Geographic and Temporal Variability of Hepatitis E Virus Circulation in the Russian Federation.

The factors influencing hepatitis E virus (HEV) circulation remain largely unexplored. We investigated HEV seroprevalence in humans and the prevalence of infection in farm pigs and rabbits in different regions of the Russian Federation, as well as the genetic diversity and population dynamics of the HEV. The anti-HEV IgG antibody detection rates in the general population increase significantly with age, from 1.

Development of a bead-based multiplex immunoassay for simultaneous quantitative detection of IgG serum antibodies against seven vaccine-preventable diseases.

Serosurveillance and seroprevalence studies should be carried out to monitor vaccine-preventable diseases. Multiplex immunoassay (MIA) systems are useful tools for this purpose, allowing the simultaneous quantitative detection of antibodies in one small serum sample, which presents an advantage over conventional methods, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Therefore, we developed a multiplex immunoassay for the measurement of antibodies against seven vaccine-preventable infections (measles, rubella, mumps, tetanus, diphtheria, pertussis and Haemophilus influenza type b (Hib) infection).

A Deep Look Into COVID-19 Severity Through Dynamic Changes in Blood Cytokine Levels.

An excessive inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 is thought to be a major cause of disease severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19. Longitudinal analysis of cytokine release can expand our understanding of the initial stages of disease development and help to identify early markers serving as predictors of disease severity. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of 46 cytokines (including chemokines and growth factors) in the peripheral blood of a large cohort of COVID-19 patients (n=444).

The Advantages and Challenges of Anticancer Dendritic Cell Vaccines and NK Cells in Adoptive Cell Immunotherapy.

In the last decade, an impressive advance was achieved in adoptive cell therapy (ACT), which has improved therapeutic potential and significant value in promising cancer treatment for patients. The ACT is based on the cell transfer of dendritic cells (DCs) and/or immune effector cells. DCs are often used as vaccine carriers or antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to prime naive T cells ex vivo or in vivo.

Safety and Immunogenicity of the GamTBvac, the Recombinant Subunit Tuberculosis Vaccine Candidate: A Phase II, Multi-Center, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study.

GamTBvac is a candidate tuberculosis vaccine with two fusion proteins, containing Ag85a, ESAT6, CFP10, and a dextran-binding domain (DBD). Phase II of a double-blind, randomized, multicenter, placebo-controlled study in parallel groups in healthy adults to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of GamTBvac in 180 previously-vaccinated with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine (BCG) healthy volunteers without (MTB) infection was conducted. The dose (0.

Fusion of Lysostaphin to an Albumin Binding Domain Prolongs Its Half-Life and Bactericidal Activity in the Systemic Circulation.

Antibacterial lysins are promising proteins that are active against both antibiotic-susceptible and antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. However, a major limitation of antibacterial lysins is their fast elimination from systemic circulation. PEGylation increases the plasma half-life of lysins but renders them inactive.