Spontaneous closure of idiopathic full-thickness macular hole after release of vitreomacular traction observed on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography.

Macular hole is an idiopathic condition in most of the cases, it may also occur in retinal detachment, uveitis or after trauma. Optical coherence tomography analyses the vitreomacular interface, and according to the International Vitreomacular Traction Study, it defines and classify as adhesion, traction, or macular hole. Idiopathic full thickness macular hole (FTMH) a surgical procedure is needed to ensure its closure almost in all cases.

Evaluation of keratoconus progression and visual improvement after intrastromal corneal ring segments implantation: A retrospective study.

Objective: To investigate the role of ICRS in halting keratoconus progression in a large sample of patients.

Methods: A retrospective, non-comparative, interventional study based on the review of medical records of patients diagnosed with keratoconus who underwent Ferrara corneal ring segment implantation. A retrospective chart analysis study of 123 operated eyes with follow-up ranging from 3 to 16 years (mean 5.

Neovaginoplasty for radiation-induced vaginal stenosis using Nile Tilapia Fish Skin as a biological graft.

Tilapia skin showed good results when used as a biological graft for surgical management of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome. Thus, our researchers considered the use of this biomaterial for neovaginoplasty in radiation-induced vaginal stenosis. We report the case of a 41-year-old female patient with a total occlusion of the vaginal canal after radiotherapy for vaginal cancer.

Centration in refractive surgery.

The point of centration for refractive surgery is a theme of great importance that generates considerable discussion among specialists and surgeons in the field. Notably, any changes in light can alter the size of the pupil, and the visual axis of the fixation line to the fovea is unique in each patient. A variety of options have been described in the literature with respect to centration in refractive surgery, and the results differ among these methods.

Neovaginoplasty Using Nile Tilapia Fish Skin as a New Biologic Graft in Patients with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome.

Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome is the second most common cause of primary amenorrhea, trailing only to gonadal dysgenesis. Neovaginoplasty is an appropriate treatment option for patients who have failed dilation therapy. Several biomaterials have been used in this procedure, including peritoneum, amnion, skin grafts, and myocutaneous flaps.

Tilapia fish skin as a new biologic graft for neovaginoplasty in Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome: a video case report.

Objective: To describe a McIndoe procedure technique for surgical management of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome with the use of Nile tilapia skin as a scaffold for the proliferation of new vaginal epithelium.

Design: Surgical video article. Local Institutional Review Board approval and written permission from the patient were obtained.

Is cervical length evaluated by transvaginal ultrasonography helpful in detecting true preterm labor?

To investigate whether sonographic cervical markers can identify women in true preterm labor and predict delivery within 7 d and before 34 or 37 gestational weeks. This was a prospective observational study of women with singleton pregnancies and intact membranes given a diagnosis of preterm labor between 25 and 34 weeks and 6 d of gestation and who underwent transvaginal evaluation of the following characteristics: cervical length (CL), CL zeta score, absence of endocervical glandular echo, presence of cervical funneling, and presence of amniotic fluid sludge. The outcomes of interest were spontaneous delivery within 7 d of preterm labor and spontaneous delivery before 34 or 37 gestational weeks.

Antenatal corticosteroid treatment for the prevention of peri-intraventricular haemorrhage in preterm newborns: a retrospective cohort study using transfontanelle ultrasonography.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the correlation between antenatal corticosteroids and peri-intraventricular haemorrhage (PIVH) using transfontanelle ultrasonography, as well as to evaluate the risk factors for its incidence.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study using medical records of preterm newborns. The protocol for maternal corticoid administration for foetal lung maturation included dexamethasone 4 mg (intramuscular) 8/8 hours per 48 hours, with one cycle per week.

Risk factors associated with death in Brazilian children with severe dengue: a case-control study.

Objective: The purpose of this case-control study was to evaluate risk factors associated with death in children with severe dengue.

Methods: The clinical condition of hospitalized patients with severe dengue who died (cases, n = 18) was compared with that of hospitalized patients with severe dengue who survived (controls, n = 77). The inclusion criteria for this study were age under 13 years; hospital admission in São Luis, northeastern Brazil; and laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of dengue.

Antenatal diagnosis of renal duplication by ultrasonography: report on four cases at a referral center.

Duplication of the renal collecting system is the commonest major congenital malformation of the urinary tract, with an incidence of 1% among live births. Antenatal diagnosing of renal duplication and an associated ureterocele is infrequent. We report four cases of prenatally diagnosed unilateral duplication of the renal collecting system.

Prenatal diagnosis and postnatal findings of bronchogenic cyst.

Bronchogenic cysts arise from abnormal buds from the primitive esophagus and tracheobronchial tree, which do not extend to the site where alveolar differentiation occurs. Bronchogenic cysts are typically unilocular mucus field lesions arising from posterior membranous wall of the air way. The prenatal diagnosis usually is realized by two-dimensional ultrasound showing the large unilocular cystic image in the chest fetus.

Prenatal diagnosis of penoscrotal hypospadia in third trimester by two- and three-dimensional ultrasonography: a case report.

Hypospadia is an abnormal development of the corpus spongiosum, that involves cavernosa urethra, as a result of an inadequate fusion of the urethral folds. The incidence ranges from 0.2 to 4.

Prenatal diagnosis of intracranial immature teratoma in the third trimester using 2D and 3D sonography.

Intracranial tumors are uncommon and represent 0.5-1.5 % of all pediatric tumors.

Prenatal diagnosis and postnatal ultrasound findings of cloacal anomaly: a case report.

Cloacal malformation is an extremely rare fetal pathological condition that presents as a variety of defects. It predominantly affects females, with prevalence of 1 in 50,000 births. Prenatal ultrasonography on a 20-year-old caucasian woman (G4P1A2) at 33 weeks of pregnancy showed the fetus having a large cystic mass in the lower abdomen with a single septum, bilateral hydronephrosis, ambiguous genitalia, and a single umbilical artery.

Prenatal diagnosis of Nager syndrome in the third trimester of pregnancy and anatomopathological correlation.

Nager syndrome or acrofacial dysostosis is a rare and complex malformation characterized by ear anomalies, micrognathia, radial limb hypoplasia, and absence of the thumb or other fingers. Since the original description of the syndrome in 1948, there have only been four reports of prenatal diagnoses in the literature, all during the second trimester, and only two of them had anatomopathological correlations. We describe a case of Nager syndrome that was suspected in the third trimester of gestation and confirmed postnatally through pathology.

Prenatal diagnosis of sacrococcygeal teratoma using two and three-dimensional ultrasonography.

Sacrococcygeal teratoma accounts for half of all fetal tumors, with a prevalence of 1 : 40,000 births. It is believed to originate from pluripotent cells in Hensen's nodule. Although most are benign, they are associated with high morbidity and mortality rates because the fetus develops congestive heart failure and hydrops.

Prenatal Diagnosis of EEC Syndrome with "Lobster Claw" Anomaly by 3D Ultrasound.

THE EEC SYNDROME IS A GENETIC ANOMALY CHARACTERIZED BY THE TRIAD: ectodermal dysplasia (development of anomalies of the structures derived from the embryonic ectodermal layer), ectrodactyly (extremities, hands and feet malformations) and cleft lip and/or palate; these malformations can be seen together or in isolation. The prenatal diagnosis can be made by two-dimensional ultrasonography (2DUS) that identifies the facial and/or limb anomalies, most characteristic being the "lobster-claw" hands. The three-dimensional ultrasonography (3DUS) provides a better analysis of the malformations than the 2DUS.

Prenatal and Postnatal Schizencephaly Findings by 2D and 3D Ultrasound: Pictorial Essay.

Schizencephaly is a brain-destructive lesion relating to clefts in the fetal brain that usually communicate with the ventricular system, subarachnoid space, or both. It presents as two types: Type I (closed) and Type II (open). During pregnancy, it may be suspected in the course of ultrasonography, which highlights ventricular dilatation and brain abnormalities.

Prenatal diagnosis and postnatal findings of cephalothoracopagus janiceps disymmetros: a case report.

Conjoined twins are rare variants of monozygotic twins, which result from an incomplete division of the embryonic disk. Cephalothoracopagus is a rare twin pregnancy described as imperfect fusion of the head and chest, but separated columns, limbs, and pelvis. They occur with incidence rates that range from 1 per 50,000 to 1 per 100,000 births; however, the incidence of the cephalothoracopagus variety is 1 per 58 conjoined twins.

Prenatal diagnosis of an aneurysm of the vein of galen by three-dimensional power and color Doppler ultrasonography.

Aneurism of the vein of Galen is a complex arteriovenous malformation which is of multiply communications between of the vein of Galen and the cerebral arteries. It represents less than 1% of the cerebral arteriovenous malformations. Few cases using three-dimensional (3D) power and color Doppler ultrasound have been reported in the literature.

Predictive model for spontaneous preterm labor among pregnant women with contractions and intact amniotic membranes.

Purpose: To determine a predictive model for supporting decisions relating to the prognosis for women presenting with preterm labor and intact membranes.

Method: We conducted a prospective observational cohort study on 70 pregnant women at between 22 and 34 weeks of gestation. Transvaginal sonographic evaluation on the cervix was performed once on women who had completed a course of parenteral tocolysis.