Vitamins and their derivatives synergistically promote hair shaft elongation ex vivo via PlGF/VEGFR-1 signalling activation.

Background: Although vitamins or their derivatives (Vits), such as panthenyl ethyl ether, tocopherol acetate, and pyridoxine, have been widely used in topical hair care products, their efficacy and mode of action have been insufficiently studied.

Objective: To elucidate the biological influence of Vits on hair follicles and determine the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: A mouse vibrissa hair follicle organ culture model was utilized to evaluate the effects of Vits on hair shaft elongation.

Anti-inflammatory effects of differential molecular weight Hyaluronic acids on UVB-induced calprotectin-mediated keratinocyte inflammation.

Background: The biological functions of Hyaluronic acid are related to its molecular weight and binding to its receptor, Toll-like receptor4 (TLR4) or CD44. Recent studies have shown that low-molecular-weight Hyaluronic acid (LMW-HA) exhibits proinflammatory effects, while high-molecular-weight Hyaluronic acid (HMW-HA) functions as an anti-inflammatory factor. UVB-induced epidermal inflammation is mainly mediated by endogenous molecules, such as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), that cause severe skin damage by activating TLR signaling pathways.

Endothelial cell-derived Apelin inhibits tumor growth by altering immune cell localization.

The Apelin/APJ signalling pathway, involved in multiple physiological and pathological processes, has been attracting increasing interest recently. In our previous study, Apelin overexpression in colon26 tumor cells suppressed tumor growth by inducing vascular maturation. Here, we found that MC38 and LLC tumor growth were greater in the absence of Apelin than in wild-type (WT) mice, suggesting that Apelin acts as a tumor suppressor.