Synthesis and in vitro synergistic antifungal activity of analogues of Panax stipulcanatus saponin against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans.

Oleanolic acid 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-β-d-glucopyranoside (1) and oleanolic acid 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1 → 3)-[α-l-arabinofuranosyl-(1 → 4)]-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), novel Panax stipulcanatus saponin analogues, were synthesized for the first time starting from commercially available oleanolic acid, d-glucose, and L-(+)-arabinose. Glycosyl N-phenyltrifluoroacetimidates as donors and two-step consecutive glycosylation reactions are crucial in the synthesis. In vitro antifungal activity results indicated that analogue 2 combined with fluconazole showed synergistic antifungal activity against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans, with MIC values 31.

Synthesis and antifungal evaluation of phenol-derived bis(indolyl)methanes combined with FLC against Candida albicans.

With the widespread use of azole antifungals in the clinic, the drug resistance has been emerging continuously. In this work, we focus on boron trifluoride etherate catalyzed condensation of indole and salicylaldehydes to form bis(indolyl)methanes (BIMs) in high yields, and in vitro antifungal activity against Candida albicans were evaluated. The results showed that most phenol-derived BIMs combined with fluconazole (FLC) exhibited good antifungal activity against sensitive and drug-resistant C.

Antifungal Activity and Potential Mechanism of 6,7, 4'-O-Triacetylscutellarein Combined With Fluconazole Against Drug-Resistant .

The increased resistance of to conventional antifungal drugs poses a huge challenge to the clinical treatment of this infection. In recent years, combination therapy, a potential treatment method to overcome resistance, has gained traction. This study assessed the effect of 6,7,4'-O-triacetylscutellarein (TA) combined with fluconazole (FLC) on and .