Vitamin D Metabolism Parameters and Cytokine Profile in COVID-19 Patients with Bolus Cholecalciferol Supplementation.

Unlabelled: Recent studies have demonstrated the relationship between vitamin D deficiency, infection severity and mortality from COVID-19. This study aimed to analyze the vitamin D metabolites and cytokine expression levels of COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized with bolus cholecalciferol supplementation.

Materials And Methods: This study represents the next stage of the open-label randomized pilot conducted by the Almazov National Medical Research Centre.

Fraction of plasma exomeres and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol as a predictor of fatal outcome of COVID-19.

Transcriptomic analysis conducted by us previously revealed upregulation of genes involved in low-density lipoprotein particle receptor (LDLR) activity pathway in lethal COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2). Last data suggested the possible role of extracellular vesicles in COVID-19 pathogenesis. The aim of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate parameters of cholesterol metabolism and newly identified EVs, exomeres, as possible predictors of fatal outcome of COVID-19 patients infected by the Alpha and the Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2 virus.

Cytokine Profiling in Different SARS-CoV-2 Genetic Variants.

This study is a successor of our previous work concerning changes in the chemokine profile in infection that are associated with different SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants. The goal of our study was to take into account both the virus and the host immune system by assessing concentrations of cytokines in patients infected with different SARS-CoV-2 variants (ancestral Wuhan strain, Alpha, Delta and Omicron). Our study was performed on 340 biological samples taken from COVID-19 patients and healthy donors in the timespan between May 2020 and April 2022.

A Comparative Study of the Plasma Chemokine Profile in COVID-19 Patients Infected with Different SARS-CoV-2 Variants.

Background: Infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 mostly affects the upper and lower respiratory tracts and causes symptoms ranging from the common cold to pneumonia with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Chemokines are deeply involved in the chemoattraction, proliferation, and activation of immune cells within inflammation. It is crucial to consider that mutations within the virion can potentially affect the clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection because disease severity and manifestation vary depending on the genetic variant.

Changes in Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG Subclasses over Time and in Association with Disease Severity.

IgG is the most prominent marker of post-COVID-19 immunity. Not only does this subtype mark the late stages of infection, but it also stays in the body for a timespan of at least 6 months. However, different IgG subclasses have different properties, and their roles in specific anti-COVID-19 responses have yet to be determined.

[Content of some pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in blood sera of leptospirosis patients].

Aim: Study the content of some pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in blood sera of leptospirosis patients in dynamics of infectious process and the role of these cytokines in the disease immunopathogenesis.

Materials And Methods: The content of cytokines in blood sera was determined by a method based on xMAP technology with a standard panel consisting of 9 analytes: TNF-α, MCP-1, IL-8, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-1Ra, IL-12 (p70), IFN-γ.

Results: A significantly increased level of IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α was confirmed and the increased content of MCP-1 in leptospirosis patients compared with practically healthy donors was established for the first time.

[The biochemical markers in diagnostic of neuroendocrine tumors].

The review considers common concepts of neuroendocrine tumors. The results of original studies of biochemical markers of this type of tumor are presented. The various clinical symptoms and syndromes related to hyper-production of biologically active compounds are described.

[Current methods of systemic amyloidosis diagnosis and monitoring of its course].

Aim: To determine clinical significance of measuring blood levels of protein precursors of AA- and AL-amyloidosis - SAA and immunoglobulin free light chains (ILC), respectively.

Material And Methods: SAA concentrations were studied with ELISA in 43 rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients including complicated with reactive AA-amyloidosis (n = 31). Inflammation activity and its severity were studied (indices Li, richi, HAQ, DAS4).

[Pharmacodynamic characteristics of velcade efficacy in resistant and recurrent multiple myeloma: determination of free light chains of blood serum immunoglobulins].

Aim: To ascertain individual sensitivity to velkeid in patients with resistant and recurrent multiple myeloma (MM) by determination of free light chains (FLC) of serum immunoglobulins.

Material And Methods: Fourteen patients with MM stage III (Gcappa-5, Glambda-2, Acappa-3, Alambda-1, BJcappa-3) aged 52-75 years with documented resistance to treatment or recurrence received second-line monotherapy with velkeid. The drug was injected intravenously (jet) in a dose 1.

[The effect of low-dose irradiation and of age on the in vitro radiosensitivity of human lymphocytes].

The effect of low-dose irradiation and of age on the radiosensitivity of human lymphocytes was studies in two groups: control (67 people) and exposed to uncontrolled low-dose irradiation in past (165 people). Radiosensitivity of lymphocytes was estimated by the level of chromosome aberrations induced in vitro by gamma-radiation Cs137 at the dose 1.5 Gy.

[The effect of age and low-dose irradiation on the chromosomal aberration frequency in human lymphocytes].

The effect of age and of low-dose irradiation on the base level of chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes was studied in two human groups: control one (128 people) and exposed in past to uncontrolled low-dose irradiation (283 people). In exposed group the frequencies of all types of chromosome aberrations were higher comparing to control group. For the investigation of the age response of the number of chromosomal aberrations three statistical approaches were used: correlation analysis of individual data, correlation analysis of mean frequencies of chromosomal aberrations for 10 years intervals, comparison of 3 age groups (young, middle age and old).

[Diagnostic significance of type IV collagen and hyaluronic acid in the serum of patients with chronic hepatitis C for staging hepatic fibrosis].

Aim: To evaluate diagnostic value of serologic fibrosis markers (hyaluronic acid--HA and type IV collagen C-IV) in patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) and hepatic cirrhosis (HC).

Material And Methods: HA and C-IV were measured in 88 CHC patients with fibrosis stage 1 (n = 63) and 3 (n = 25), 13 patients with acute hepatitis C (AHC), 28 patients with hepatic cirrhosis (HC), 19 patients with pulmonary fibrosis (PF). The control group consisted of 32 healthy subjects.

[Adaptive reactions of rat testicular endocrine cells exposed to mineral drinking waters after radiation exposure].

Early after irradiation (2 Gy) white male rats were given sulfate mineral water, sulfate mineral water with silicon, iodine-containing mineral water (iodine concentration 30 mg/l). It was found that sulfate mineral water alone or with silicon reduces the number of endocrine Leidig's cells, inhibits their functional activity, lowers blood level of testosterone. These effects were not observed after intake of iodine-containing mineral water.

[Role of biochemical indices as metastatic markers in patients with prostatic cancer invading skeleton].

Biochemical markers of resorption and formation of bone tissue (piridinoline-PD, desoxypiridinoline-DPD and alkaline phosphatase-AP, respectively) were measured in blood serum and urine of 41 prostatic cancer (PC) patients with metastases to the bones and 24 PC patients free of such metastases as well as of 40 healthy males and 11 males with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). It was found that PD, DPD levels, general AP activity and activity of its bone fraction were significantly higher in PC patients with bone metastases than in the others (p < 0.001).

[The biochemical markers of bone remodeling in cancer patients with skeletal involvement].

The report discusses a study of pyridinoline (Pyd) and deoxypyridinoline (Dpyd) as biochemical markers of bone resorption as well as total bone alkaline phosphatase level (APh) and that of its bone fraction as criteria of osteogenesis in skeletal lesions in breast, prostate and lung cancer and multiple myeloma. The investigation established a significantly enhanced Pyd and Dpyd excretion with urine and increased blood-serum APh levels in skeletal cancers (n = 271) as compared with healthy subjects (n = 173) and patients without bone metastases (n = 94). A case has been made for determination of total excretion of Pyd crosslinks of collagen to diagnose bone metastases.

[Late radiation effects in the microcirculation system of the mouse brain after chronic low-dose irradiation].

The radiation reaction of the mouse brain microvascular system was investigated 15 months after chronic (dose-rate was 3 cGy/day) and acute (dose-rate 3.2 Gy/min) gamma-irradiation. Late pathological changes in the microvascular system after the acute irradiation (3 Gy) were not found.

[Biochemical parameters in the diagnosis of nephrotoxicity of antineoplastic chemotherapy in children].

The investigation was concerned with the role of enzymouria in the assessment of nephrotoxic effects identified in 19 children with malignant solid tumors who received cisplatin polychemotherapy in a dose of 100 mg/sq.m or iphosphamide in a dose 9 g/sq.m.

[Antibiotic prophylaxis of postoperative infective complications in patients with rectal and colonic cancers].

The results of operative use of clindamycin and netilmycin (1st group), piperacillin (2d group), in comparison to the standard protocol (carbenicillin and its combination with gentamicin) in 103 patients operated on rectal and colonic cancer are discussed. The rate of postoperative complications was 2.3% (1st groups), 5.

[High-dose ifosfamide in the treatment of patients with soft tissue sarcoma].

The increasing doses of 2.4-3.5 g/m2 ifosfamide, i/v, dropwise, were administered for 40 min, on days 1-5 each week, for 3 weeks, in 4 courses.