Hydroxy-wybutosine tRNA modifications as indicators of disease progression and therapeutic targets in leukaemia.

Therapeutic approaches for acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) differ due to distinct diagnostic criteria and treatment strengths. However, reliable biomarkers to differentiate AML from MDS are needed. This study investigated transfer RNA (tRNA) modifications, particularly hydroxy-wybutosine (OHyW), in the transition from MDS to AML.

Progress on structural modification of Tetrandrine with wide range of pharmacological activities.

Tetrandrine (Tet), derived from the traditional Chinese herb Fangji, is a class of natural alkaloids with the structure of bisbenzylisoquinoline, which has a wide range of physiological activities and significant pharmacfological effects. However, studies and clinical applications have revealed a series of drawbacks such as its poor water solubility, low bioavailability, and the fact that it can be toxic to humans. The results of many researchers have confirmed that chemical structural modifications and nanocarrier delivery can address the limited application of Tet and improve its efficacy.

Differentiated Mechanisms of Biochar Mitigating Straw-Induced Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Two Contrasting Paddy Soils.

Straw returns to the soil is an effective way to improve soil organic carbon and reduce air pollution by straw burning, but this may increase CH and NO emissions risks in paddy soils. Biochar has been used as a soil amendment to improve soil fertility and mitigate CH and NO emissions. However, little is known about their interactive effect on CH and NO emissions and the underlying microbial mechanisms.