Establishment and application of a rapid method for the determination of both total and unbound anlotinib concentrations by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

The unbound concentration of anlotinib is closely associated with its therapeutic efficacy and adverse reactions. In this study, we established an accurate and rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the detection of total and unbound concentrations of anlotinib, which was subsequently applied to clinical samples. The separation of unbound and protein-bound anlotinib was achieved through filtration-ultrafiltration (CF-UF).

Analysis of the Correlation between Frailty Index, Clinical Characteristics, Use of Anti-Epileptic Drug, and Prognosis in Elderly Patients with Epilepsy.

Background: Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder among the elderly, often leading to significant morbidity. Therefore, it is necessary to study the correlation between the frailty index, clinical characteristics of epilepsy, use of anti-epileptic drug, and the prognosis of elderly patients with epilepsy.

Methods: This retrospective study included 106 elderly patients with epilepsy who were treated at the Affiliated Mindong Hospital, Fujian Medical University, China, between January 2018 and December 2022.

Circular RNAs in programmed cell death: Regulation mechanisms and potential clinical applications in cancer: A review.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of non-coding RNAs with covalently closed structures formed by reverse splicing of precursor mRNAs. The widespread expression of circRNAs across species has been revealed by high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics approaches, indicating their unique properties and diverse functions including acting as microRNA sponges and interacting with RNA-binding proteins. Programmed cell death (PCD), encompassing various forms such as apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis, is an essential process for maintaining normal development and homeostasis in the human body by eliminating damaged, infected, and aging cells.

Polydopamine-Based Biomaterials in Orthopedic Therapeutics: Properties, Applications, and Future Perspectives.

Polydopamine is a versatile and modifiable polymer, known for its excellent biocompatibility and adhesiveness. It can also be engineered into a variety of nanoparticles and biomaterials for drug delivery, functional modification, making it an excellent choice to enhance the prevention and treatment of orthopedic diseases. Currently, the application of polydopamine biomaterials in orthopedic disease prevention and treatment is in its early stages, despite some initial achievements.

Sargassum polysaccharide attenuates osteoarthritis in rats and is associated with the up-regulation of the ITGβ1-PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) presents a formidable challenge, characterized by as-yet-unclear mechanical intricacies within cartilage and the dysregulation of bone homeostasis. Our preliminary data revealed the encouraging potential of a Sargassum polysaccharide (SP), in promoting chondrogenesis. The aim of our study is to comprehensively assess the therapeutic effects of SP on OA models and further elucidate its potential mechanism.

Metformin improves insulin resistance, liver healthy and abnormal hepatic glucolipid metabolism via IR/PIK/AKT pathway in Ctenopharyngodon idella fed a high-carbohydrate diet.

The effects and underlying mechanisms of metformin which can improve glucose homeostasis of fish have rarely been explored. This experiment aimed to explore the influence of metformin on growth performance, body composition, liver health, hepatic glucolipid metabolic capacity and IR/PIK/AKT pathway in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) fed high-carbohydrate diets. A normal diet (Control) and high carbohydrate diets with metformin supplementation (0.

A developed and validated centrifugal ultrafiltration coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for rapid quantification of unbound lenvatinib in human plasma.

In clinical practice, the determination of unbound drug concentration is very important for dose adjustment and toxicity prediction because only the unbound fraction can achieve a pharmacological effect. A fast, sensitive and accurate analytical method of centrifugal ultrafiltration coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and applied to allow the quantification of unbound lenvatinib concentration. The application of linear regression analysis was used to examine the effects of centrifugal force, centrifugal time, and protein content on ultrafiltrate volume (V).

Effects of toothpaste containing inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Probio-01 on plaque-induced gingivitis and dental plaque microbiota.

Plaque-induced gingivitis is an inflammatory response in gingival tissues resulting from bacterial plaque accumulation at the gingival margin. Postbiotics can promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria and optimise the state of microbiota in the oral cavity. In this study, we investigated the effect of inactivated Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Probio-01 on plaque-induced gingivitis and the dental plaque microbiota.

NIR and magnetism dual-response multi-core magnetic vortex nanoflowers for boosting magneto-photothermal cancer therapy.

Due to the relatively low efficiency of magnetic hyperthermia and photothermal conversion, it is rather challenging for magneto-photothermal nanoagents to be used as an effective treatment during tumor hyperthermal therapy. The advancement of magnetic nanoparticles exhibiting a vortex-domain structure holds great promise as a viable strategy to enhance the application performance of conventional magnetic nanoparticles while retaining their inherent biocompatibility. Here, we report the development of MnZnFeO nanoflowers with ellipsoidal magnetic cores, and show them as effective nanoagents for magneto-photothermal synergistic therapy.

Case Report: Successful Treatment of Cerebral Phaeohyphomycosis with Voriconazole: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Fonsecaea monophora is a species of Fonsecaea that belongs to Chaetothyriales. It is usually isolated from tropical and subtropical regions, causing reactive inflammation, skin abscesses, and pain. Cerebral infection caused by F.

A preoperative nomogram predicting risk of lymph node metastasis for early-stage cervical cancer.

Objective: This study aimed to develop a preoperative nomogram based on clinical and pathological characteristics to provide a more individualized and accurate estimation of lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with early-stage cervical cancer.

Methods: A total of 7,349 early-stage cervical cancer patients with pathologically confirmed between 1988 and 2015 were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. All the patients were divided into training (n = 5,500) and validation (n = 1,849) cohorts randomly.

Hollow spherical MnZnFeO nanoparticles with a magnetic vortex configuration for enhanced magnetic hyperthermia efficacy.

Conventional magnetic nanoagents in cancer hyperthermia therapy suffer from a low magnetic heating efficiency. To address this issue, researchers have pursued magnetic nanoparticles with topological magnetic domain structures, such as the vortex-domain structure, to enhance the magnetic heating performance of conventional nanoparticles while maintaining excellent biocompatibility. In this study, we synthesized hollow spherical MnZnFeO (MZF-HS) nanoparticles using a straightforward solvothermal method, yielding samples with an average outer diameter of approximately 350 nm and an average inner diameter of about 220 nm.

Transcription factors MdMYC2 and MdMYB85 interact with ester aroma synthesis gene MdAAT1 in apple.

Volatile esters in apple (Malus domestica) fruit are the critical aroma components determining apple flavor quality. While the exact molecular regulatory mechanism remains unknown, jasmonic acid (JA) plays a crucial role in stimulating the synthesis of ester aromas in apples. In our study, we investigated the effects of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on the production of ester aroma in apples.

Drug-drug interactions and dose management of BTK inhibitors when initiating nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (paxlovid) based on physiologically-based pharmacokinetic models.

Objective: Co-administration of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir is challenging because of potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs). However, clinical trials specifically evaluating such DDIs are absent. To evaluate and quantify the DDIs between them and provide rational dose management strategies of BTK inhibitors, we conducted this study using physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models.

Advanced Glycation End Products: A Comprehensive Review of Their Detection and Occurrence in Food.

The Maillard reaction (MR) is a complicated chemical process that has been extensively studied. Harmful chemicals known as advanced glycation end products (AGEs), with complex structures and stable chemical characteristics, are created during the final stage of the MR. AGEs can be formed both during the thermal processing of food and in the human body.

An Optimized LC-MS/MS Method for Quantification of Sunitinib and N -Desethyl Sunitinib in Human Plasma and Its Application for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring.

Background: Sunitinib (SUN) malate is an oral, multitargeted, tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma, imatinib-resistant or imatinib-intolerant gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. SUN has a narrow therapeutic window and high variability in interpatient pharmacokinetic parameters. Clinical detection methods for SUN and N -desethyl SUN limit the application of SUN to therapeutic drug monitoring.

Design of experiments (DoE) to develop and to optimize extraction of psychoactive substances.

The design of experiments (DoE) method was employed to optimize the adsorption processes of seven psychoactive substances in magnetic solid phase extraction. FeO/GO/ZIF-8 was utilized as an adsorbent for the efficient extraction of psychoactive substances from environmental water samples. The analytes were ephedrine, methylephedrine, amphetamine, methamphetamine, morphine, papaverine, and thebaine, which were determined by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Use of modeling and simulation to predict the influence of triazole antifungal agents on the pharmacokinetics of zanubrutinib and acalabrutinib.

Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors are commonly used in the targeted therapy of B-cell malignancies. It is reported that myelosuppression and fungal infections might occur during antitumor therapy of BTK inhibitors, therefore a combination therapy with triazole antifungals is usually required. To evaluate the influence of different triazoles (voriconazole, fluconazole, itraconazole) on the pharmacokinetics of BTK inhibitors (zanubrutinib, acalabrutinib) and to quantify the drug-drug interactions (DDIs) between them.

Supplementing artemisinin positively influences growth, antioxidant capacity, immune response, gut health and disease resistance against Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Litopenaeus vannamei fed cottonseed protein concentrate meal diets.

Artemisinin (ART) is a kind of Chinese herbal medicine worth exploring, which obtains various physiological activities. In order to study the prebiotic effect of ART on Litopenaeus vannamei fed cottonseed protein concentrate meal diets, six groups of isonitrogenous and isolipid diets were prepared (including the fish meal control group, FM; cottonseed protein concentrate replacing 30% fishmeal protein and supplementing ART groups: ART0, ART0.3, ART0.

Identification of Adipocytokine Pathway-Related Genes in Epilepsy and Its Effect on the Peripheral Immune Landscape.

Epilepsy is a multifactorial neurological disorder with recurrent epileptic seizures. Current research stresses both inflammatory and autoimmune conditions as enablers in the pathophysiological process of epilepsy. In view of the growing concern about the role of adipocytokines in antiepileptic and modulating immune responses, we aimed to investigate the relevance of the adipocytokine signaling pathway in the pathological process of epilepsy and its impacts on peripheral immune characteristics.

MdERF1B-MdMYC2 module integrates ethylene and jasmonic acid to regulate the biosynthesis of anthocyanin in apple.

Ethylene and jasmonic acid (JA) are crucial hormones that promote anthocyanin synthesis in apple ( × ) However, the mechanism by which these hormones cooperate to modulate anthocyanin production in apple is unclear. According to our results, expression was strongly induced by ethylene and JA. Physiological phenotypes and the results of molecular biological analyses indicated that encodes a positive regulator of anthocyanin synthesis.

Lysine-Tethered Stable Bicyclic Cationic Antimicrobial Peptide Combats Bacterial Infection in Vivo.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have attracted great attention as next generation antibiotics for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections. Poor proteolytic stability has however undermined clinical applications of AMPs. A novel peptide cyclization approach is described to enhance the antibacterial activity of AMPs.

Stimuli-Responsive Gold Nanocages for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.

With advances in nanotechnology, various new drug delivery systems (DDSs) have emerged and played a key role in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. Over the last two decades, gold nanocages (AuNCs) have been attracting considerable attention because of their outstanding properties. This review summarizes current advancements in endogenous, exogenous, and dual/multi-stimuli responsive AuNCs in drug delivery.