Ankle fractures involving the anterolateral distal tibia: medium-term clinical results of 50 cases.

Purpose: The anterolateral distal tibial rim (anterior malleolus, AM) is frequently fractured in malleolar fractures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the medium-term outcomes of malleolar fractures involving the AM.

Methods: Among 100 patients with AM fractures that were treated over a 10-year period, 50 patients were available for follow-up.

Complications following surgical treatment of posterior malleolar fractures: an analysis of 300 cases.

Aims: The treatment of ankle fractures and fracture-dislocations involving the posterior malleolus (PM) has undergone considerable changes over the past decade. The aim of our study was to identify risk factors related to the occurrence of complications in surgically treated ankle fractures with PM involvement.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 300 patients at a mean age of 57 years with 300 ankle fractures involving the PM treated surgically at our institution over a 12-year period.

Pathoanatomy of the Anterolateral Tibial Fragment in Ankle Fractures.

Background: The anterior distal tibial tubercle provides attachment to the anterior tibiofibular syndesmosis. It may be considered a fourth, or anterior, malleolus (AM). Fractures of the AM may extend into the tibial incisura and tibial plafond.

Fixation of anterolateral distal tibial fractures: the anterior malleolus.

Objective: The anterior tibial rim with the anterolateral tibial tubercle provides attachment to the anterior tibiofibular syndesmosis. It may be considered an anterior or "fourth" malleolus. Fixation of a displaced anterior tibial fragment in the treatment of malleolar fractures aims at providing a bone-to-bone fixation of the anterior tibiofibular ligament and restoring the integrity of the tibial incisura.

[Fractures of the anterolateral tibial rim : The fourth malleolus].

The anterolateral tibial rim with the anterior tibial tubercle (Tubercule de Tillaux-Chaput) serves as an insertion site of the anterior inferior tibiofibular ligament (AITFL). It can also be termed the anterior malleolus or fourth malleolus. Fractures of the anterolateral tibial rim typically result from an external rotation or abduction mechanism of the talus within the ankle mortise.

Surgical Fixation of Quadrimalleolar Fractures of the Ankle.

We present a technique of fixation of trimalleolar fractures with additional fracture of the anterior tibial tubercle ("quadrimalleolar") or anterior fibular rim ("quadrimalleolar equivalent"). Twenty-four patients with a mean age of 60 years were treated with open reduction and internal fixation of all 4 malleoli. There were 17 quadrimalleolar and 6 quadrimalleolar equivalent fractures.