Exploring spatio-temporal heterogeneity of rural settlement patterns on carbon emission across more than 2800 Chinese counties using multiple supervised machine learning models.

China, the world's largest carbon emitter, plays a pivotal role in achieving carbon neutrality. This study systematically analyzes the impact of landscape indices on carbon emissions from rural settlements across more than 2800 counties using eight supervised machine learning models. To assess variable influences under diverse conditions, we also employed the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) and Accumulated Local Effects (ALE) methods.

Human-earth system dynamics in China's land use pattern transformation amidst climate fluctuations and human activities.

Amid rapid environmental changes, the interplay between climate change and human activity is reshaping land use, emphasizing the significance of human-earth system dynamics. This study, rooted in human-earth system theory, explores the complex relationships between land use patterns, climate change, and human activities across China from 1996 to 2022. Using a comprehensive analytical framework that combines Geographical Detector (GeoDetector), Random Forest (RF) model, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), Spearman's rank correlation, and k-means clustering, we analyzed data from national land surveys, climate records, and nighttime light observations.

Exploring the evolution of ecosystem health and sustainable zoning: A perspective based on the contributions of climate change and human activities.

Maintaining ecosystem health (EH) in watersheds is crucial for building a national pattern of ecological security. However, a comprehensive diagnosis of watershed EH and an exploration of its driving mechanisms are still lacking. This study proposed an EH assessment model from a vitality-organization-resilience-service-environment (VORSE) perspective.

Sustainable poverty reduction models for the coordinated development of the social economy and environment in China.

Sustainable development in impoverished areas is still a global challenge owing to trade-offs between development and conservation. There are large poverty-stricken areas (PSAs) in China, which overlap highly with ecologically sensitive areas. China has made great efforts to alleviate poverty over the years.

Regularity of rural settlement changes driven by rapid urbanization in North China over the three decades.

The systematic decline of rural areas in the process of rapid urbanization has become a global trend, creating greater challenges for sustainable rural development. As the spatial projection of socio-economic development and living environment in rural areas, the continuous tracking of rural settlements (RUS) is crucial to quantify the imbalance of rural development. However, consistent information on RUS is highly needed but is quite deficient in current research.

The Global South political economy of health financing and spending landscape - history and presence.

The Global South nations and their statehoods have presented a driving force of economic and social development through most of the written history of humankind. China and India have been traditionally accounted as the economic powerhouses of the past. In recent decades, we have witnessed reestablishment of the traditional world economic structure as per Agnus Maddison Project data.

Spatial-temporal evolution of agricultural ecological risks in China in recent 40 years.

Excessive use of agricultural chemicals and unreasonable utilization of agricultural wastes have led to severe agricultural non-point source pollution (ANPSP) problems in China. Based on the agricultural pollution loads and pollution control strength, the ecological risk index (ERI) was constructed and was used to explore the spatial-temporal pattern of agricultural ecological risks in China during 1978-2017. The findings indicated that Chinese agricultural ERI was gradually increased from 0.

Towards the progress of ecological restoration and economic development in China's Loess Plateau and strategy for more sustainable development.

China's Loess Plateau (LP) is one of the most typical regions with serious soil erosion. Its ecological restoration, economic development, and social progress are directly related to realizing China's national sustainable development goals (SDGs). With intensive field investigations, comprehensive analyses of statistical data, remote sensing data, and local monitoring data, this current research explored the achievements in local ecological restoration and economic development, discussed the main problems faced by the LP, and assessed the sustainable development status of the LP.

Characteristics of temperature evolution from 1960 to 2015 in the Three Rivers' Headstream Region, Qinghai, China.

The cumulative anomaly analysis, the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), the Bernaola Galvan heuristic segmentation algorithm (BGSA), the Le Page test, the moving t test at different sub-series scales, and the quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) were used to demonstrate the statistical characteristics of the temperature changes in the study area from 1960 to 2015. The results were as follows: the temperatures varied obviously among subregions and seasons and they generally increased; the climate tendency rates of autumn mean temperatures were higher than those of summer and spring; additionally, the temperatures in the three subregions of the Three Rivers' Headstream Region (THRHR) were relatively low in the 1960s, especially in the early 1960s, followed by those in the 1970s, and the annual mean temperature has been increasing since the mid-late 1980s, especially in the middle 1990s. The results of EEMD showed that the QPOs of the annual mean temperature series in the study area were mainly quasi-3 years, quasi-5-8 years, quasi-12-15 years, and quasi-35-38 years.

Impacts of climatic warming on cropping system borders of China and potential adaptation strategies for regional agriculture development.

Climate warming and its corresponding impacts on agriculture system increasingly attach great attentions. Earlier studies more concerned the impacts of the cultivated area expansion under climate change. Yet limited knowledge is about the impacts of climate warming on the cropping index change with the shifts of cropping system border.

Exploring the relationship between air pollution and meteorological conditions in China under environmental governance.

Extensive studies have been carried out on the impact of human activities on air pollution, but systematic investigation on the relationship between air pollutant and meteorological conditions is still insufficient, especially in the context of China's site scale and recent comprehensive environmental pollution control. Here, we used a spatial interpolation technology to establish a set of data sets of pollutants and meteorological elements that are spatially matched at 896 stations in China to reveal the air pollutant-meteorological interactions between 2014 and 2019. We found that air pollution and meteorological elements have obvious seasonal and regional characteristics.

Health, income and poverty: evidence from China's rural household survey.

Background: Understanding the health status of the poor households and the influence of unhealthy on their income can provide some vital insights into the effectiveness and appropriateness of poverty reduction solutions.

Methods: Based on a nationwide cross-sectional survey of 29,712 rural poor households, this study systematically investigated the causes of poverty and health status of Chinese rural poor households, and revealed the relationship between health, income and poverty.

Results: The health status of the rural poor in China is not optimistic, with 51.

Assessment and analysis of agricultural non-point source pollution loads in China: 1978-2017.

China's successful agriculture development has resulted in public concerned environmental problems. However, continuous and detailed data about Chinese agricultural non-point source pollution (ANPSP) loads are lacking. To assess and analyze Chinese ANPSP loads from 1978 to 2017, an inventory analysis was performed, and a socioeconomic and spatiotemporal analysis in the scale of provinces was conducted.

Biophysical effect of conversion from croplands to grasslands in water-limited temperate regions of China.

The biophysical effect of land use and land cover change (LUCC) on regional climatic regulation is currently of growing interest. However, in water-limited temperate regions, the net biophysical effect of conversion from croplands to grasslands on regional climatic regulation remains poorly understood to date. To answer this concern, a modified land surface model (mEASS) and two different land use scenarios in a typical study area of the Loess Plateau of China were used in this study.

Biochar amendment reduces paddy soil nitrogen leaching but increases net global warming potential in Ningxia irrigation, China.

The efficacy of biochar as an environmentally friendly agent for non-point source and climate change mitigation remains uncertain. Our goal was to test the impact of biochar amendment on paddy rice nitrogen (N) uptake, soil N leaching, and soil CH and NO fluxes in northwest China. Biochar was applied at four rates (0, 4.

Analyzing historical land use changes using a Historical Land Use Reconstruction Model: a case study in Zhenlai County, northeastern China.

Historical land use information is essential to understanding the impact of anthropogenic modification of land use/cover on the temporal dynamics of environmental and ecological issues. However, due to a lack of spatial explicitness, complete thematic details and the conversion types for historical land use changes, the majority of historical land use reconstructions do not sufficiently meet the requirements for an adequate model. Considering these shortcomings, we explored the possibility of constructing a spatially-explicit modeling framework (HLURM: Historical Land Use Reconstruction Model).