Neurally-Adjusted Ventilatory Assist Versus Pressure Support Ventilation During Noninvasive Ventilation.

Background: Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is increasingly used during ventilatory support. Neurally-adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) is a mode of mechanical ventilation that can improve patient-ventilator interaction. We conducted a meta-analysis to compare patient-ventilator interaction and clinical outcomes between NAVA and pressure support ventilation (PSV) in adult subjects during NIV.

IL33/ST2 contributes to airway remodeling via p-JNK MAPK/STAT3 signaling pathway in OVA-induced allergic airway inflammation in mice.

Airway remodeling, which encompasses structural changes in airway is a main feature of asthma. Interleukin-33 (IL-33) has been reported to be a vital cytokine in airway remodeling in asthma, but the underlying mechanisms are not clear yet. This study focused on discussing the role of IL-33 in airway remodeling in asthma.

TSLP promotes asthmatic airway remodeling via p38-STAT3 signaling pathway in human lung fibroblast.

Purpose: Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) acts as a critical cytokine involved in asthmatic airway remodeling. Our study aimed to characterize the crosstalk between airway epithelial cells and fibroblasts regulated by TSLP through the signaling pathways of Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3).

Materials And Methods: Human biopsy specimens and lung tissues from mice were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemistry.

The Correlation between FSTL1 Expression and Airway Remodeling in Asthmatics.

Background: Asthma is characterized by airway remodeling. Follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) is an extracellular glycoprotein. Recent studies suggest that FSTL1 may participate in the pathogenesis of asthma.

Study on small airway function in asthmatics with fractional exhaled nitric oxide and impulse oscillometry.

Objectives: The invasive techniques can be direct and objective to assess small airway function, but they have significant risks and inconveniences for patients and cannot be repeated often. Some sophisticated techniques such as fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and impulse oscillometry (IOS) may surmount such restrictions. Therefore, we investigated the relation among FeNO, IOS, and small airway function in asthmatic patients.

The inhibitory mechanism of Cordyceps sinensis on cigarette smoke extract-induced senescence in human bronchial epithelial cells.

Objectives: Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible growth arrest induced either by telomere shortening (replicative senescence) or stress. The bronchial epithelial cell is often injured by inhaled toxic substances, such as cigarette smoke. In the present study, we investigated whether exposure to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) induces senescence of bronchial epithelial cells; and Cordyceps sinensis mechanism of inhibition of CSE-induced cellular senescence.

Type 2 innate lymphoid cells: A novel biomarker of eosinophilic airway inflammation in patients with mild to moderate asthma.

Background: Eosinophilic airway inflammation can predict the exacerbation of asthma, and we can improve the management of asthma by monitoring the eosinophilic airway inflammation. Although induced sputum and sputum eosinophil count is the gold standard test for diagnosing eosinophilic asthma, a more accessible and receptive method is needed for clinical practice. Type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) have recently been proposed to play a crucial role in eosinophilic inflammation and have been identified in peripheral blood from patients with asthma.