Five-year remission without disease progression in a patient with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma with extramedullary disease treated with LCAR-B38M chimeric antigen receptor T cells in the LEGEND-2 study: a case report.

Background: Multiple myeloma remains incurable despite treatment advancements over the last 20 years. LCAR-B38M Cells in Treating Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma was a phase 1, first-in-human, investigator-initiated study in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma conducted at four sites in China. The study used LCAR-B38M chimeric antigen receptor-T cells expressing two B-cell maturation antigen-targeting single-domain antibodies designed to confer avidity, and a CD3ζ signaling domain with a 4-1BB costimulatory domain to optimize T-cell activation and proliferation.

Four-year follow-up of LCAR-B38M in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: a phase 1, single-arm, open-label, multicenter study in China (LEGEND-2).

Background: LCAR-B38M is a chimeric antigen receptor T cell product with two binding domains targeting B cell maturation antigen. Our previous reports showed a remarkable efficacy of LCAR-B38M in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) at a median follow-up of 2 years. Here, we report long-term safety and efficacy data from a median follow-up of 4 years.

Effects of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides on the differentiation of Treg/Th17 cells.

Aim: The balance between Th17 cells and T regulatory (Treg) cells has emerged as a prominent factor in regulating cancer development. However, the effect of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) on the differentiation of Treg/Th17 cells has not been well studied. We sought here to explore the function of CpG ODNs in the differentiation of Tregs and Th17 cells in vitro and in vivo.

Management of cytokine release syndrome related to CAR-T cell therapy.

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy is a novel cellular immunotherapy that is widely used to treat hematological malignancies, including acute leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Despite its remarkable clinical effects, this therapy has side effects that cannot be underestimated. Cytokine release syndrome (CRS) is one of the most clinically important and potentially life-threatening toxicities.

A phase 1, open-label study of LCAR-B38M, a chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy directed against B cell maturation antigen, in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma.

Background: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has demonstrated proven efficacy in some hematologic cancers. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of LCAR-B38M, a dual epitope-binding CAR T cell therapy directed against 2 distinct B cell maturation antigen epitopes, in patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) multiple myeloma (MM).

Methods: This ongoing phase 1, single-arm, open-label, multicenter study enrolled patients (18 to 80 years) with R/R MM.

Inhibition of WNT7A-β-catenin signaling pathway sensitizes oral squamous cell carcinoma to cisplatin.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type and most threatening head and neck cancer worldwide. Here, we aim to study the relationship between the WNT7A-β-Catenin signaling pathway and the chemotherapy resistance of OSCC patients. We analyzed 42 OSCC patients and 19 adjacent non-tumor tissues, evaluated the expression levels of WNT7A mRNA, and subsequently studied WNT7A dependent cisplatin resistance in OSCC cell line KB cells.

Pellino-1 Protects Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Against HO-Induced Apoptosis via Activation of NF-κB Signaling.

To determine the protective effects of Pellino-1 against HO-induced apoptosis in periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC). We demonstrated that HO decreases PDLSC viability by 40 and 50% with the concentrations of 400 and 500 μM, respectively, with an observed downregulation of Pellino-1 mRNA and protein; we further concluded that overexpression of Pellino-1 significantly lowers 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels by 10% and upregulates superoxide dismutase 1, glutathione peroxidase levels, and catalase mRNA levels by 200, 40, and 250%, respectively. More importantly, we found that overexpression of Pellino-1 inhibited HO-induced cellular apoptosis through the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Expression profile analysis of long non-coding RNA in acute myeloid leukemia by microarray and bioinformatics.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts longer than 200 nt that are involved in tumorigenesis and play a key role in cancer progression. To determine whether lncRNAs are involved in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we analyzed the expression profile of lncRNAs and mRNAs in AML. Five pairs of AML patients and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) controls were screened by microarray.

[Drug-Resistant Mechanism of Multiple Myeloma and Its Therapy Combined with HDACi -Review].

Drug resistance of multiple myeloma(MM) has become more and more common, and greatly decreased the survival rate of these patients. The occurence of drug-resistance involves in many factors such as bone marrow microenveronment, tumor cell self-metabolism, cytokines, specific targets and so on. In this review, the potential mechanisms of resistance to glucocorticoid/proteasome inhibitor/immunomodulatory druges are briefly expounded in the aspect of tumor cell self-metabolism, including the changes of heat slock protein expression, mRNA expression, related cytokine levels and down-regulation of thalidomid-effecting site CRBN expression.

Extended Course and Increased Dose of Initial Chemotherapy for Extranodal Nasal Type Natural Killer/T (NK/T)-Cell Lymphoma in Patients <60 Years Old: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND Extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) of the nasal type is highly invasive and relatively resistant to chemotherapy. This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of an extended chemotherapy regimen with increased dose intensity. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of 69 patients <60 years old with an ECOG score 0-2 treated for ENKTL at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University between January 2004 and December 2013.

Effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor priming combined with low-dose cytarabine and homoharringtonine in higher risk myelodysplastic syndrome patients.

As sensitization of leukemia cells with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) can enhance the cytotoxicity of chemotherapy in myeloid malignancies, a pilot study was conducted in order to evaluate the effect of G-CSF priming combined with low-dose chemotherapy in patients with higher risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The regimen, G-HA, consisted of cytarabine (Ara-C) 7.5mg/m(2)/12h by subcutaneous injection, days 1-14, homoharringtonine (HHT) 1.

Dose-enhanced combined priming regimens for refractory acute myeloid leukemia and middle-and-high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome: a single-center, retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To assess chemotherapeutic regimens for refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and middle-and-high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).

Methods: Between 2004 and 2014, 44 patients with refractory AML and 36 patients with MDS were treated with new priming regimens (CHAG, CHTG, CHMG, or CTMG), and 77 patients with refractory AML and 52 patients with MDS were treated with conventional priming regimens (CHG or CAG). This was a single-center retrospective analysis of remission, adverse event, mortality, and survival.

[Comparison of the Effectiveness and Safety of Combined Chemotherapy with PEG-Asp for Treatment of ALL and T-NHL Patients].

Objective: To explore the effectiveness and safety of combined chemotherapy with pegasparaginase (PEG-Asp) for treatment of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and T cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (T-NHL) patients.

Methods: A total of 62 ALL or T-NHL patients were diagnosed and treated in our department and were enrolled in this study. Among them, 22 patients received the combined chemotherapy with PEG-Asp, while the other 40 patients received the standard chemotherapy with L-asparaginase (L-Asp) as the control.

[Clinical Study of Non Hodgkin's Lymphoma Treated with Enhanced Chemotherapy Regimen and Increased Treatment Courses].

Objective: To study the non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with enhanced chemotherapy regimen and increase of treatment courses, including number of treatment courses, short-term efficacy, long-term survival and safety.

Methods: All the 254 cases of NHL in our hospital from January 2004 to February 2014 received a variety of intensive enhanced chemotherapy regimen, such as CHOPE, MAED, MMED and TAED. The median number of treatment course was 14, including 8 in the 1st year, 4 in the 2nd and 2 in the 3rd.

[Cohort Study on GHA and New Combined Priming Chemotherapeutic Regimens in Treatment of Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome].

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy and adverse effects of GHA(G-CSF+homoharringtonin+cytarabine C) and new combined priming chemotherapeutic regimens(GHAA/GHTA) with high efficacy and low toxicity for treatment of relapsed and refractory acute myeloid leukemia(AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS), and to analyze the relation of above-mentioned regimens with the expression of co-stimuolating molecule B7.1.

Methods: Standard GHA regimen consisting of G-CSF: 100 µg/(m2·d) subcutaneous injection, d 0-14; homoharringtonine: 1.

Prediction and identification of HLA-A*0201-restricted epitopes from leukemia-associated protein MLAA-22 which elicit cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) play a critical role in the control of leukemia. However, few effective CTL epitopes have been identified to date yet. We previously reported that MLAA-22, a protein composed of 631 amino acid residues, is a novel acute myeloid leukemia (AML)-associated antigen.

Investigation of a novel biomarker, neuropilin-1, and its application for poor prognosis in acute myeloid leukemia patients.

According to the previous studies, numerous biomarkers impact on the prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the prediction for AML had been improved tremendously in the past decades. However, accurate risk-stratification at diagnosis or prognosis remained difficult. In order to further investigate the prognosis evaluation biomarker, the transcription or expression of neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) in 87 AML patients and 32 non-malignant controls were examined.

The expression and functional characterization associated with cell apoptosis and proteomic analysis of the novel gene MLAA-34 in U937 cells.

MLAA-34 is a novel acute monocytic leukemia (M5)-associated antigen (MLAA) that plays a role in the apoptosis of U937 cells. However, the expression and molecular mechanism of MLAA-34 in U937 cells remain largely unclear. Here, we utilized three strategies to gain insight into the expression and molecular functions of MLAA-34 and to identify its interacting proteins and pathways involved in the fine-tuning of the MLAA-34 response.

Quantitative assessment of MLAA-34 expression in diagnosis and prognosis of acute monocytic leukemia.

MLAA-34 is a newly identified monocytic leukemia-associated antigen. Previous data indicated that MLAA-34 might be a novel anti-apoptosis factor related closely to carcinogenesis or progression of acute monocytic leukemia. The over-expression of MLAA-34 is intuitively expected to be associated with unfavorable clinical features in acute myeloid leukemia.

Low dose of homoharringtonine and cytarabine combined with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor priming on the outcome of relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: To explore the effect of low dose of homoharringtonine (HHT) and cytarabine (Ara-c) combined with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) priming (HAG regimen) on relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML).

Methods: Sixty-seven patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were enrolled. All the patients were treated with HAG regimen (HHT 1.

mRNA expression of the XAGE-1 gene in human acute leukemia.

XAGE-1 is a cancer-testis antigen, which was demonstrated to be expressed at a significant frequency and to be immunogenic in some solid tumors. We analyzed the expression of 4 XAGE-1 transcript variant gene in human acute leukemias by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Among the 114 acute leukemias, 14/63 (22.