"Gender specific medicine": a focus on gender-differences in hypertension.

Hypertension, worldwide considered the most frequent disease, is one of the major contributors to the leading cause of death in women: cardiovascular diseases. Until recently, women have been underestimated in clinical trials. Menopause represents the moment when the so-called "female advantage" is reversed.

"Don't worry, be happy"--may be a first line therapy in cardiovascular diseases?

Cardiovascular diseases represent the most frequent type of pathology nowadays. One can consider that their high prevalence is generated by an unhealthy living style, by the increasing prevalence of all kind of metabolic abnormalities, by smoking and other bad habits, but we must not forget the role of stress. The present paper highlights the fact that a pathophysiological link between stress, adverse affect and poor quality of sleep and cardiovascular diseases is represented by the sympathetic overdrive.

[Orbit evisceration: retrospective study on a consecutive series of 10 years].

Exenteration of the orbit is challenging in its anatomical, surgical and postsurgical management-related issues. We describe a surgical series of 65 patients diagnosed at Neurosurgery and Ophthal-mology departments; between 2003 and 2012, 65 cases with intraorbital tumors were identified and underwent partial or total exenteration of the orbit. The most frequent dignosticated tumor which underwent exenteration were spinous and basal carcinoma of the orbit (41.

[Enophthalmos in an orbital tumor].

Enophtalmus is an unusual sign of the orbital tumors often represented by proptosis. One patient with enophtalmus and intraorbital tumor and aplasy is presented. The treatment of choice of orbital tumor is complete surgical excision and careful follow-up.

[Diagnosis of orbital cysticercosis -- a challenge for ophthalmologist].

Cysticercosis is a cause of serious ocular/orbital morbidity. Ocular cysticercosis can involve the anterior segment, posterior segment or adnexa. The cysticercus parasite has a predilection for subconjunctival, subretinal and intravitreal structures.

[Tonic pupil, pupil Adie syndrome Adie Holmes: current reassessment of terminology -- a clinical case].

The benign syndrome of pupillotonia and absence of deep reflexes is not uncommon. It was clearly and accurately described by Adie (1932), although incompletely recognized many years, before. The pupillary abnormality was reported by ophthalmologists at the turn of the century (Saenger, 1902, Strasburger 1902), and the associated deep reflex change was described by Markus (1906), Roemheld (1921) and Parkes Weber (1923).