Glutamine-αKG axis affects dentin regeneration and regulates osteo/odontogenic differentiation of mesenchymal adult stem cells via IGF2 m6A modification.

Background: Multi-lineage differentiation of mesenchymal adult stem cells (m-ASCs) is crucial for tissue regeneration and accompanied with metabolism reprogramming, among which dental-pulp-derived m-ASCs has obvious advantage of easy accessibility. Stem cell fate determination and differentiation are closely related to metabolism status in cell microenvironment, which could actively interact with epigenetic modification. In recent years, glutamine-α-ketoglutarate (αKG) axis was proved to be related to aging, tumorigenesis, osteogenesis etc.

ResNet-Transformer deep learning model-aided detection of dens evaginatus.

Background: Dens evaginatus is a dental morphological developmental anomaly. Failing to detect it may lead to tubercles fracture and pulpal/periapical disease. Consequently, early detection and intervention of dens evaginatus are significant to preserve vital pulp.

Multiplexed Assay for Small-Molecule Quantification via Photo-cross-linking of Structure Switching Aptamers.

There is an unmet need for molecular detection assays that enable the multiplexed quantification of small-molecule analytes. We present xPlex, an assay that combines aptamer switches with ultraviolet-cross-linkable complementary strands to record target-binding events. When the aptamer's small-molecule target is present, the cross-linkable strand is displaced, enabling PCR amplification and detection of the relevant aptamer.

Functional Amino Acids in the Regulation of Bone and Its Diseases.

Bone as a vigorous tissue is constantly undergoing bone remodeling. The homeostasis of bone remodeling requires combined efforts of multifarious bone cells. Amino acids (AA), known as essential components of life support, are closely related to the regulation of bone homeostasis.

Caries-Prone Primary Teeth: A Hidden Reason and Prophylactic Treatment in the Viewpoint of Materials Science.

Dental caries, the most prevalent chronic disease across all age groups, has a high prevalence, particularly among children. However, there is no specific and effective treatment for the prevention of caries in primary teeth (Pr.T.

Salicin alleviates periodontitis via Tas2r143/gustducin signaling in fibroblasts.

Introduction: Cells expressing taste signaling elements in non-gustatory tissues have been described as solitary chemosensory cells (SCCs) or tuft cells. These "taste-like" cells play a critical role in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Although the expression of SCC markers and taste signaling constituents has been identified in mouse gingivae, their role in periodontal homeostasis is still unclear.

Histone-modifying enzymes: Roles in odontogenesis and beyond.

Objectives: Odontogenesis, an intricate process initiated by epithelium-mesenchyme interaction, is meticulously regulated by a cascade of regulatory mechanisms. Epigenetic modifications, especially histone modification, have been found to exhibit spatiotemporal specificity during tooth development. However, the expression patterns and roles of enzymes associated with histone modifications have yet to be systematically explored in odontogenesis.

UCHL1 is a potential molecular indicator and therapeutic target for neuroendocrine carcinomas.

Neuroendocrine carcinomas, such as neuroendocrine prostate cancer and small-cell lung cancer, commonly have a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. We report that ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1), a deubiquitinating enzyme, is elevated in tissues and plasma from patients with neuroendocrine carcinomas. Loss of UCHL1 decreases tumor growth and inhibits metastasis of these malignancies.

MicroRNA-93-5p regulates odontogenic differentiation and dentin formation via KDM6B.

Background: Epigenetic factors influence the odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells and play indispensable roles during tooth development. Some microRNAs can epigenetically regulate other epigenetic factors like DNA methyltransferases and histone modification enzymes, functioning as epigenetic-microRNAs. In our previous study, microarray analysis suggested microRNA-93-5p (miR-93-5p) was differentially expressed during the bell stage in human tooth germ.

Engineered extracellular vesicles for delivering functional Cas9/gRNA to eliminate hepatitis B virus cccDNA and integration.

The persistence of HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) and HBV integration into the host genome in infected hepatocytes pose significant challenges to the cure of chronic HBV infection. Although CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing shows promise for targeted clearance of viral genomes, a safe and efficient delivery method is currently lacking. Here, we developed a novel approach by combining light-induced heterodimerization and protein acylation to enhance the loading efficiency of Cas9 protein into extracellular vesicles (EVs).

Different Sources of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Comparison of Subchondral, Mandibular, and Tibia Bone-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Background: Stem cell properties vary considerably based on the source and tissue site of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The mandibular condyle is a unique kind of craniofacial bone with a special structure and a relatively high remodeling rate. MSCs here may also be unique to address specific physical needs.

Mechanism of the pore and molecular structure evolution of coal exposed to acid mine drainage (AMD).

In the post-extraction epoch, wastewater from mining activities, particularly acid mine drainage (AMD) residing in sulfur-laden coal terrains, assumes a pivotal role in the safety stewardship of decommissioned coal mines. This research aims to investigate the mechanism behind coal characteristic deterioration from prolonged exposure to AMD. Immersion assays were performed on coal samples across pH 2 to 5 to assess the impact of acid mine drainage.

An antibody-based molecular switch for continuous small-molecule biosensing.

We present a generalizable approach for designing biosensors that can continuously detect small-molecule biomarkers in real time and without sample preparation. This is achieved by converting existing antibodies into target-responsive "antibody-switches" that enable continuous optical biosensing. To engineer these switches, antibodies are linked to a molecular competitor through a DNA scaffold, such that competitive target binding induces scaffold switching and fluorescent signaling of changing target concentrations.

Appropriate timing of treatment contributes to better root development of impacted anterior teeth in children.

Introduction: This study investigated the effects of different timings of orthodontic treatment on the root development of impacted anterior teeth in children.

Methods: The cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) data of 45 children with impacted anterior teeth were divided into unformed root (UR) group or basically formed root (BFR) group to evaluate root length (RL) and root growth length (RGL) of impacted teeth and contralateral nonimpacted teeth pretreatment and posttreatment. In addition, 22 patients with impacted dilaceration were selected to assess the effects of the crown-root angle and root development stage on RL and RGL.

Tooth loss, denture use, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in older adults: a community cohort study.

Objectives: The available evidence on the connections between tooth loss, denture use, and mortality from all causes or specific causes among older adults is inconclusive. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between tooth loss, denture use, and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in older adults.

Methods: A cohort of 5,403 participants aged 65 and older were recruited in the 2014 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey wave and followed up in the 2018 wave.

Global bibliometric mapping of dental development research for the period 2012-2021.

Background: Dental development is a complex long-term biological process, significant attention should be paid to the dental development and health of this critical time window in childhood for the oral health of the whole life cycle.

Aim: This study aimed to conduct bibliometric studies on the scientific outputs of global dental development research by the CiteSpace software.

Design: The global scientific outputs about dental development between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2021, retrieved from Web of Science Core Collection, CiteSpace, and Microsoft Excel were applied for this bibliometric study.

LncRNA CARMN facilitates odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp cells by impairing EZH2.

Objective: This study aimed to reveal the potential role of CARMN in odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp cells (DPCs).

Methods: Laser capture microdissection was used to detect Carmn in DPCs and odontoblasts in P0 mice. After manipulating CARMN expression in odontogenic differentiation induced hDPCs, the state of odontogenic differentiation was evaluated by ALP staining, ARS, and related marker expression in qRT-PCR and western blotting.

Genome-wide identification of Brassicaceae histone modification genes and their responses to abiotic stresses in allotetraploid rapeseed.

Background: Histone modification is an important epigenetic regulatory mechanism and essential for stress adaptation in plants. However, systematic analysis of histone modification genes (HMs) in Brassicaceae species is lacking, and their roles in response to abiotic stress have not yet been identified.

Results: In this study, we identified 102 AtHMs, 280 BnaHMs, 251 BcHMs, 251 BjHMs, 144 BnHMs, 155 BoHMs, 137 BrHMs, 122 CrHMs, and 356 CsHMs in nine Brassicaceae species, respectively.

A massively parallel screening platform for converting aptamers into molecular switches.

Aptamer-based molecular switches that undergo a binding-induced conformational change have proven valuable for a wide range of applications, such as imaging metabolites in cells, targeted drug delivery, and real-time detection of biomolecules. Since conventional aptamer selection methods do not typically produce aptamers with inherent structure-switching functionality, the aptamers must be converted to molecular switches in a post-selection process. Efforts to engineer such aptamer switches often use rational design approaches based on in silico secondary structure predictions.

METTL3 enhances dentinogenesis differentiation of dental pulp stem cells via increasing GDF6 and STC1 mRNA stability.

Background: The dentinogenesis differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) is controlled by the spatio-temporal expression of differentiation related genes. RNA N6-methyladenosine (mA) methylation, one of the most abundant internal epigenetic modification in mRNA, influences various events in RNA processing, stem cell pluripotency and differentiation. Methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3), one of the essential regulators, involves in the process of dentin formation and root development, while mechanism of METTL3-mediated RNA mA methylation in DPSC dentinogenesis differentiation is still unclear.

Epigenetics in developmental defects of enamel: A scoping review.

Objectives: The significant role of epigenetics has been revealed in normal enamel formation process and occurrence of developmental defects. This presented literature is aiming at summarizing the regulatory function of epigenetics in physiological amelogenesis process and reviewing the epigenetic mechanisms in occurrence of developmental defects of enamel (DDE), so as to provide biological foundation evidence to support early predication and clinical management of DDE.

Method: An extensive literature review was conducted using electronic databases MEDLINE (through PubMed), Web of Science and EMBASE up to November 30, 2022.