Multidimensional quantitative characterization of periocular morphology: distinguishing esotropia from epicanthus by deep learning network.

Background: Prominent epicanthus could not only diminish the eyes' aesthetics but may be deceptive for its typical appearance of pseudo-esotropia. This study aims to apply a deep learning model to characterize the periocular morphology for preliminary identification.

Methods: This prospective study consecutively included 300 subjects visiting the ophthalmology department in a tertiary referral hospital.

Global research of artificial intelligence in eyelid diseases: A bibliometric analysis.

Purpose: To generate an overview of global research on artificial intelligence (AI) in eyelid diseases using a bibliometric approach.

Methods: All publications related to AI in eyelid diseases from 1900 to 2023 were retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database. After manual screening, 98 publications published between 2000 and 2023 were finally included.

Evaluation and application of a Chinese version symptom questionnaire for visual dysfunctions (CSQVD) in school-age children.

Objective: To develop and evaluate a Chinese version of the Symptom Questionnaire for Visual Dysfunctions (CSQVD) to quantify visual dysfunction symptoms in school-age children with various eye diseases, and to explore the relationship between ophthalmological disorders and visual dysfunction symptoms.

Methods: Following standard scale adaptation procedures, the Symptom Questionnaire for Visual Dysfunctions (SQVD) was translated into Chinese (CSQVD). We employed random sampling to survey 198 outpatients aged 7-18 to assess the psychometric properties of the CSQVD.

Automatic Measurement and Comparison of Normal Eyelid Contour by Age and Gender Using Image-Based Deep Learning.

Purpose: This study aimed to propose a fully automatic eyelid measurement system and compare the contours of both the upper and lower eyelids of normal individuals according to age and gender.

Design: Prospective study.

Participants: Five hundred and forty healthy Chinese aged 0 to 79 years in a tertiary hospital were included.

Transcriptomic analysis reveals the critical role of chemokine signaling in the anti-atherosclerosis effect of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The process of atherosclerosis (AS) is complicated. Transcriptomics technology can assist in discovering the underlying mechanisms and exploring the key targets of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) against atherosclerosis.

Aim: This study aimed to investigate targets and signaling pathways significantly related to AS and the potential intervention targets of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction by transcriptomics.

Mechanism of Qili Qiangxin Capsule for Heart Failure Based on miR133a-Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.

Objective: To investigate the pharmacological mechanism of Qili Qiangxin Capsule (QLQX) improvement of heart failure (HF) based on miR133a-endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathway.

Methods: A left coronary artery ligation-induced HF after myocardial infarction model was used in this study. Rats were randomly assigned to the sham group, the model group, the QLQX group [0.

Application of artificial intelligence in oculoplastics.

Oculoplastics is a subspecialty of ophthalmology/dermatology concerned with eyelid, orbital, and lacrimal diseases. Artificial intelligence (AI), with its powerful ability to analyze large data sets, has dramatically benefited oculoplastics. The cutting-edge AI technology is widely applied to extract ocular parameters and to use these results for further assessment, such as screening and diagnosis of blepharoptosis and predicting the progression of thyroid eye disease.

Sex difference in incidence of major depressive disorder: an analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a leading mental disorder causing severe impairment. This study was aimed to evaluate sex difference in global MDD incidence by year, age, and socioeconomic status, according to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019).

Methods: Global and national sex-specific incidence estimates of MDD, from 1990 to 2019, in different age groups, were extracted from the GBD 2019.

Retinogenesis in a Dish: Bibliometric Analysis and Visualization of Retinal Organoids From 2011 to 2022.

Retinal organoid (RO) is the three-dimensional (3D) retinal culture derived from pluripotent or embryonic stem cells which recapitulates organ functions, which was a revolutionary milestone in stem cell technology. The purpose of this study is to explore the hotspots and future directions on ROs, as well as to better understand the fields of greatest research opportunities. Eligible publications related to RO from 2011 to 2022 were acquired from the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database.

Expression of the CIC-DUX4 fusion oncoprotein mimics human CIC-rearranged sarcoma in genetically engineered mouse models.

CIC-DUX4 sarcoma (CDS) is a rare but highly aggressive undifferentiated small round cell sarcoma driven by a fusion between the tumor suppressor Capicua (CIC) and DUX4. Currently, there are no effective treatments and efforts to identify and translate better therapies are limited by the scarcity of tissues and patients. To address this limitation, we generated three genetically engineered mouse models of CDS (Ch7CDS, Ai9CDS, and TOPCDS).

Global research of artificial intelligence in strabismus: a bibliometric analysis.

Purpose: To analyze the global publications on artificial intelligence (AI) in strabismus using a bibliometric approach.

Methods: The Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database was used to retrieve all of the publications on AI in strabismus from 2002 to 2023. We analyzed the publication and citation trend and identified highly-cited articles, prolific countries, institutions, authors and journals, relevant research domains and keywords.

Efficacy of augmented-dosed surgery versus botulinum toxin A injection for acute acquired concomitant esotropia: a 2-year follow-up.

Background/aims: This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) injection and augmented-dosed surgery in the treatment of acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE), and explore potential risk factors associated with recurrence.

Methods: A total of 104 patients diagnosed with AACE between October 2020 and January 2021 were included and voluntarily chose to undergo augmented surgery or BTXA injection. The follow-up assessments ended in November 2022.

Diagnosing Systemic Disorders with AI Algorithms Based on Ocular Images.

The advent of artificial intelligence (AI), especially the state-of-the-art deep learning frameworks, has begun a silent revolution in all medical subfields, including ophthalmology. Due to their specific microvascular and neural structures, the eyes are anatomically associated with the rest of the body. Hence, ocular image-based AI technology may be a useful alternative or additional screening strategy for systemic diseases, especially where resources are scarce.

Gender Disparities in the Global Burden of Refractive Disorders in Children: An Analysis From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Purpose: To investigate gender disparities in the global burden of refractive disorders in children younger than 15 years by year, age, and national developmental status using disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

Methods: Global, regional, and national gender-specific DALY numbers and rates of refractive disorders in children were obtained by year (from 1990 to 2019) and age group (0 to 4, 5 to 9, and 10 to 14 years) from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Data from the Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index in 2019 as an indicator of national developmental status were extracted from the Human Development Report.

Physical appearance perfectionism in blepharoplasty patients: A prospective observational study.

Background: Evaluation of physical appearance perfectionism (PAP) in individuals seeking blepharoplasty would be meaningful. This study aimed to explore the relationship of demographic and psychological variables with PAP in blepharoplasty patients and further investigate the impact of blepharoplasty on PAP in these patients.

Methods: This prospective observational study included 153 patients undergoing blepharoplasty between October 2017 and June 2019.

A novel standardized approach for the 3D evaluation of upper eyelid area and volume.

Background: Three-dimensional (3D) surface imaging and morphometrics are becoming the preferred craniofacial surface imaging modality. However, as a unique advantage of 3D imaging, areal and volumetric measurements have been rarely conducted and validated for evaluating soft tissue change in the periocular region, especially the upper eyelids. Therefore, based on an existing periocular landmark identification strategy, we proposed a novel modified method to define a standardized upper eyelid region for areal and volumetric measurements and validate its reliability for future clinical application.

Deep learning-based image analysis of eyelid morphology in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.

Background: We aimed to propose a deep learning-based approach to automatically measure eyelid morphology in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO).

Methods: This prospective study consecutively included 74 eyes of patients with TAO and 74 eyes of healthy volunteers visiting the ophthalmology department in a tertiary hospital. Patients diagnosed as TAO and healthy volunteers who were age- and gender-matched met the eligibility criteria for recruitment.

Bioinformatics prediction and experimental verification of a novel microRNA for myocardial fibrosis after myocardial infarction in rats.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous noncoding single-stranded small RNAs. Numerous studies have shown that miRNAs have pivotal roles in the occurrence and development of myocardial fibrosis (MF). However, miRNA expression profile in rats with MF after myocardial infarction (MI) is not well understood.

Automated photographic analysis of inferior oblique overaction based on deep learning.

Background: Inferior oblique overaction (IOOA) is a common ocular motility disorder. This study aimed to propose a novel deep learning-based approach to automatically evaluate the amount of IOOA.

Methods: This prospective study included 106 eyes of 72 consecutive patients attending the strabismus clinic in a tertiary referral hospital.

Association between Healthy Eating Index-2015 and Age-Related Cataract in American Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study of NHANES 2005-2008.

Background: Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), a healthy eating pattern proposed by Dietary Guidelines for Americans, is proven to be protective against various diseases. However, whether it is associated with age-related cataracts is unknown.

Methods: This population-based cross-sectional study included 6395 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in the cycles from 2005 to 2008.

Overview of global publications on machine learning in diabetic retinopathy from 2011 to 2021: Bibliometric analysis.

Purpose: To comprehensively analyze and discuss the publications on machine learning (ML) in diabetic retinopathy (DR) following a bibliometric approach.

Methods: The global publications on ML in DR from 2011 to 2021 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. We analyzed the publication and citation trend over time and identified highly-cited articles, prolific countries, institutions, journals and the most relevant research domains.

A Fully Automatic Postoperative Appearance Prediction System for Blepharoptosis Surgery with Image-based Deep Learning.

Purpose: To automatically predict the postoperative appearance of blepharoptosis surgeries and evaluate the generated images both objectively and subjectively in a clinical setting.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Participants: This study involved 970 pairs of images of 450 eyes from 362 patients undergoing blepharoptosis surgeries at our oculoplastic clinic between June 2016 and April 2021.

Effect of WenXin KeLi on Improvement of Arrhythmia after Myocardial Infarction by Intervening PI3K-AKT-mTOR Autophagy Pathway.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is an acute and serious cardiovascular disease. Arrhythmia after MI can lead to sudden cardiac death, which seriously affects the survival outcome of patients. WenXin KeLi is a Chinese patent medicine for the treatment of arrhythmia in a clinic, which can significantly improve symptoms of palpitation and play an important role in reducing the risk of arrhythmia after MI.