASF) is an acute and highly contagious infectious disease caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). Currently, there is no vaccine against ASF worldwide, and no effective treatment measures are available. For this reason, developing a simple, rapid, specific, and sensitive serological detection method for ASFV antibodies is crucial for the prevention and control of ASF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPorcine parvovirus (PPV) NS1, the major nonstructural protein of this virus, plays an important role in PPV replication. We show, for the first time, that NS1 dynamically shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm, although its subcellular localization is predominantly nuclear. NS1 contains two nuclear export signals (NESs) at amino acids 283 to 291 (designated NES2) and amino acids 602 to 608 (designated NES1).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAfrican swine fever (ASF) is one of the most severe infectious diseases of pigs. In this study, a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay coupled with the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas12a system was established in one tube for the detection of the African swine fever virus (ASFV) p72 gene. The single-stranded DNA-fluorophore quencher reporter and CRISPR-derived RNA were screened and selected for the CRISPR detection system.
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