Kirenol alleviates cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by reducing oxidative stress and ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction via activating the CK2/AKT pathway.

Ischemic stroke represents a predominant cause of morbidity and mortality globally, resulting from abrupt vascular occlusion or rupture, which precipitates considerable neuronal damage. This study aims to shed more light on the specific neuroprotective mechanisms of Kirenol, a bioactive diterpene derived from traditional herbal medicine, with a particular focus on its regulation of mitochondrial dynamics via the CK2/AKT signalling pathway and its impact on the mitochondrial fusion protein Optic atrophy 1 (Opa1). The effects of Kirenol on neuronal viability, mitochondrial function, and pertinent signalling pathways were evaluated by employing a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model in rats and subjecting HT22 neuronal cells to oxidative stress.

Analysis of the current status and characteristics of osteoporosis in adult hemophilia patients based on high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography: a case control study.

Background: Current research on osteoporosis (OP) in hemophilia is insufficient. The suitability of high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) for evaluating osteoporosis in hemophilia remains unclear.

Aim: To investigate the current status of osteoporosis and the applicability of HR-pQCT in adult hemophilia patients.

Highly Efficient Separation of Toluene and n-heptane by Amorphous Cucurbit[7]uril Solids.

Separating toluene from n-heptane is a challenging task in the petroleum industry. Traditional methods face problems including elevated energy usage, intricate technical procedures, and residual extractants. Herein, we developed an environmentally friendly, low energy consuming and economically efficient adsorption separation method.

Research progress and perspectives of dual-target inhibitors.

The occurrence and development of diseases are complex, and single-target drugs that affect only a single target or pathway often fail to achieve the expected therapeutic effect. The simultaneous effect on two key targets could not only increase patient tolerance but also accelerate disease remission. Dual-target inhibitors have already been studied the most intensively in the development of dual-target drugs.

Electrochemical reduction boosted Luminol cathodic electrochemiluminescence for trace chiral recognition of alanine enantiomers.

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is highly recommended in chiral recognition. ECL-based chiral sensors highly desire a sensitive sensing interface for signal conversion and absolute chiral discrimination. The ECL emission based on a luminol-dissolved O system received much attention due to its nontoxicity and stability.

Discovery of novel pyrimidinetrione derivatives as DprE1 inhibitors with potent antimycobacterial activities.

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the ten major factors threatening human life and health. At present, many factors limit the application of existing anti-tuberculosis drugs, such as a small range of available drug options, poor treatment compliance, and severe toxic and side effects. It is extremely urgent to develop novel anti-tuberculosis drugs.

Comprehensive Quality Evaluation and Botanical Differentiation of Typhae Pollen Using UHPLC-DAD/Q-TOF-MS and Multivariate Chemometric Analysis.

Introduction: In China, Typhae Pollen (TP) has been extensively utilized as a medicinal product, which is the dried pollen from the male inflorescences of Typha angustifolia L. (TA), Typha orientalis Presl (TO), or species within the same genus. However, existing methods for differentiating the botanical origin and controlling the quality of TP are confusing, unreliable, and unsystematic.

Patient-derived tumor xenograft animal model of gastric cancer in precision chemotherapy.

This study aims to establish a patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDX) model for gastric cancer and apply it in pharmacodynamic studies for chemotherapeutic agents. So as to provide guidance for personalized treatment in gastric cancer patients. Fresh gastric cancer tissues were collected from surgical patients and transplanted into NOG mice to establish PDX model.

Digital Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-Specific Exercises for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The effectiveness of a training support program of individually tailored physiotherapeutic scoliosis-specific exercises (PSSEs) delivered via a digital care system is unclear.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of a digital care program in which patients receive PSSE supervision and guidance via the Healbone Intelligent Rehabilitation System and educational videos compared with a conventional intervention involving 3 treatment sessions conducted by qualified physiotherapists at outpatient clinics or specialized orthopedic institutions and unsupervised home-based PSSE training.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This randomized clinical trial recruited patients aged 9 to 17 years from Peking Union Medical College Hospital in Beijing, China, who had adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with a primary curve Cobb angle of 10° or greater and skeletal immaturity (as determined via the Risser grading system).

Terpenoids and steroids from the whole plants of Euphorbia wallichii and their protective effects on STZ-induced damage in INS-1 cells.

The research on the whole plant of Euphorbia wallichii led to the identification of two undescribed compounds, (1R,4S,5S,10S)-10-hydroxyacorenone B and (5R,9R,18S,20S,25R,26S,27S,28R)-D:C-friedolupane-3-oxo-7-ene, together with 32 known compounds. Their chemical structures were determined through detailed spectroscopic data analyses and electronic circular dichroism measurements. The terpenoids and steroids found in Euphorbia wallichii have been identified to exhibit a diverse array of biological activities.

Flavones with anti-inflammatory activity isolated from the branches and leaves of Daphne retusa.

Daphne retusa belongs to the Daphne genus of Thymelaeaceae, which is widespread in northwest China, and its roots and stem bark are commonly used in Chinese folk medicine to treat rheumatism and congestion. In this study, four new (1-4) and eleven known (5-15) flavones were isolated from the branches and leaves of Daphne retusa, including six monomeric flavones (2-7) and nine dimeric flavones (1, 8-15). On the basis of chemical evidence and spectral data analysis (UV, ECD, NMR, and HR-ESI-MS), the structures of compounds 1-4 was elucidated.

CRIP1 inhibits cutaneous melanoma progression through TFAM-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis.

Metastasis is the leading cause of death in patients with cutaneous melanoma. CRIP1 (cysteine-rich protein 1) has been reported to be associated with malignant progression of several cancers. However, the biological function and underlying mechanisms of CRIP1 in melanoma progression are largely unknown.

Diverse Care Needs Assessment for Older Adults in China: A Latent Profile Analysis Study.

Background: Grasping the nuanced needs of older adults is paramount for the efficacious provision of day-care services. Our study sought to identify the demand patterns for day-care services in China and to explore the underlying factors. This study aims to offer useful evidence that can refine nursing care strategies and guide policy development within day-care settings.

Current advances on the phytochemistry, pharmacology, quality control and applications of .

(Wall.) Lindl. (AR) is a perennial herb that has long been used as medicinal and edible plant.

C-diterpenoid alkaloids isolated from Delphinium forrestii var. viride.

Delphinium forrestii var. viride is a plant of the genus Delphinium in the family Ranunculaceae. The chemical composition of the 95% ethanol extract of the whole herb of D.

Proteomics: An In-Depth Review on Recent Technical Advances and Their Applications in Biomedicine.

Proteins hold pivotal importance since many diseases manifest changes in protein activity. Proteomics techniques provide a comprehensive exploration of protein structure, abundance, and function in biological samples, enabling the holistic characterization of overall changes in organisms. Nowadays, the breadth of emerging methodologies in proteomics is unprecedentedly vast, with constant optimization of technologies in sample processing, data collection, data analysis, and its scope of application is steadily transitioning from the bench to the clinic.

Transdermal delivery of natural products against atopic dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition. Natural products have gained traction in AD treatment due to their accessibility, low toxicity, and favorable pharmacological properties. However, their application is primarily constrained by poor solubility, instability, and limited permeability.

Incremental Value of Shear Wave Elastography and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in the Differential Diagnosis of Breast Non-Mass-Like Lesions.

Objective: To analyse the parameters of shear wave elastography (SWE) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in breast non-mass-like lesions (NMLs) and to evaluate the added diagnostic value of SWE and CEUS when combined with B-mode ultrasound (US) for differentiating NMLs.

Methods: A total of 118 NMLs from 115 patients underwent US, SWE, and CEUS examinations. The SWE parameter with the highest areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves (Az) and independent variables of CEUS obtained by logistic regression were used to adjust the BI-RADS-US (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System for Ultrasound) classification.

Unraveling the causal pathways of maternal smoking and breastfeeding in the development of neuropsychiatric disorders: A Mendelian randomization perspective.

Background: Maternal smoking around birth (MSAB) and early-life breastfeeding (BAB) represent critical factors that may exert enduring effects on neuropsychiatric health. Although previous research has examined these exposures separately, the combined impact of both on disorders such as ADHD, ASD, BD, MDD, ANX, and SCZ remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the causal relationships between MSAB and BAB and the risk of developing these neuropsychiatric disorders through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Association between microplastics and the functionalities of human gut microbiome.

As an integral part of humans, the gut microbiome plays a significant role in the physiological and pathological processes of the host, and dysbiosis of the gut microbiome is linked to various diseases. The impact of microplastics on the diversity and composition of human gut microbiome has been reported previously. However, effects of microplastics on the functionality of the gut microbiome in humans have not been well studied.

[Two new α-carbonylamides from Corydalis Rhizoma].

Corydalis Rhizoma is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for regulating Qi and relieving pain in clinical practice, with remarkable efficacy. However, its pharmacodynamic substances are not yet fully understood and require further research. In this study, 24 compounds were isolated and identified from the aqueous extracts of vinegar-processed Corydalis Rhizoma using techniques such as macroporous adsorption resin column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography.

Nzf2 promotes oligodendrocyte differentiation and regeneration via repressing HDAC1-mediated histone deacetylation.

Proper axonal myelination and function of the vertebrate central nervous system rely largely on the timely differentiation of oligodendrocytes (OLs), yet key regulatory factors remain enigmatic. Our study reveals neural zinc finger (Nzf2) as a crucial orchestrator that controls the timing of OL differentiation both during development and myelin repair, contrasting with its previously suggested role in direct myelin gene regulation. ablation delays the onset of OL differentiation, while hyperactivation stimulates OL differentiation both during development and remyelination.

Polyphenolics and triterpenoids from the whole herbs of Melastoma dodecandrum Lour. and their anti-inflammatory activity.

Melastoma dodecandrum Lour. is a creeping shrub belonging to the Melastomataceae family. It has been widely used as a medicine and food in South China and is recognized as a safe and effective anti-inflammatory agent.

Hyperactivation of Hedgehog signaling impedes myelin development and repair via cholesterol dysregulation in oligodendrocytes.

The failure to remyelinate demyelinated axons poses a significant challenge in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Here, we investigated the role of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling in myelin formation during development and under pathological conditions. Using conditional gain-of-function analyses, we found that hyperactivation of Hh signaling in oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) inhibits oligodendrocyte (OL) differentiation and myelination.