Reference values of impulse oscillometry (IOS) for healthy Chinese children aged 4-17 years.

Objective: To establish the predicted value of pulmonary function determined by impulse oscillometry (IOS) in children (4-17 years old) in China.

Methods: A total of 6270 healthy children aged 4-17 years in China were included. The Master Screen IOS pulmonary function device (Jaeger Co, Germany) was used to detect the respiratory impedance (Zrs), resonant frequency (Fres), respiratory system resistance (Rrs) and respiratory system reactance (Xrs) at various oscillation frequencies, and the indices above were analysed.

A cross-sectional study of the clinical characteristics of hospitalized children with community-acquired pneumonia in eight eastern cities in China.

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia in children is common in China. To understand current clinical characteristics and practice, we conducted a cross-sectional study to analyze quality of care on childhood pneumonia in eight eastern cities in China.

Methods: Consecutive hospital records between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2010 were collected from 13 traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and western medicine (WM) hospitals in February, May, August, and November (25 cases per season, 100 cases over the year), respectively.

Characterization of erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates causing invasive diseases in Chinese children.

Background: Erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates that causing invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) in Chinese children remain uncharacterized. This study aims to identify the resistance genes associated with erythromycin resistance and to determine the genetic relationships of IPD isolates in Chinese children.

Methods: A total of 171 S.

Motivating health workers for the provision of directly observed treatment to TB patients in rural China: does cash incentive work? A qualitative study.

As a key component of DOTS (directly observed treatment, short course) strategy, DOT is essential in the prevention of drug-resistant tuberculosis. However, DOT had very poor implementation in rural areas of China. One major reason to this problem was the lack of incentives for DOT providers.

[Clinical application of flexible bronchoscopy and balloon dilatation in pediatric respiratory diseases under local anesthesia].

Objective: To study the significance and safety of flexible bronchoscopy and balloon dilatation in the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases in children.

Methods: A total of 438 children (236 males and 202 females) with respiratory diseases who were aged from 17 days to 15 years, were examined and/or treated by bronchoscopy (including bronchoscopic intervention) under local anesthesia.

Results: Of the 438 children, 311 were diagnosed with pulmonary infection, 68 with atelectasis, 36 with recurrent cough and asthma, 6 with hemoptysis of unknown origin, 6 with bronchial foreign body, 5 with congenital bronchopulmonary dysplasia, 2 with bronchiectasis, 1 with ciliary dyskinesia syndrome, 1 with lung tumor, and 2 with congenital immunodeficiency disease.

Serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates that cause invasive disease among Chinese children.

A total of 171 Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates causing invasive disease were isolated from Chinese children. The serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance were tested. The results suggested that the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine has a preventive effect among children and that there should be long-term surveillance for serotype 19A.

[Forecast about number of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis 2001 - 2010].

Objective: To forecast the number of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in 2010.

Methods: A mathematical model was established based on the nationwide epidemiological survey on tuberculosis conducted in 2000 so as to forecast the numbers of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in 2000s.

Results: (1) The number of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis would be a little more than that in 2000, with the pulmonary tuberculosis case detection rate rho of 0.

The DOTS strategy in China: results and lessons after 10 years.

Objective: To analyse the five-point tuberculosis (TB) strategy, DOTS, 10 years after its implementation in one-half of China's population, and to suggest lessons for future implementation of the DOTS strategy.

Methods: We analysed trends in case-finding and treatment outcome over time following implementation of the DOTS strategy in each county, using routine reporting data from the Infectious and Endemic Disease Control (IEDC) project (1991 - 2000). We also determined the proportion of counties with different levels of case-finding for the fifth and sixth years of DOTS implementation.