Proteomics analysis reveals a critical role for the WSSV immediate-early protein IE1 in modulating the host prophenoloxidase system.

White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is a large, enveloped, double-stranded DNA virus that threatens shrimp aquaculture worldwide. So far, the mechanisms of WSSV-host interactions are ill-defined. Recent studies have revealed that IE1, an immediate-early protein of WSSV, is a multifunctional modulator implicated in virus-host interactions.

Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase protects against deoxynivalenol-induced growth inhibition by suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokine expression.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is an inevitable contaminant in cereals for infants. Indeed, children's growth retardation caused by widespread DON pollution has become a global problem that cannot be ignored. Accumulating evidence has shown that DON stunts growth in children through pro-inflammatory cytokines.