2D/2D CoO/BiOCl nanocomposite with enhanced antibacterial activity under full spectrum: Synergism of mesoporous structure, photothermal effect and photocatalytic reactive oxygen species.

The overuse of antibiotics has caused the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria and even superbugs, which makes it imperative to develop promising antibiotic-free alternatives. Herein, a multimodal antibacterial nanoplatform of two dimensional/two dimensional (2D/2D) mesoporous CoO/BiOCl nanocomposite is constructed, which possesses the effect of "kill three birds with one stone": (1) the use of mesoporous CoO can enlarge the surface area of the nanocomposite and promote the adsorption of bacteria; (2) CoO displays remarkable full-spectrum absorption and photo-induced self-heating effect, which can raise the temperature of CoO/BiOCl and help to kill bacteria; (3) the p-type CoO and n-type BiOCl form a p-n heterojunction, which promotes the separation of photoelectrons and holes, thus producing more reactive oxygen species (ROS) for killing bacteria. The synergism of mesoporous structure, photothermal effect and photocatalytic ROS makes the developed CoO/BiOCl a promising antibacterial material, which shows outstanding antibacterial activity with an inhibition rate of nearly 100 % against Escherichia coli (E.

The non-negligible non-specific adsorption of oligonucleotides in target-immobilized Mag-SELEX.

Target-immobilized magnetic beads-based Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (target-immobilized Mag-SELEX) has emerged as a powerful tool for aptamer selection owing to its convenience, efficiency, and versatility. However, in this study we systematically investigated non-specific adsorption in target-immobilized Mag-SELEX and found that the non-specific adsorption of the oligonucleotides to target-labeled magnetic beads was comparable to that of the screening libraries, indicating a substantial portion of captured sequences likely stem from non-specific adsorption. Longer nucleic acid sequences (80 nt and above, such as polyA80 and yeast tRNA) were found to attenuate this non-specific adsorption, with more complex higher-order structures demonstrating greater efficacy, while dNTP and short sequences such as primer sequences (20 nt), polyT(59), or polyA(59), did not possess this capability.

Heat-dependent fecundity enhancement observed in Nilaparvata lugens (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) after treatment with triazophos.

The brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is a serious pest of rice crops in the temperate and tropical regions of Asia and Australia, and it is also a classic example of an insecticide-induced resurgent pest. Brown planthopper outbreaks have been reported to be closely associated with pesticide application. Previous studies have shown that the insecticide triazophos enhances thermal tolerance and fecundity in brown planthopper.

Molecular basis for insecticide-enhanced thermotolerance in the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens Stål (Hemiptera:Delphacidae).

Climate change is likely to have marked ecological effects on terrestrial ecosystems, including the activities of insect pests. Most attention has focused on the increasing geographical ranges of pests; however, if extrinsic factors enhance their thermotolerance, populations may express increased voltinism and longer daily and annual activity periods. These changes in pest populations have the potential for severe consequences, including increased crop losses and decreased food security at the global level.

The effects of triazophos on the trehalose content, trehalase activity and their gene expression in the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae).

A previous study demonstrated that the flight capacity of Nilaparvata lugens adults treated with triazophos was enhanced significantly. However, the physiological and regulative mechanisms of the flight enhancement are not well understood. Trehalose is a primary blood sugar in insects, and the enzyme trehalase is involved in energy metabolism.