Fascia Iliaca Block Combined with Low-dose Spinal Anesthesia for Hip Fracture Surgery in the Elderly: Effects on Severe Hypotension and Analgesia. A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Hip fracture surgeries in elderly patients often require spinal or general anesthesia, posing risks of severe hypotension and inadequate pain management. The optimal anesthesia type for minimizing these risks remains undetermined. Preliminary studies suggest that a combination of fascia iliaca block (FIB) and low-dose low-specific-gravity spinal anesthesia (LLSA) might offer a solution, but comprehensive evidence is lacking.

Association between fecal short-chain fatty acid levels and constipation severity in subjects with slow transit constipation.

Objective: We measured the fecal levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in subjects with slow transit constipation (STC) and assessed the correlation between SCFA levels and disease severity as well as quality of life.

Methods: We isolated the supernatant from fecal samples of healthy and STC subjects and measured the SCFA levels. To assess the correlation between fecal SCFA levels and disease severity as well as quality of life, we used the Constipation Scoring System, Patient Assessment of Constipation Symptoms, and Patient Assessment of Constipation Quality of Life questionnaires.

The clinical application value of salivary pepsin in the diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux diseases.

Background: Peptest is a noninvasive and convenient diagnostic kit for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). We aimed to explore the application value of Peptest in the diagnosis of GERD.

Methods: Patients suspected of GERD all completed 24 h pH-impedance monitoring (24 h MII-pH) and then took proton pump inhibitor (PPI) 2 weeks.

Randomized Controlled Trial of Anti-reflux Mucosectomy Versus Radiofrequency Energy Delivery for Proton Pump Inhibitor-refractory Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

Background/aims: The efficacy and safety of anti-reflux mucosectomy (ARMS) or radiofrequency energy delivery in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have been reported, but the difference between the 2 remains unclear.

Methods: This was a single center, randomized, comparative clinical study. Patients with symptoms of heartburn and/or regurgitation despite proton pump inhibitor treatment were randomly assigned to either ARMS group (n = 20) or radiofrequency group (n = 20).

Establishment of a Preoperative Laboratory Panel to identify Lymph Node Metastasis in Superficial Esophageal Cancer.

In superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SESCC), the lymph node status is considered as one of the essential factors to determine the primary treatment strategy. Nevertheless, current noninvasive staging methods before surgical intervention have limited accuracy. This study aimed to establish a simple and noninvasive serum-testing panel that facilitates the preoperative prediction of pathological nodal status in SESCC patients.

Esophageal Nocturnal Baseline Impedance and Post-reflux Swallow-induced Peristaltic Wave Index in Identifying Proton Pump Inhibitor-refractory Non-erosive Reflux Disease.

Background/aims: Esophageal mean nocturnal baseline impedance (MNBI) levels and post-reflux swallow-induced peristaltic wave (PSPW) index could increase the diagnostic value of 24-hour multichannel intraluminal impedance and pH monitoring in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. This study aims to compare the MNBI and PSPW index in patients with no evidence of erosive reflux disease.

Methods: Impedance-pH monitoring tracings from 70 patients, 50 with non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) and 20 with functional heartburn (FH), were reviewed.

The Reflux Symptoms Before and After Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy of Chinese Patients With Achalasia.

Background/aims: Achalasia is a rare disease, but the incidence is increasing recently. Peroral esophageal myotomy (POEM) is an effective treatment. Regurgitation is a common symptom before and after POEM.

Sex-Based Differences in pH Parameters and Esophageal Impedance of Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

The incidence of reflux esophagitis (RE) has a striking predominance in males. Conversely, non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) is more common in females. This imbalance of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) implies sex-related differences in its pathogenesis.

Value of adjunctive evidence from MII-pH monitoring and high-resolution manometry in inconclusive GERD patients with AET 4-6.

Objectives: Gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common disease in gastroenterology outpatients. However, some patients with typical reflux symptoms does not satisfy diagnostic criteria. This study was to explore the value of adjunctive evidence from multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH (MII-pH) monitoring and esophageal high-resolution manometry (HRM) in inconclusive GERD patients with acid exposure time (AET) 4-6%.

Optimized Tibial Nerve Stimulation Partially Reduces Visceral Hypersensitivity in Rats Mediated via Autonomic and Opioid Mechanisms.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect and possible mechanisms of tibial nerve stimulation (TNS) on visceral hypersensitivity in rats.

Materials And Methods: 1) The effects of TNS with five sets of parameters on visceral sensitivity in normal rats were evaluated by the assessment of abdominal electromyogram (EMG) and abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR). 2) The effects and mechanisms of TNS with a special set of parameters (14 Hz, 330 μsec, and 40% motor threshold) were evaluated in acute visceral hypersensitivity rats induced by restraint stress and colonic hypersensitized rats induced by acetic acid during the neonatal stage assessed by the EMG, AWR, and the spectral analysis of heart rate variability derived from the electrocardiogram.

LINC02163 promotes colorectal cancer progression via miR-511-3p/AKT3 axis.

Long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs are functional regulators in tumour progression. Herein, we revealed the level LINC02163 was up-regulated in CRC tissues and cell lines, and the expression of LINC02163 negatively correlated with prognosis of CRC patients. Functional experiments demonstrated knockdown of LINC02163 significantly attenuated CRC cells proliferation and metastasis.

Factors of Reflux Episodes With Post-reflux Swallow-induced Peristaltic Wave in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.

Background/aims: It is known that post-reflux swallow-induced peristaltic wave (PSPW) index represents the chemical clearance of the esophagus. However, few studies have explored why some reflux episodes could induce PSPW while others in the same patient could not. The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of reflux episodes which could elicit PSPW.

A novel method of sacral nerve stimulation for colonic inflammation.

Background: Vagal nerve stimulation has been reported to treat inflammation with promising results. The aims of our study were to optimize sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) methodologies for colonic inflammation in a rodent model of colitis and to investigate autonomic and cytokine mechanisms.

Methods: Three major efforts were made in optimizing SNS: (a) to determine the best stimulation duration: SNS-0.

Characteristics of intestinal microflora involved insacral nerve stimulation affecting visceral hypersensitivity.

Objective: This study was to investigate the effect of intestinal flora-intestinal-brain on the visceral sensitivity of normal rat and visceral hypersensitivity model rats, and to explore the effect of intestinal flora-intestinal-brain axis on visceral hypersensitivity in rats.

Methods: Sixty SD male newborn rats were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the random number table: group A, group B, group C, and group D, with 15 rats in each group. 15 sterile SD newborn rats, numbered E group.

Effect and mechanisms of sacral nerve stimulation on visceral hypersensitivity mediated by nerve growth factor.

To investigate the efficacy of sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) on nerve growth factor (NGF) mediated visceral sensitivity in normal rat and visceral hypersensitivity model rats. 120 male newborn rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: group A was normal model group; group B ~ F were all sensitized with acetic acid enema and grouped again. Group c2 was given NGF antagonist, d2 group was given NGF agonist, e2 group was given PI3K inhibitor, and f2 group was given PLC-γ inhibitor.

Sacral nerve stimulation with optimized parameters improves visceral hypersensitivity in rats mediated via the autonomic pathway.

The purpose of this study was to determine effects and mechanisms of sacral nerve stimulation (SNS) on visceral hypersensitivity in rodent models of colonic hypersensitivity. SNS was performed with different sets of parameters for 30 min in six regular rats. Visceral sensitivity was assessed by the measurement of electromyogram and abdominal withdrawal reflex before and after SNS.

Isolated gastric varices secondary to abdominal tuberculosis mimicking lymphoma: a case report.

Background: Abdominal tuberculosis (TB) rarely presents with abdominal masses and rarely causes isolated gastric varices.

Case Presentation: We report a case of isolated gastric varices secondary to abdominal TB mimicking lymphoma. A 42-year-old woman without any history of liver disease presented with melena and mild abdominal pain.

[Update of the Rome IIII( criteria for functional constipation].

The Rome IIII( criteria were released in May 2016. Based on the development of brain-intestinal axis theory, intestinal microecology, pharmacogenomics and social psychology, the Rome IIII( criteria revise the definition, diagnostic criteria, clinical evaluation process, and treatments of functional constipation (FC). The revisions are as follows: (1) Definition: FC and constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome are considered to be on a continuum rather than as independent entities.

Esophageal Body Motility for Clinical Assessment in Patients with Refractory Gastroesophageal Reflux Symptoms.

Background/aims: Little data exists about esophageal body dysmotility and reflux patterns in refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (RGERD) patients off therapy. We aimed to evaluate effects of esophageal body dysmotility on reflux parameters in RGERD patients by combining impedance-pH monitoring and high-resolution manometry (HRM).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the impedance-pH data and HRM metrics in patients with refractory gastroesophageal reflux symptoms.

Role of altered esophageal intraluminal baseline impedance levels in patients with gatroesophageal reflux disease refractory to proton pump inhibitors.

Numerous studies have investigated utility of esophageal intraluminal baseline impedance levels (BILs) in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, effect of BILs in refractory GERD (RGERD) has not been well investigated. The aim of this study is to evaluate role of BILs in RGERD patients.

Proton pump inhibitor therapy and its association with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis incidence and mortality: A meta-analysis.

Background: Previous meta-analyses reported proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy is associated with increased incidence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) in cirrhotic patients. However, this conclusion was based on case-control studies. Moreover, the association between PPI use and mortality of SBP has not yet been confirmed.

Association of High-Resolution Manometry Metrics with the Symptoms of Achalasia and the Symptomatic Outcomes of Peroral Esophageal Myotomy.

Background: High-resolution manometry (HRM) has improved the accuracy of manometry in detecting achalasia and has helped distinguish between clinically relevant subtypes. This study investigated whether HRM metrics correlate with the achalasia symptoms and symptomatic outcomes of peroral esophageal myotomy (POEM).

Methods: Of the 30 patients who were enrolled, 25 were treated with POEM, 12 of who underwent HRM after 3 months.

Efficacy and Safety of Antidepressants for the Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis.

Aim: The aim of this meta-analysis was to analyze the efficacy and safety of antidepressants for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus and The Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials investigating the efficacy and safety of antidepressants in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Article quality was evaluated by Jadad score.

Estrogen regulates the expression of small-conductance Ca-activated K+ channels in colonic smooth muscle cells.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the effects of small-conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (SK) channels in colonic relaxation and the regulation of SK channels by estrogen.

Methods: The contractile activity of muscle strips from male rats was estimated, and drugs including vehicle (DMSO), 17β-estradiol (E2), or apamin (SK blocker) were added, respectively. In a further experiment, muscle strips were preincubated with apamin before exposure to E2.