In-situ adsorption-coupled-oxidation enabled mercury vapor capture over sp-hybridized graphdiyne.

Developing efficient and sustainable carbon sorbent for mercury vapor (Hg) capture is significant to public health and ecosystem protection. Here we show a carbon material, namely graphdiyne with accessible sp-hybridized carbons (HsGDY), that can serve as an effective "trap" to anchor Hg atoms by strong electron-metal-support interaction, leading to the in-situ adsorption-coupled-oxidation of Hg. The adsorption process is benefited from the large hexagonal pore structure of HsGDY.

Gracillin suppresses cancer progression through inducing Merlin/LATS protein-protein interaction and activating Hippo signaling pathway.

Gene therapy, epigenetic therapies, natural compounds targeted therapy, photodynamic therapy, nanoparticles, and precision medicines are becoming available to diagnose and treat cancer. Gracillin, a natural steroidal saponin extracted from herbs, has shown potent efficacy against a range of malignancies. In this study, we investigated the molecular anticancer mechanisms of gracillin.

Guiqi Baizhu decoction enhances radiosensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer by inhibiting the HIF-1α/DNA-PKcs axis-mediated DNA repair.

Background: Radiotherapy is one of the main treatments for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and radiosensitivity is a determinant of its efficacy. Therefore, enhancing the radiosensitivity is of great significance to improve the clinical efficacy of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Purpose: This study intended to investigate the radiosensitisation effect and mechanism of Guiqi Baizhu decoction (GQBZD) on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α)/DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit (DNA-PKcs) axis-mediated DNA non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) repair in NSCLC radiotherapy.

Programmable electron-induced color router array.

The development of color routers (CRs) realizes the splitting of dichromatic components, contributing to the modulation of photon momentum that acts as the information carrier for optical information technology on the frequency and spatial domains. However, CRs with optical stimulation lack active control of photon momentum at deep subwavelength scale because of the optical diffraction limit. Here, we experimentally demonstrate an active manipulation of dichromatic photon momentum at a deep subwavelength scale via electron-induced CRs, where the CRs radiation patterns are manipulated by steering the electron impact position within 60 nm in a single nanoantenna unit.

The protective role of muscone in the development of COPD.

Background: Muscone, a key component of musk, exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. However, its therapeutic potential in inflammatory lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to investigate whether Muscone could exert a protective effect in a mouse model of COPD .

Copy Number Variations of the Gene and Their Associations with Growth Traits in Three Chinese Sheep Breeds.

Background/objectives: Copy number variations (CNVs) are a significant source of genetic variation and have been shown to influence growth traits in livestock. This study aimed to validate previous CNV candidates within the gene (XM_015093798.1) and identify novel CNV markers for molecular breeding in sheep.

Controllable synthesis of cypress-derived hard carbon for high-rate sodium ion storage.

Optimized chemical pretreatment method facilitates the synthesis of biomass-based hard carbon with rich porosity at lower carbonization temps (900-1300 °C), yielding cost-effective and high-performance anode materials. The cypress-derived hard carbon (WC-1100) with hierarchical pores achieves a peak sodium ion storage of 307 mA h g at 0.1 A g with an impressive ICE of 82.

Efficacy and safety of rifaximin for the prophylaxis of hepatic encephalopathy: A meta-analysis.

Background And Aim: The efficacy of rifaximin in the prevention of overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE) has not been established. The aim of this study was to access the efficacy and safety of rifaximin in the prophylaxis of HE.

Methods: We conducted a meta-analysis search of the Cochrane Library, PubMed, ClinicalTrials.

Tailoring Chirality and Optimizing Enantioselective Recognition in Strategic Defect Engineering of Chiral Metal-Organic Frameworks.

Introducing chiral molecules into metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to obtain chiral MOFs (CMOFs), the tunability of their structures makes them a highly anticipated class of chiral materials for electrochemical sensing. However, the structure of CMOFs is often limited by synthesis challenges, and introducing chiral molecules into MOFs often leads to a decrease in their internal space. This study introduces a defect engineering strategy into the synthesis of CMOFs to obtain CMOFs with defects, which is an efficient synthesis method.

New Insights into the Pathogenesis of Alcoholic Liver Disease Based on Global Research.

Background And Aims: Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is the leading cause of death among alcohol-related diseases, yet its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. This article employs data mining methods to conduct an indepth study of articles on ALD published in the past three decades, aiming to elucidate the pathogenesis of ALD.

Methods: Firstly, articles related to the pathogenesis of ALD were retrieved from the Web of Science (WOS) database.

Green Catalysis in Nanomaterials-Photocatalysis and Electrocatalysis.

At present, the world is facing urgent challenges of energy shortages and environmental pollution, which drives the need for green and sustainable solutions [...

UCF-101 ameliorates traumatic brain injury by promoting microglia M2 polarization via AMPK/NF-κB pathways in LPS-induced BV2 cells.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common neurosurgical emergency. As a macrophage in brain, microglia involves in secondary TBI injury. UCF-101, an Omi/HtrA2 inhibitor, protects against neurological disorders.

[Plant Growth-promoting Bacteria Alleviate the Toxic Effects of Soil Microplastics and Heavy Metal Complex Pollution in ].

The coexistence of microplastics and heavy metals in soil can lead to more intricate environmental effects. While plant growth-promoting bacteria have been widely recognized for enhancing the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils, little research has been conducted to investigate whether they can alleviate the stress of microplastic-heavy metal composite contamination on plants. We investigated the effects of isolated and screened plant growth-promoting bacteria on the growth and cadmium （Cd） accumulation of under the composite pollution of Cd and polypropylene （PP） with different particle sizes （6.

[Advantages and application prospects of model organism Drosophila in modern research of traditional Chinese medicine].

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is widely used to prevent and treat various diseases due to its many active ingre-dients, diverse biological activities, low side effects, and drug resistance. The classical model organism Drosophila melanogaster, with its advantages of short life cycle, simple physiological structure, low cultivation cost, and easy operation, has been widely used in the modern research of TCM through gene regulation techniques including transgenic and gene knockout techniques. In this paper, the application of Drosophila in modern research of TCM was outlined from the disease models of inflammatory bowel disease, aging, tumor, neurodegenerative disease, and sleep disorders, with a view to providing new methods and techniques for the research and application of the model organism Drosophila in the field of TCM.

Systematic insight into the dual COX-2/5-LOX inhibitory mechanism of Duhuo Jisheng decoction for treatment of osteoarthritis based on in silico and bioassay.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is frequently used to treat osteoarthritis (OA). Duhuo Jisheng decoction (DHJSD), a Chinese patent medicine, was commonly used Chinese herbal formula for the treatment of OA. In Western medicine, dual inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) enzyme has been proved to be a promising strategy to treat inflammatory diseases with reduced side effects.

SMEA-YOLOv8n: A Sheep Facial Expression Recognition Method Based on an Improved YOLOv8n Model.

Sheep facial expressions are valuable indicators of their pain levels, playing a critical role in monitoring their health and welfare. In response to challenges such as missed detections, false positives, and low recognition accuracy in sheep facial expression recognition, this paper introduces an enhanced algorithm based on YOLOv8n, referred to as SimAM-MobileViTAttention-EfficiCIoU-AA2_SPPF-YOLOv8n (SMEA-YOLOv8n). Firstly, the proposed method integrates the parameter-free Similarity-Aware Attention Mechanism (SimAM) and MobileViTAttention modules into the CSP Bottleneck with 2 Convolutions(C2f) module of the neck network, aiming to enhance the model's feature representation and fusion capabilities in complex environments while mitigating the interference of irrelevant background features.

Rational design of N-glycosyltransferases from Aggregatibacter aphrophilus to synthesize Gal-modified glycoconjugates targeting hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) significantly impacts human health due to its tendency to develop multi-drug resistance. Regarding the treatment of HCC, galactosylated conjugates can target drug delivery. Bacterial N-glycosyltransferases (NGTs) catalyze glucosylation or galactosylation of the Asn residue motif Asn-X-Ser/Thr (X ≠ P).

Targeting p62 by sulforaphane promotes autolysosomal degradation of SLC7A11, inducing ferroptosis for osteosarcoma treatment.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most prevalent malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents worldwide. Identification of novel therapeutic targets and development of targeted drugs are one of the most feasible strategies for OS treatment. Ferroptosis, a recently discovered mode of programmed cell death, has been implicated as a potential strategy for cancer therapy.

Huanglian decoction prevents and treats radiation-induced intestinal injury in lung cancer by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Radiotherapy is a primary treatment method for lung cancer, and radiation-induced lung injury has been widely studied. However, the lung and intestines are closely related, and patients receiving lung radiotherapy often experience gastrointestinal reactions. Huanglian Decoction has proven effective in treating intestinal diseases, but its role in radiation-induced intestinal injury in lung cancer has not yet been demonstrated.

An autonomous navigation system with a trajectory prediction-based decision mechanism for rubber forest navigation.

The use of rubber-tapping robots capable of autonomous navigation in place of manual rubber-tapping is a growing trend, but the challenging multi-objective navigation task in forest environments impedes their autonomous operation. To tackle this issue, an autonomous navigation system with a trajectory prediction-based decision mechanism for rubber forest navigation is designed. This navigation decision mechanism is comprised of obtaining coordinates of target points (OCTP), selecting the next coordinate (SNC), generating the additional coordinates (GAC), and optimizing the planned paths (OPP).

Polarization-multiplexed zoom Moiré metalens for edge-enhanced imaging.

Optical image processing with high operational efficiency has been applied as a pre-processing imaging system for image recognition. Edge-enhanced imaging as a high-efficiency optical image processing method is of great significance for feature extraction and target recognition. However, the edge-enhanced imaging system based on the 4F system and the spatial filter transforms mainly work under coherent light illumination conditions, without continuously zooming to track the spatial position of the target.

Tunable polarization-insensitive multifocal metalens based on an inverse design framework.

Multifocal metalenses are effective elements for longitudinal light field modulation and have important applications in long-focal depth imaging and three-dimensional display. However, the forward design method is subject to destructive interference generated by phase discontinuity, and cannot achieve high-efficiency, tunable multifocal metalenses. Therefore, we propose an efficient and tunable inverse design framework based on the adjoint method and gradient strategy, transforming light field modulation into mathematical optimization of nonlinear constraints.