Diminishing spectral bias in physics-informed neural networks using spatially-adaptive Fourier feature encoding.

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently emerged as a promising framework for solving partial differential equation (PDE) systems in computer mechanics. However, PINNs still struggle in simulating systems whose solution functions exhibit high-frequency patterns, especially in cases with wide frequency spectrums. Current methods apply Fourier feature mappings to the input to improve the learning ability of model on high-frequency components.

Paeonol attenuates atherosclerosis by regulating vascular smooth muscle cells apoptosis and modulating immune cells infiltration through reducing LTβR expression.

Background: Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease with multicellular participation, and the decrease of plaque stability induces the occurrence of clinical adverse events. In order to update the clinical treatment strategy of atherosclerosis, it is necessary to clarify the mechanism of plaque stabilization, especially to explore the targets of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) apoptosis and immune cell infiltration. Paeonol (Pae), a major phenolic compound derived from the bark of Paeonia albiflora Andr.

Aminoadipic acid aggravates atherosclerotic vascular inflammation through ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway, a harmful microbial metabolite reduced by paeonol.

Aim: Our previous study has found a differential microbial metabolite in atherosclerosis (AS) mice, aminoadipic acid (AAA), which was considered as a potential harmful metabolite. However, whether it can promote AS vascular inflammation and its mechanisms remain unclear. Paeonol (Pae) plays an anti-AS role by regulating the metabolic profile, but whether Pae exerts its antiatherogenic effect by reducing serum AAA levels is unknown.

Disseminated infection in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.

A case of Eimonosis orientalis was reported in a 52-year-old male farmer who presented with cough, phlegm, fever, headache, and nausea for more than 4 days. Haemophilic cells and fungal spores were identified in the bone marrow smear and confirmed as Aemon orientalis by culture. The same bacteria were also isolated from blood cultures.

Asymmetric Cu-NO Sites Coupling Atop-type and Bridge-type Adsorbed *C for Electrocatalytic CO-to-C Conversion.

2D functional porous frameworks offer a platform for studying the structure-activity relationships during electrocatalytic CO reduction reaction (CORR). Yet challenges still exist to breakthrough key limitations on site configuration (typical M-O or M-N units) and product selectivity (common CO-to-CO conversion). Herein, a novel 2D metal-organic framework (MOF) with planar asymmetric N/O mixed coordinated Cu-NO unit is constructed, labeled as BIT-119.

A late-Ediacaran crown-group sponge animal.

Sponges are the most basal metazoan phylum and may have played important roles in modulating the redox architecture of Neoproterozoic oceans. Although molecular clocks predict that sponges diverged in the Neoproterozoic era, their fossils have not been unequivocally demonstrated before the Cambrian period, possibly because Precambrian sponges were aspiculate and non-biomineralized. Here we describe a late-Ediacaran fossil, Helicolocellus cantori gen.

Efficient Proton-exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Performance of Atomic Fe Sites via p-d Hybridization with Al Dopants.

Orbital hybridization to regulate the electronic structures and surface chemisorption properties of transition metals is of great importance for boosting the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Herein, we developed a core-shell rambutan-like nanocarbon catalyst (FeAl-RNC) with atomically dispersed Fe-Al atom pairs from metal-organic framework (MOF) material. Experimental and theoretical results demonstrate that the strong p-d orbital hybridization between Al and Fe results in an asymmetric electron distribution with moderate adsorption strength of oxygen intermediates, rendering enhanced intrinsic ORR activity.

Extract of Gualou-Xiebai Herb Pair Improves Lipid Metabolism Disorders by Enhancing the Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Atherosclerosis Mice.

Background: Gualou is derived from the fruit of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim, while Xiebai from the bulbs of Bunge. Gualou and Xiebai herb pair (2:1) is widely used in clinical practice to treat atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanism underlying its potential activity on atherosclerosis (AS) has not been fully elucidated.

Hydrogen-Bonded Organic Framework Supporting Atomic Bi-NO Sites for High-Efficiency Electrocatalytic CO Reduction.

Single atomic catalysts (SACs) offer a superior platform for studying the structure-activity relationships during electrocatalytic CO reduction reaction (CORR). Yet challenges still exist to obtain well-defined and novel site configuration owing to the uncertainty of functional framework-derived SACs through calcination. Herein, a novel Bi-NO site supported on the (1 1 0) plane of hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF) is reported directly for CORR.

The anti-atherosclerotic effect of Paeonol against the lipid accumulation in macrophage-derived foam cells by inhibiting ferroptosis via the SIRT1/NRF2/GPX4 signaling pathway.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is the underlying cause of many severe vascular diseases and is primarily characterized by abnormal lipid metabolism. Paeonol (Pae), a bioactive compound derived from Paeonia Suffruticosa Andr., is recognized for its significant role in reducing lipid accumulation.

MicroRNA let-7g links foam cell formation and adipogenic differentiation: A key regulator of Paeonol treating atherosclerosis-osteoporosis.

Backgroud: High comorbidity rates have been reported in patients with atherosclerosis and osteoporosis, posing a serious risk to the health and well-being of elderly patients. To improve and update clinical practice regarding the joint treatment of these two diseases, the common mechanisms of atherosclerosis and osteoporosis need to be clarified. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), are importance molecules in the pathogenesis of human diseases, including in cardiovascular and orthopedic fields.

Paeonol Attenuates Atherosclerosis by Inhibiting Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Senescence via SIRT1/P53/TRF2 Signaling Pathway.

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease leading to various vascular diseases. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) senescence promotes atherosclerotic inflammation and the formation of plaque necrosis core, in part through telomere damage mediated by a high-fat diet. Our previous research found that paeonol, a potential anti-inflammatory agent extracted from Cortex Moutan, could significantly improve VSMCs dysfunction.

Paeonol reduces microbial metabolite α-hydroxyisobutyric acid to alleviate the ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway-mediated endothelial inflammation in atherosclerosis mice.

Gut microbiota dysbiosis is an avenue for the promotion of atherosclerosis (AS) and this effect is mediated partly via the circulating microbial metabolites. More microbial metabolites related to AS vascular inflammation, and the mechanisms involved need to be clarified urgently. Paeonol (Pae) is an active compound isolated from Paeonia suffruticoas Andr.

Integration of metabolomics and transcriptomics reveals metformin suppresses thyroid cancer progression via inhibiting glycolysis and restraining DNA replication.

The anti-tumoral effects of metformin have been widely studied in several types of cancer, including thyroid cancer; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. As an oral hypoglycemic drug, metformin facilitates glucose catabolism and disrupts metabolic homeostasis. Metabolic reprogramming, particularly cellular glucose metabolism, is an important characteristic of malignant tumors.

Enhanced Metal-Support Interactions Boost the Electrocatalytic Water Splitting of Supported Ruthenium Nanoparticles on a Ni N/NiO Heterojunction at Industrial Current Density.

Developing highly efficient and stable hydrogen production catalysts for electrochemical water splitting (EWS) at industrial current densities remains a great challenge. Herein, we proposed a heterostructure-induced-strategy to optimize the metal-support interaction (MSI) and the EWS activity of Ru-Ni N/NiO. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations firstly predicted that the Ni N/NiO-heterostructures can improve the structural stability, electronic distributions, and orbital coupling of Ru-Ni N/NiO compared to Ru-Ni N and Ru-NiO, which accordingly decreases energy barriers and increases the electroactivity for EWS.

Trophic transfer of heavy metals through aquatic food web in the largest mangrove reserve of China.

Understanding the mechanism of trophic transfer of heavy metal through the aquatic food web is critical to ecological exposure risk assessments in mangrove ecosystems. Zhanjiang Mangrove National Nature Reserve (ZMNNR) is the largest and biologically richest mangrove reserve in China, but has been exposed to heavy metal pollutants caused by the progressive industrialization and urbanization. We collected a variety of aquatic consumers, and primary producers, as well as sediments from the ZMNNR and analyzed them for heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) concentrations, and for both δC and δN values to establish the trophic levels.

The prognostic and biology of tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes in the immunotherapy of cancer.

Tumour immunotherapy has achieved remarkable clinical success in many different types of cancer in the past two decades. The outcome of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients has been linked to the quality and magnitude of T cell, NK cell, and more recently, B cell within the tumour microenvironment, suggesting that the immune landscape of a tumour is highly connected to patient response and prognosis. It is critical to understanding tumour immune microenvironments for identifying immune modifiers of cancer progression and developing cancer immunotherapies.

MicroRNA-142-3P suppresses the progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma by targeting FN1 and inactivating FAK/ERK/PI3K signaling.

Objectives: miR-142-3P is a tumor suppressor in various malignant cancers. However, the function of miR-142-3P in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) remains to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to explore the function and mechanism of miR-142-3P in PTC.

Dynamic changes of serum metabolite profiling in septic mice based on high performance liquid chromatography of quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry analysis.

The objective of this study is to gain insights into the underlying metabolic transformations that occurred during the whole progression of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis, thus providing new targets for its treatment. High-performance liquid chromatography of quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) combined with multivariate statistical techniques was used to detect the s in serum from septic mice. Fifty male mice were divided into two groups, including the sham group ( = 7) and the CLP-induced sepsis group ( = 43).

Serum metabolomic analyses reveal the potential metabolic biomarkers for prediction of amatoxin poisoning.

Amatoxin poisoning leads to over 90% of deaths in mushroom poisoning. The objective of present study was to identify the potential metabolic biomarkers for early diagnosis of amatoxin poisoning. Serum samples were collected from 61 patients with amatoxin poisoning and 61 healthy controls.

Paeonol Attenuates the Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Induced by TGF-β1 in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells through ALK5- Smad2/3 Signaling Pathway.

Background: Paeonol (Pae), the main active compound of the root of Paeonia albiflora, is efficacious in treating atherosclerosis (AS). Endothelial dysfunction is throughout the pathological progression of AS. It is expected that inhibition of Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) will be a key target for AS treatment.

A UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS-based serum and urine metabolomics approach reveals the mechanism of Gualou-Xiebai herb pair intervention against atherosclerosis process in ApoE mice.

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a metabolic disorder commonly correlated with a high-fat diet (HFD). There are many endogenous metabolic changes associated with AS development. Gualou-Xiebai (GLXB) is a traditional Chinese medicine herb pair that has been used to treat AS.

Identifying lncRNA-disease association based on GAT multiple-operator aggregation and inductive matrix completion.

Computable models as a fundamental candidate for traditional biological experiments have been applied in inferring lncRNA-disease association (LDA) for many years, without time-consuming and laborious limitations. However, sparsity inherently existing in known heterogeneous bio-data is an obstacle to computable models to improve prediction accuracy further. Therefore, a new computational model composed of multiple mechanisms for lncRNA-disease association (MM-LDA) prediction was proposed, based on the fusion of the graph attention network (GAT) and inductive matrix completion (IMC).

Geographical Origin Traceability of Based on Mineral Elements and Stable Isotopes.

We explore the prospect of applying mineral element and stable isotope data in origin tracing Procambarus clarkii to establish an origin tracing system. Microwave digestion−atomic absorption spectrometry and stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry determined the contents of 14 mineral elements (Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Mn, Zn, Cu, Fe, Sr, Ba, As, Se and Cd) and the abundances of C and N stable isotopes in the muscle tissue of P. clarkii from Guangdong, Hunan and Hubei regions.