The concept of errors in medical education: a scoping review.

The purpose of this scoping review was to explore how errors are conceptualized in medical education contexts by examining different error perspectives and practices. This review used a scoping methodology with a systematic search strategy to identify relevant studies, written in English, and published before January 2021. Four medical education journals (Medical Education, Advances in Health Science Education, Medical Teacher, and Academic Medicine) and four clinical journals (Journal of the American Medical Association, Journal of General Internal Medicine, Annals of Surgery, and British Medical Journal) were purposively selected.

Simulation-Based Ultrasound Training in Obstetrics and Gynecology: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective:  The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the effects of simulation-based ultrasound training (SIM-UT) in obstetrics and gynecology compared to non-SIM-UT on trainee learning, clinical performance, patient-relevant outcomes, and cost of training.

Methods:  A systematic search was performed in June 2019 in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus using search terms for the topic and the intervention as well as certain MESH terms. Inclusion criteria were defined in accordance with the PICO question.

The myth of ivory tower versus practice-oriented research: A systematic review of randomised studies in medical education.

Context: A long-standing myth in medical education research is a divide between two different poles: research aiming to advance theory with little focus on practical applications ('ivory tower' research) and practically oriented research aiming to serve educators and decision-makers with little focus on advancing theory ('in-the-trenches' practice). We explored this myth in a sample of randomised medical education studies using Stokes' four-quadrant framework for the classification of research perspective.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsychINFO, ERIC, Web of Science and Scopus for studies in medical education using a randomised design that were published between 1 January 2018 and 31 December 2018.

Menstrual Pattern, Reproductive Hormones, and Transabdominal 3D Ultrasound in 317 Adolescent Girls.

Context: The knowledge of normal variation of reproductive hormones, internal genitalia imaging, and the prevalence of gynecological disorders in adolescent girls is limited.

Objective: The study aimed to describe reproductive parameters in postmenarchal girls from the general population including the frequency of oligomenorrhea, polycystic ovary syndrome, and use of hormonal contraception.

Design: The Copenhagen Mother-Child Cohort is a population-based longitudinal birth cohort of 1210 girls born between 1997 and 2002.

Up or down? A randomized trial comparing image orientations during transvaginal ultrasound training.

Introduction: There is no international consensus on the orientation of transvaginal ultrasound images and no evidence exists to support the superiority of one image orientation over the other. The aim of this study was to compare learning curves and skills transfer in a group of novices randomized to top-down or bottom-up image orientation, and to determine whether individual preferences for image orientation affect learning and skills transfer.

Material And Methods: 60 senior medical students, with no prior ultrasound experience, were randomized to orient the image top-down or bottom-up during training on an ultrasound simulator until attaining expert levels of performance.

Collecting Validity Evidence for Simulation-Based Assessment of Point-of-Care Ultrasound Skills.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the validity of a simulator test designed to evaluate focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) skills.

Methods: Participants included a group of ultrasound novices (n = 25) and ultrasound experts (n = 10). All participants had their FAST skills assessed using a virtual reality ultrasound simulator.

The Effects of Simulation-based Transvaginal Ultrasound Training on Quality and Efficiency of Care: A Multicenter Single-blind Randomized Trial.

Objective: To explore the effect of adding simulation-based transvaginal ultrasound training to trainees' clinical training compared with only clinical training on quality of and efficiency of care.

Background: Simulation-based ultrasound training may be an effective adjunct to clinical training, but no studies have examined its effects on quality and efficiency of care.

Methods: Trainees from 4 University Hospitals in East Denmark were included (N = 54).

Imperfect practice makes perfect: error management training improves transfer of learning.

Context: Traditionally, trainees are instructed to practise with as few errors as possible during simulation-based training. However, transfer of learning may improve if trainees are encouraged to commit errors. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of error management instructions compared with error avoidance instructions during simulation-based ultrasound training.

Linking quality of care and training costs: cost-effectiveness in health professions education.

Objective: To provide a model for conducting cost-effectiveness analyses in medical education. The model was based on a randomised trial examining the effects of training midwives to perform cervical length measurement (CLM) as compared with obstetricians on patients' waiting times. (CLM), as compared with obstetricians.