Eyelid and conjunctival paracoccidioidomycosis simulating carcinoma.

Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is the most prevalent systemic mycosis in immunocompetent individuals in Brazil. Ocular infection by PCM is rare; however, when infection does occur, the most common ocular sites involved are eyelid and conjunctiva. A 68-year-old white male presented with a 2-month history of a painless, ulcerated, infiltrative and diffuse whitish lesion located on the right inferior eyelid.

Primary orbital mesenchymal chondrosarcoma: a case report and literature review.

Background: Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (MC) is a subtype of chondrosarcoma, with an incidence varying from 1 to 8% of all chondrosarcomas. It is an aggressive neoplasm with a high tendency for late recurrence and occasional delayed distant metastasis. Orbital MC is very rare, and only approximately 30 cases have been described in the literature.

Upper and lower eyelid saccades describe a harmonic oscillator function.

Purpose: To determine whether experimentally measured upper and lower eyelid saccades can be fitted to a mathematical function.

Methods: A charge-coupled device video camera connected to a personal computer was used to record upper and lower eyelid saccades accompanying 20 degrees and 40 degrees of vertical eye rotation in 19 normal adult subjects. Movement analysis was performed with software that calculated the center of a blue spot in each frame.