Optimization of lycopene spray drying encapsulation in basil seed gum: Boosting bioavailability and mayonnaise stability.

This study aimed to improve lycopene stability and bioavailability in food products. Lycopene, a potent antioxidant, often has poor stability and undesirable organoleptic properties. Therefore, the impact of basil seed gum (BSG) concentration and spray drying inlet temperature (IT) on the physicochemical, bioaccessibility, and antioxidant properties of encapsulated lycopene emulsion (ENL) was investigated using Central Composite Design (CCD)-Response Surface Methodology (RSM).

Bibliometric analysis of kinship analysis from 1960 to 2023: global trends and development.

Kinship analysis is a crucial aspect of forensic genetics. This study analyzed 1,222 publications on kinship analysis from 1960 to 2023 using bibliometric analysis techniques, investigating the annual publication and citation patterns, most productive countries, organizations, authors and journals, most cited documents and co-occurrence of keywords. The initial publication in this field occurred in 1960.

A preliminary report on the exploration of salivary bacterial diversity by the multiplex SNaPshot assay.

Salivary bacterial community composition is associated with the host's internal and environmental factors, which have potential applications in forensic practice. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing is the most commonly used strategy for detecting salivary bacterial diversity; however, its platforms are not compatible with capillary electrophoresis (CE) platforms commonly used for forensic applications. Therefore, we attempted to detect the salivary bacterial diversity using a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) assay.

Mutant huntingtin protein induces MLH1 degradation, DNA hyperexcision, and cGAS-STING-dependent apoptosis.

Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expanded CAG repeat in the huntingtin () gene. The repeat-expanded encodes a mutated HTT (mHTT), which is known to induce DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), activation of the cGAS-STING pathway, and apoptosis in HD. However, the mechanism by which mHTT triggers these events is unknown.

Heat shock protein DNAJA2 regulates transcription-coupled repair by triggering CSB degradation via chaperone-mediated autophagy.

Transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair (TC-NER) is an important genome maintenance system that preferentially removes DNA lesions on the transcribed strand of actively transcribed genes, including non-coding genes. TC-NER involves lesion recognition by the initiation complex consisting of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) and Cockayne syndrome group B (CSB), followed by NER-catalyzed lesion removal. However, the efficient lesion removal requires the initiation complex to yield the right of way to the excision machinery, and how this occurs in a timely manner is unknown.

DNAJA2 deficiency activates cGAS-STING pathway via the induction of aberrant mitosis and chromosome instability.

Molecular chaperone HSP70s are attractive targets for cancer therapy, but their substrate broadness and functional non-specificity have limited their role in therapeutical success. Functioning as HSP70's cochaperones, HSP40s determine the client specificity of HSP70s, and could be better targets for cancer therapy. Here we show that tumors defective in HSP40 member DNAJA2 are benefitted from immune-checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy.

A bibliometric analysis of microbial forensics from 1984 to 2022: progress and research trends.

Microbial forensics is a rapidly evolving discipline that has gained significant momentum in recent years. The study evaluated relevant results over the last four decades from 1984 to 2022 all over the world, aiming to analyze the growing trends and research orientations of microbial forensics. Using "microbial forensics" as the search topic in the Web of Science Core Collection, the systematic retrieval identified 579 documents relevant to the field and draw many statistical tables and maps to make the retrieval results visible.

Fermented dairy foods consumption and depressive symptoms: A meta-analysis of cohort studies.

Background: The gut-brain axis has been potentially proposed as a link between the intake of fermented dairy foods and depression. We carried out this meta-analysis on published cohort studies to estimate the overall depression risk of fermented dairy foods intake.

Methods: We searched the CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) and PubMed databases for all articles within a range of published years from 2010 to 2022 on the association between fermented dairy foods intake and depression.

Reproducibility and Validity of a Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire for Assessing Dietary Intake of Vegetarians and Omnivores in Harbin, China.

This study aims to evaluate the reproducibility and validity of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ) developed for vegetarians and omnivores in Harbin, China. Participants (36 vegetarians and 64 omnivores) administered SQFFQ at baseline (SQFFQ1) and six months later (SQFFQ2) to assess the reproducibility. The 24 h recalls (24 HRs) for three consecutive days were completed between the administrations of two SQFFQs to determine the validity.

Preparation of shell-core fiber-encapsulated Lactobacillus rhamnosus 1.0320 using coaxial electrospinning.

In this study, shell-core fibers were successfully prepared by using Eudragit S100 (ES100) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/pectin (PEC) through coaxial electrospinning technology. The electrospun fiber was characterized by attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the coaxial electrospun fiber encapsulated with Lactobacillus rhamnosus 1.

The mismatch recognition protein MutSα promotes nascent strand degradation at stalled replication forks.

Mismatch repair (MMR) is a replication-coupled DNA repair mechanism and plays multiple roles at the replication fork. The well-established MMR functions include correcting misincorporated nucleotides that have escaped the proofreading activity of DNA polymerases, recognizing nonmismatched DNA adducts, and triggering a DNA damage response. In an attempt to determine whether MMR regulates replication progression in cells expressing an ultramutable DNA polymerase ɛ (Polɛ), carrying a proline-to-arginine substitution at amino acid 286 (Polɛ-P286R), we identified an unusual MMR function in response to hydroxyurea (HU)-induced replication stress.

Soybean-Oil-Body-Substituted Low-Fat Ice Cream with Different Homogenization Pressure, Pasteurization Condition, and Process Sequence: Physicochemical Properties, Texture, and Storage Stability.

The purpose of this research was to explore the impacts of different homogenization pressures, pasteurization conditions, and process sequence on the physical and chemical properties of soybean oil body (SOB)-substituted low-fat ice cream as well as the storage stability of SOB-substituted ice cream under these process parameters. With the increase of homogenization pressure (10-30 MPa), the increase of pasteurization temperature (65 °C for 30 min-85 °C for 15 min), and the addition of SOB before homogenization, the overrun and apparent viscosity of ice cream increased significantly, and the particle size, hardness, and melting rate decreased significantly. Thus, frozen dairy products of desired quality and condition could be obtained by optimizing process parameters.

Physicochemical properties and bioactivity of polysaccharides from with different extraction processes: effects on gut microbiota and immune response in mice.

The effect of different extraction processes on the physicochemical characterization, digestibility, antioxidant activity and prebiotic activity of (ICM) fruiting body polysaccharides was studied. Furthermore, the effect of ultrasound-assisted extraction of ICM (U-ICM) on gut microbiota, the intestinal barrier and immune response was deeply explored. This study found that ICMs showed high indigestibility in both α-amylase and artificial gastric juice, indicating that ICMs have the potential as dietary fiber.

Combined with Galactooligosaccharides Supplement: A Neuroprotective Regimen Against Neurodegeneration and Memory Impairment by Regulating Short-Chain Fatty Acids and the c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Signaling Pathway in Mice.

Probiotics and prebiotics have received attention in alleviating neurodegenerative diseases. () 69-2 was combined with galactooligosaccharides (GOS) and supplemented in a d-galactose (d-gal)-induced neurodegeneration and memory impairment mice model to explore its effects on the brain and the regulation of short-chain fatty acids. The results showed that the -GOS supplementation inhibited d-gal-induced oxidative stress and increased the brain's nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) levels.

Interplay between H3K36me3, methyltransferase SETD2, and mismatch recognition protein MutSα facilitates processing of oxidative DNA damage in human cells.

Oxidative DNA damage contributes to aging and the pathogenesis of numerous human diseases including cancer. 8-hydroxyguanine (8-oxoG) is the major product of oxidative DNA lesions. Although OGG1-mediated base excision repair is the primary mechanism for 8-oxoG removal, DNA mismatch repair has also been implicated in processing oxidative DNA damage.

Effects of Soybean Oil Body as a Milk Fat Substitute on Ice Cream: Physicochemical, Sensory and Digestive Properties.

Soybean oil body (SOB) has potential as a milk fat substitute due to its ideal emulsification, stability and potential biological activity. In this study, SOB was used as a milk fat substitute to prepare ice cream, expecting to reduce the content of saturated fatty acid and improve the quality defects of ice cream products caused by the poor stability of milk fat at low temperatures. This study investigated the effect of SOB as a milk fat substitute (the substitution amount was 10-50%) on ice cream through apparent viscosity, particle size, overrun, melting, texture, sensory and digestive properties.

24 Attenuates Lipid Accumulation in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice by Regulating the Gut Microbiota.

Obesity has become a worldwide public health problem. Lactic acid bacteria have attracted extensive attention for alleviating obesity and fat accumulation. This study aimed to evaluate the alleviating effects of 24 (LP24) on lipid accumulation in an obese mouse model induced by a high-fat diet (HFD).

Comprehensive Analysis of Pertinent Genes and Pathways in Atrial Fibrillation.

Purpose: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent arrhythmia in clinical practice. The pathogenesis of AF is not yet clear. Therefore, exploring the molecular information of AF displays much importance for AF therapy.

NaCl induces flocculation and lipid oxidation of soybean oil body emulsions recovered by neutral aqueous extraction.

Background: Soybean oil bodies (SOB) are naturally pre-emulsified lipid droplets recovered directly from soybean seeds. Almost all food emulsions contain salts. However, it was not clear how the incorporation of salts affected the physicochemical stability of SOB.

DNA polymerase θ promotes CAG•CTG repeat expansions in Huntington's disease via insertion sequences of its catalytic domain.

Huntington's disease (HD), a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive dementia, psychiatric problems, and chorea, is known to be caused by CAG repeat expansions in the HD gene HTT. However, the mechanism of this pathology is not fully understood. The translesion DNA polymerase θ (Polθ) carries a large insertion sequence in its catalytic domain, which has been shown to allow DNA loop-outs in the primer strand.

Detection of 3D Arterial Centerline Extraction in Spiral CT Coronary Angiography.

This paper presents an in-depth study and analysis of the 3D arterial centerline in spiral CT coronary angiography, and constructs its detection and extraction technique. The first time, the distance transform is used to complete the boundary search of the original figure; the second time, the distance transform is used to calculate the value of the distance transform of all voxels, and according to the value of the distance transform, unnecessary voxels are deleted, to complete the initial contraction of the vascular region and reduce the computational consumption in the next process; then, the nonwitnessed voxels are used to construct the maximum inner joint sphere model and find the skeletal voxels that can reflect the shape of the original figure. Finally, the skeletal lines were optimized on these initially extracted skeletal voxels using a dichotomous-like principle to obtain the final coronary artery centerline.

Screening beneficial bacteriostatic lactic acid bacteria in the intestine and studies of bacteriostatic substances.

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a representative probiotic. As the dominant flora in the human intestinal tract, LAB can regulate the balance of human intestinal flora and improve host health. The purpose of this study was to isolate and screen LAB that are well suited to the intestinal characteristics of the Chinese population, with excellent probiotics and high antibacterial activity.

OTUB1 stabilizes mismatch repair protein MSH2 by blocking ubiquitination.

DNA mismatch repair (MMR) maintains genome stability primarily by correcting replication errors. MMR deficiency can lead to cancer development and bolsters cancer cell resistance to chemotherapy. However, recent studies have shown that checkpoint blockade therapy is effective in MMR-deficient cancers, thus the ability to identify cancer etiology would greatly benefit cancer treatment.

69-2 Combined with Galacto-Oligosaccharides Alleviates d-Galactose-Induced Aging by Regulating the AMPK/SIRT1 Signaling Pathway and Gut Microbiota in Mice.

Probiotics and prebiotics for preventing and alleviating the degenerative changes associated with aging have received extensive attention. In the present work, () 69-2 with the highest antioxidant capacity combined with galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) was used in aging model mice to evaluate the effect on aging and the regulation of gut microbiota. The combination of 69-2 and GOS supplementation could significantly ( 0.

Mispair-bound human MutS-MutL complex triggers DNA incisions and activates mismatch repair.

DNA mismatch repair (MMR) relies on MutS and MutL ATPases for mismatch recognition and strand-specific nuclease recruitment to remove mispaired bases in daughter strands. However, whether the MutS-MutL complex coordinates MMR by ATP-dependent sliding on DNA or protein-protein interactions between the mismatch and strand discrimination signal is ambiguous. Using functional MMR assays and systems preventing proteins from sliding, we show that sliding of human MutSα is required not for MMR initiation, but for final mismatch removal.