Obesity-Surgery is not the end.

In this editorial we comment on the article published in the recent issue of the . It investigates the potential mechanism of alcohol use disorder (AUD) following weight loss and its future prospects. We are particularly interested in this issue.

Effect of muscle activation on dynamic responses of neck of pilot during emergency ejection: a finite element study.

To determine the effect of muscle activation on the dynamic responses of the neck of a pilot during simulated emergency ejections. A complete finite element model of the pilot's head and neck was developed and dynamically validated. Three muscle activation curves were designed to simulate different activation times and levels of muscles during pilot ejection: A is the unconscious activation curve of the neck muscles, B is the pre-activation curve, and C is the continuous activation curve.

An electroencephalography-based human-machine interface combined with contralateral C7 transfer in the treatment of brachial plexus injury.

Transferring the contralateral C7 nerve root to the median or radial nerve has become an important means of repairing brachial plexus nerve injury. However, outcomes have been disappointing. Electroencephalography (EEG)-based human-machine interfaces have achieved promising results in promoting neurological recovery by controlling a distal exoskeleton to perform functional limb exercises early after nerve injury, which maintains target muscle activity and promotes the neurological rehabilitation effect.

Sustained release of exosomes loaded into polydopamine-modified chitin conduits promotes peripheral nerve regeneration in rats.

Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells are of therapeutic interest because of their important role in intracellular communication and biological regulation. On the basis of previously studied nerve conduits, we designed a polydopamine-modified chitin conduit loaded with mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes that release the exosomes in a sustained and stable manner. In vitro experiments revealed that rat mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes enhanced Schwann cell proliferation and secretion of neurotrophic and growth factors, increased the expression of Jun and Sox2 genes, decreased the expression of Mbp and Krox20 genes in Schwann cells, and reprogrammed Schwann cells to a repair phenotype.

Chitin Nerve Conduits with Three-Dimensional Spheroids of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from SD Rats Promote Peripheral Nerve Regeneration.

Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is an unresolved medical problem with limited therapeutic effects. Epineurium neurorrhaphy is an important method for treating PNI in clinical application, but it is accompanied by inevitable complications such as the misconnection of nerve fibers and neuroma formation. Conduits small gap tubulization has been proved to be an effective suture method to replace the epineurium neurorrhaphy.

Enhanced recovery after surgery for hip fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) programs have achieved promising results in many surgical specialties. However, uncertainty still remains regarding the effect of ERAS on hip fractures. The objective of this review was to investigate the clinical prognosis of ERAS programs in terms of (1) hospital-related endpoints (time to surgery [TTS], length of stay [LOS]), (2) readmission rate, (3) complications, and (4) mortality.

Clinical characteristics of intrahepatic biliary papilloma: A case report.

Background: Intrahepatic bile duct papilloma (IPNB) is a rare benign tumour from the bile duct epithelium and has a high malignant transformation rate. Early radical resection can obviously improve the prognosis of patients, but it is difficult to be sure of the diagnosis of IPNB before operating.

Case Summary: This study included 28 patients with intraductal papilloma admitted to the First Hospital of Jilin University from January 2010 to November 2020 and recorded their clinical manifestations, imaging features, complications and prognosis.

Cortical plasticity and nerve regeneration after peripheral nerve injury.

With the development of neuroscience, substantial advances have been achieved in peripheral nerve regeneration over the past decades. However, peripheral nerve injury remains a critical public health problem because of the subsequent impairment or absence of sensorimotor function. Uncomfortable complications of peripheral nerve injury, such as chronic pain, can also cause problems for families and society.

Restraint harness performance during flight maneuvers: a parametric study.

Introduction: Modern super agile fighter aircraft are capable of producing an increasing multiaxial acceleration environment which can adversely affect the pilot. An evaluation of the performance of the restraint system during flight maneuvers will benefit restraint designs and, thus, the safety of pilots.

Methods: A finite element model of a mannequin with PCU-15/P harness restraint was used in this study to investigate how the factors, such as strap material stiffness, friction, and belt tension, affect the performance of restraint systems during impact along the -Gx, -Gy, and -Gz directions.

Serum GFAP autoantibody as an ELISA-detectable glioma marker.

Glioma is the most common primary brain tumor, yet the high cost of diagnostic imaging has made early detection of asymptomatic glioma a formidable challenge. Thus, the development of a convenient, sensitive, and cost-effective diagnostic strategy, such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on glioma-specific and World Health Organization (WHO) grade-specific autoantibody serum markers, is necessary. To this end, a comparative proteomic analysis based on two-dimensional western blotting was carried out with the sera of glioma patients and normal controls.

iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis for identification of oligodendroglioma biomarkers related with loss of heterozygosity on chromosomal arm 1p.

The oligodendroglioma (OG) type of glial cell tumors accounts for 2-5% of primary brain neoplasms and 4-15% of gliomas diagnosed worldwide. Allelic losses on 1p, or on 1p and 19q, correlate with chemotherapy response and good prognosis in OG patients; however, the underlying mechanisms are not yet clearly defined. Therefore, we utilized a quantitative proteomics strategy that combined 8-plex isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) labeling and two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (2D-LC/MS/MS) to identify molecular signatures, reveal mechanisms, and develop predictive markers of OG patients with 1p loss of heterozygosity (LOH).

Factors affecting prognosis of patients with intracranial anaplastic oligodendrogliomas: a single institutional review of 70 patients.

Anaplastic oligodendroglioma (AO) is an uncommon intracranial tumor and prognosis is poor. In this study, we assessed the factors affecting the prognosis of AO patients. Seventy AO patients were recruited from 2001 to 2006 in Shanghai Huashan Hospital of Fudan University; all were treated surgically.

[Correlation between the prognosis of medulloblastoma and relevant clinical factors: analysis of 73 cases].

Objective: To analyze the correlation between the prognosis of medulloblastoma (MB) and relevant clinical factors.

Methods: Seventy-three MB patients, 48 males and 25 females, aged 13.6 (2 approximately 40), underwent surgical treatment and part of them underwent radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy.

TBestDB: a taxonomically broad database of expressed sequence tags (ESTs).

The TBestDB database contains approximately 370,000 clustered expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences from 49 organisms, covering a taxonomically broad range of poorly studied, mainly unicellular eukaryotes, and includes experimental information, consensus sequences, gene annotations and metabolic pathway predictions. Most of these ESTs have been generated by the Protist EST Program, a collaboration among six Canadian research groups. EST sequences are read from trace files up to a minimum quality cut-off, vector and linker sequence is masked, and the ESTs are clustered using phrap.

GOBASE--a database of organelle and bacterial genome information.

The organelle genome database GOBASE is now in its twelfth release, and includes 350,000 mitochondrial sequences and 118,000 chloroplast sequences, roughly a 3-fold expansion since previously documented. GOBASE also includes a fully reannotated genome sequence of Rickettsia prowazekii, one of the closest bacterial relatives of mitochondria, and will shortly expand to contain more data from bacteria from which organelles originated. All these sequences are now accessible through a single unified interface.