Antimicrobial and acaricide sanitizer tablets produced by wet granulation of spray-dried soap and clove oil-loaded microemulsion.

A novel sanitizer tablet containing clove essential oil (CO) microemulsion was developed. A preformulation study using nuclear magnetic resonance and thermal analyses showed component compatibility. The main components of the samples remained intact despite a color change, probably due to a strong acid-base interaction between eugenol and diethanolamine.

Conformational analysis and spectroscopic properties of antichagasic nifurtimox.

Considering the health relevance of Chagas' disease, recent research efforts have focused on developing more efficient drug delivery systems containing nifurtimox (NFX). This paper comprehensively investigates NFX through conformational analysis and spectroscopic characterization. Using a conformer-rotamer ensemble sampling tool (CREST-xtb), five distinct conformers of NFX were sampled within a 3.

Customizable Three-Dimensional Printed Earring Tap for Treating Affections Caused by Aesthetic Perforations.

This work aimed to develop a three-dimensional (3D) wearable drug-loaded earring tap to treat affections caused by aesthetic perforations. The initial phase involved a combination of polymers to prepare filaments for fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing using a centroid mixture design. Optimized filament compositions were used in the second phase to produce 3D printed earring taps containing the anti-inflammatory naringenin.

Characterization and Determination of the Antibacterial Activity of Essential-Oil Nanoemulsions.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of nanoemulsions of essential oil. The volatile compounds of the essential oil were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The properties of the nanoemulsions (droplet size, polydispersity index, pH, and electrical conductivity) were determined.

Melt crystallization and thermal degradation profile of the antichagasic drug nifurtimox.

Despite nifurtimox (NFX) being a traditional drug for treating Chagas disease, some of its physicochemical properties are still unknown, especially its thermal behavior, which brings important outcomes regarding stability and compatibility. In this work, a comprehensive study of NFX's thermal properties was conducted to assist incremental innovations that can improve the efficacy of this drug in novel pharmaceutical products. For this purpose, thermal analyses associated with spectroscopy and spectrometry techniques were used.

Extrusion-based systems for topical and transdermal drug delivery.

Introduction: Although the administration of drugs on the skin is a safe and noninvasive therapeutic alternative, producing formulations capable of disrupting the cutaneous barriers is still a challenge. In this scenario, extrusion-based techniques have emerged as disruptive technologies to ensure unique drug-excipient interactions that facilitate drug skin diffusion for systemic or local effect and even mean the key to obtain viable industrial products.

Areas Covered: This article presents a comprehensive overview of extrusion-based techniques in developing pharmaceutical dosage forms for topical or transdermal drug delivery.

In-situ formation of nanoparticles from drug-loaded 3D polymeric matrices.

The in-situ formation of nanoparticles from polymer-based solid medicines, although previously described, has been overlooked despite its potential to interfere with oral drug bioavailability. Such polymeric pharmaceuticals are becoming increasingly common on the market and can become even more popular due to the dizzying advance of 3D printing medicines. Hence, this work aimed to study this phenomenon during the dissolution of 3D printed tablets produced with three different polymers, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and Eudragit RL PO® (EUD RL) combined with plasticizers and the model drug naringenin (NAR).

Medicated lacquer for application on adornments to treat affections in aesthetic perforations.

Aesthetic perforations are often associated with health issues, such as itching, inflammation, or microbial infection. Accordingly, this work proposed a lacquer to be applied on the adornment accessory forming a film from which a proper drug is released. For this, lacquers were formulated containing three different permeation enhancers (limonene - LIM, propylene glycol - PG, and oleic acid - AO) combined according to a mixture design with a model anti-inflammatory natural drug (naringenin) and a soluble film-former polymer (polyvinyl alcohol).

Phenolic Compound Profile by UPLC-MS/MS and Encapsulation with Chitosan of L. Fruit Peel Extract from Cerrado Hotspot-Brazil.

Taperebá ( L.) is a native species of the Brazilian Cerrado that has shown important characteristics such as a significant phenolic compound content and biological activities. The present study aimed to characterize the phenolic compound profile and antioxidant activity in taperebá peel extract, as well as microencapsulating the extract with chitosan and evaluating the stability of the microparticles.

Preformulation Studies to Guide the Production of Medicines by Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing.

Fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing has demonstrated high potential for the production of personalized medicines. However, the heating at high temperatures inherent to this process causes unknown risks to the drug product's stability. The present study aimed to assess the use of a tailored preformulation protocol involving physicochemical assessments, including the rheological profiles of the samples, to guide the development of medicines by FDM 3D printing.

Elucidating the Splitting Behavior of Tablets to Optimize the Pharmacotherapy in Veterinary Medicine.

It is well known that the splitting of tablets can bring serious risks to the health of the treated animals, e.g., the possible adverse reactions caused by overdoses of fenbendazole or aspirin.

Development of a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the determination of propranolol in different skin layers.

The aim of this work was to develop and validate an analytical method using HPLC for the determination of propranolol in the different layers of the skin to be used in kinetic studies of skin permeation. The development of the method was based on the suitability of the chromatogram, and the validation followed the international health regulation for bioanalytical methods. In addition, the method was tested in an in vitro permeation assay using porcine skin.

Hot-Melt Extrusion as an Advantageous Technology to Obtain Effervescent Drug Products.

Here, we assessed the feasibility of hot-melt extrusion (HME) to obtain effervescent drug products for the first time. For this, a combined mixture design was employed using paracetamol as a model drug. Extrudates were obtained under reduced torque (up to 0.

Predictive models of FDM 3D printing using experimental design based on pharmaceutical requirements for tablet production.

The present study aimed to analyze how the printing process affects the final state of a printed pharmaceutical product and to establish prediction models for post-printing characteristics according to basic printing settings. To do this, a database was constructed through analysis of products elaborated with a distinct printing framework. The polymers acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), and high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) were tested in a statistically-based experiment to define the most critical printing factors for mass, mass variation, printing time, and porosity.

Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-complexed naringenin by solvent change precipitation for improving anti-inflammatory effect in vivo.

The flavonoid naringenin (NAR) exhibits an outstanding anti-inflammatory potential; however, stability problems and reduced solubility hinder its commercial insertion. This work aimed to obtain solid-state hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (CD) inclusion complexes with NAR using, for the first time, the solvent change precipitation method. For this, molecular modeling and physicochemical characterizations were conducted, followed by in vitro and in vivo assays.

The Influence of Matrix Technology on the Subdivision of Sustained Release Matrix Tablets.

The subdivision of sustained release tablets is a controversial issue, especially concerning its impact on dissolution profiles. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the behavior upon subdivision of this class of tablets. For this, three common sustained release matrices containing different technologies were selected, e.

Lipid nanoparticles as carriers of cyclodextrin inclusion complexes: A promising approach for cutaneous delivery of a volatile essential oil.

Solid inclusion complexes with cyclodextrins (CD) may be used to overcome volatility and solubility problems of essential oils of pharmacological interest. However, they lack the many dermatological advantages of lipid nanoparticles. This study intends to evaluate the ability of nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) to encapsulate hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes of Lippia origanoides essential oil (EO) and to maintain the desirable aspects of lipid colloids interaction with the skin, specifically follicular accumulation and controlled delivery.

The subdivision behavior of polymeric tablets.

The subdivision behavior of polymeric tablets produced with the well-known polymers Soluplus® (SOL), polyvinyl pyrrolidone co-vinyl acetate (PVPVA) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) was evaluated in this study. The polymeric tablets were submitted to different post-treatments (aging, thermal and exposure to compressed gaseous carbon dioxide) and its mechanical, spectroscopic and microstructure properties were assessed. SOL tablets showed the best results for tablet subdivision, particularly, the mean mass variation (3.

The Digital Pharmacies Era: How 3D Printing Technology Using Fused Deposition Modeling Can Become a Reality.

The pharmaceutical industry is set to join the fourth industrial revolution with the 3D printing of medicines. The application of 3D printers in compounding pharmacies will turn them into digital pharmacies, wrapping up the telemedicine care cycle and definitively modifying the pharmacotherapeutic treatment of patients. Fused deposition modeling 3D printing technology melts extruded drug-loaded filaments into any dosage form; and allows the obtainment of flexible dosages with different shapes, multiple active pharmaceutical ingredients and modulated drug release kinetics-in other words, offering customized medicine.

Preformulation studies of finasteride to design matrix systems for topical delivery.

A preformulation study with finasteride (FIN) was conducted to enable the development of a topical matrix system to treat androgenic alopecia. The compatibility of the drug with hidroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) and the hydrophilic polymers Klucel EXF (KLU) and Soluplus (SOL) were evaluated according to a simplex centroid mixture design. An extensive analytical arsenal was used to encompass the stability of the drug in the different mixtures.

Dissolution Enhancement in Cocoa Extract, Combining Hydrophilic Polymers through Hot-Melt Extrusion.

The aim of this study was to improve the physicochemical properties of cocoa extract (CE) using hot-melt extrusion (HME) for pharmaceutical proposes. A mixture design was applied using three distinct hydrophilic polymeric matrices (Soluplus, Plasdone S630, and Eudragit E). Systems obtained by HME were evaluated using morphologic, chromatographic, thermic, spectroscopic, and diffractometric assays.

Taste masking and rheology improvement of drug complexed with beta-cyclodextrin and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin by hot-melt extrusion.

This study aimed to mask fluconazole (FLU) taste and improve its rheological properties by an efficient process of cyclodextrin complexation. For this, hot-melt extrusion (HME) was used to obtain extrudates composed of FLU, hydroxypropylcellulose, and one of two different cyclodextrins (β-cyclodextrin or hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin) maintaining the drug:cyclodextrin molar ratio at 1:0.3 or 1:0.

Use of mixture design in drug-excipient compatibility determinations: Thymol nanoparticles case study.

The objective of this work was to access thymol-excipient compatibility using an alternative protocol of mixture design subsidizing the development of nanostructures lipid carriers containing this drug. Simultaneous DTA-TG analyses associated with infrared spectroscopy were performed according to simplex centroid mixture designs with three components. Two designs were used: the design A containing stearic acid (SA), soybean lecithin (LC), and sodium taurodeoxycholate (TAU) and the design B, where TAU was replaced by polysorbate 80 (P80).