Structures of PSI-FCPI from Thalassiosira pseudonana grown under high light provide evidence for convergent evolution and light-adaptive strategies in diatom FCPIs.

Diatoms rely on fucoxanthin chlorophyll a/c-binding proteins (FCPs) for light harvesting and energy quenching under marine environments. Here we report two cryo-electron microscopic structures of photosystem I (PSI) with either 13 or five fucoxanthin chlorophyll a/c-binding protein Is (FCPIs) at 2.78 and 3.

Transcriptome-based network analysis related to regulatory T cells infiltration identified RCN1 as a potential biomarker for prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a critical role in shaping the immunosuppressive microenvironment within tumors. Investigating the role of Tregs in Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is crucial for identifying prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for ccRCC.

Methods: Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was utilized to pinpoint modules related to Treg infiltration in TCGA-KIRC samples.

Subframe-Level Synchronization in Multi-Camera System Using Time-Calibrated Video.

Achieving precise synchronization is critical for multi-camera systems in various applications. Traditional methods rely on hardware-triggered synchronization, necessitating significant manual effort to connect and adjust synchronization cables, especially with multiple cameras involved. This not only increases labor costs but also restricts scene layout and incurs high setup expenses.

Shearing-induced formation of Au nanowires.

Shearing-induced nucleation is known in our daily lives, yet rarely discussed in nano-synthesis. Here, we demonstrate an unambiguous shearing-induced growth of Au nanowires. While in static solution Au would predominately deposit on pre-synthesized triangular nanoplates to form nano-bowls, the introduction of stirring or shaking gives rise to nanowires, where an initial nucleation could be inferred.

Enhancing the Stability, Solubility, and Antioxidant Activity of Cinchonine through Pharmaceutical Cocrystallization.

Purpose: Cinchoninze hydrochloride solves the problem of the low solubility of cinchonine, but it is unstable and susceptible to deliquescence. In this study, we designed and prepared cinchonine cocrystal salts or cinchonine salts with better stability, solubility and antioxidant activity than cinchonine.

Method: We successfully synthesized and characterized three cinchonine salts, namely, cinchonine-fumaric acid, cinchonine-isoferulic acid, and cinchonine-malic acid.

Promoting ultrasonic cavitation via Negative-Curvature nanoparticles.

It is a challenge to study the nucleation of cavitation bubbles, which critically depends on nanoscale morphological features. Our recent advances in synthesizing colloidal negative-curvature nanoparticles (NGC-NPs) offer a rare opportunity, in comparison to the conventional studies of bulk substrates, where it is difficult to obtain consistent and well-defined surface features. In order to quantitatively assess their effects, we exploit the radical-induced color change of [Fe(SCN)], which turned out to be a more convenient method than the bending of AgNWs and the fluorescence-based methods.

Dopamine promotes proliferation and inflammatory response in the presence of macrophages.

Background: Dopamine, a frequently used therapeutic agent for critically ill patients, has been shown to be implicated in clinical infections recently, however, the precise mechanisms underlying this association remain elusive. , a novel strain belonging to the species, exhibits potential pathogenic attributes. The impact of dopamine on infection has aroused our interest.

Are Sandwich Vertebrae Prone to Refracture After Percutaneous Vertebroplasty or Kyphoplasty? A Meta-Analysis.

Background: The formation of sandwiched vertebrae (SDVs) after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) or percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) has become a common phenomenon. Whether SDVs are more likely to fracture is still controversial. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to provide medical evidence for whether SDVs are more prone to refracture than non-SDVs (NSDVs) after PVP or PKP.

Rapid Thermochromic and Highly Thermally Conductive Nanocomposite Based on Silicone Rubber for Temperature Visualization Thermal Management in Electronic Devices.

Effective heat dissipation and real-time temperature monitoring are crucial for ensuring the long-term stable operation of modern, high-performance electronic products. This study proposes a silicon rubber polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based nanocomposite with a rapid thermal response and high thermal conductivity. This nanocomposite enables both rapid heat dissipation and real-time temperature monitoring for high-performance electronic products.

Structure of a diatom photosystem II supercomplex containing a member of Lhcx family and dimeric FCPII.

Diatoms rely on fucoxanthin chlorophyll -binding proteins (FCPs) for their great success in oceans, which have a great diversity in their pigment, protein compositions, and subunit organizations. We report a unique structure of photosystem II (PSII)-FCPII supercomplex from at 2.68-Å resolution by cryo-electron microscopy.

Molten Salt-Derived RuO Nanocrystals and Nanowires: Unveiling Correlations of Morphology, Microstructure, and Electrocatalytic Performance.

Ruthenium oxide (RuO), due to its comparable binding energy with *H and cost-effectiveness against Pt, has emerged as a pivotal electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In the present study, RuO nanocrystals (NCs) and nanowires (NWs) were obtained by a molten salt process and the morphology, crystal structure, and local bonding features were examined by using electron microscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. From the electrochemical measurement, both RuO NCs and NWs exhibit favorable stability and activity toward oxygen evolution reaction in an alkali medium, althought NCs exhibit higher activity, which is likely attributed to the larger surface area and the high local structural disorder.

Structural and functional properties of different types of siphonous LHCII trimers from an intertidal green alga Bryopsis corticulans.

Light-harvesting complexes of photosystem II (LHCIIs) in green algae and plants are vital antenna apparatus for light harvesting, energy transfer, and photoprotection. Here we determined the structure of a siphonous-type LHCII trimer from the intertidal green alga Bryopsis corticulans by X-ray crystallography and cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), and analyzed its functional properties by spectral analysis. The Bryopsis LHCII (Bry-LHCII) structures in both homotrimeric and heterotrimeric form show that green light-absorbing siphonaxanthin and siphonein occupied the sites of lutein and violaxanthin in plant LHCII, and two extra chlorophylls (Chls) b replaced Chls a.

Incidence of Spontaneous Resorption of Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Meta-analysis.

Study Design: A meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the incidence of spontaneous resorption of lumbar disk herniation (LDH) after conservative treatment.

Summary Of Background Data: The resorption of intervertebral disks has been more frequently reported, but there is a lack of reference to the probability of resorption.

Inorganic-organic coprecipitation: spontaneous formation of enclosed and porous silica compartments with enriched biopolymers.

We show that it is possible to spontaneously form all-enclosed compartments with microporous shells and enriched biopolymers simple coprecipitation of silica and biopolymers. The reaction involves mild conditions and tolerates the random mixing of multiple reagents. Such a synthetic advance points to a new direction for resolving the chicken-egg dilemma of how the early life forms were hosted: without a physical barrier it would be difficult to maintain organized reactions, but without organized reactions, it would be difficult to create a cell membrane.

Wide-Range Flexible Capacitive Pressure Sensors Based on Dielectrics with Various Porosity.

Wide-range flexible pressure sensors are in difficulty in research while in demand in application. In this paper, a wide-range capacitive flexible pressure sensor is developed with the foaming agent ammonium bicarbonate (NHHCO). By controlling the concentration of NHHCO doped in the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and repeating the curing process, pressure-sensitive dielectrics with various porosity are fabricated to expand the detection range of the capacitive pressure sensor.

Study of Nanoparticle-Polymer Interactions via the Mechanical Stretching of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrates.

It is shown that the aligned electrospun fibers are a convenient platform for studying the mechanical effects on nanomaterials, particularly when using surface-enhanced Raman scattering as a sensitive tool of monitoring. The ligands on the surface of the embedded Au nanoparticles fall off easily with the shear force from the stretching, in contrast to the counterparts protected by polymer/silica shells. Upon stretching, the chains of Au nanoparticles will reversibly break, as revealed by the dramatic changes in the longitudinal plasmon absorption.

A lineage-specific arginine in POS1 is required for fruit size control in Physaleae (Solanaceae) via gene co-option.

Solanaceae have important economic value mainly due to their edible fruits. Physalis organ size 1/cytokinin response factor 3 (POS1/CRF3), a unique gene in Solanaceae, is involved in fruit size variation in Physalis but not in Solanum. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.

Enantioselective Synthesis of Acyclic Stereotriads Featuring Fluorinated Tetrasubstituted Stereocenters.

Elaboration of enantioenriched complex acyclic stereotriads represents a challenge for modern synthesis even more when fluorinated tetrasubstituted stereocenters are targeted. We have been able to develop a simple strategy in a sequence of two unprecedented steps combining a diastereoselective aldol-Tishchenko reaction and an enantioselective organocatalyzed kinetic resolution. The aldol-Tishchenko reaction directly generates a large panel of acyclic 1,3-diols possessing a fluorinated tetrasubstituted stereocenter by condensation of fluorinated ketones with aldehydes under very mild basic conditions.

The Physalis floridana genome provides insights into the biochemical and morphological evolution of Physalis fruits.

The fruits of Physalis (Solanaceae) have a unique structure, a lantern-like fruiting calyx known as inflated calyx syndrome (ICS) or the Chinese lantern, and are rich in steroid-related compounds. However, the genetic variations underlying the origin of these characteristic traits and diversity in Physalis remain largely unknown. Here, we present a high-quality chromosome-level reference genome assembly of Physalis floridana (~1.

Transcriptome analysis and physiological indicators reveal the role of sulfur in cadmium accumulation and transportation in water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.).

Cadmium (Cd) contamination of croplands has become a threat to crop food safety and human health. In this study, we investigated the effect of sulfur on the growth of water spinach under Cd stress and the amount of Cd accumulation by increasing the soil sulfate content. We found that the biomass of water spinach significantly increased after the application of sulfur while the shoot Cd concentration was considerably reduced (by 31%).

Molecular and biochemical mechanisms underlying boron-induced alleviation of cadmium toxicity in rice seedlings.

Both cadmium (Cd) contamination and boron (B) deficiency in farmland soils pose a threat to the yield and quality of crops in Southern China. The present study investigated the mechanisms by which B reduces Cd accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa) seedlings. Boron supplementation partially restored the decline in shoot and root biomass caused by Cd treatment (26% and 33%, respectively), with no significant difference between the B+Cd and control groups.

Indirect Tertiary Alcohol Enantiocontrol by Acylative Organocatalytic Kinetic Resolution.

The stereocontrol of tertiary alcohols represents a recurrent challenge in organic synthesis. In the present paper, we describe a simple, efficient, and indirect method to enantioselectively prepare tertiary alcohols through a chiral isothiourea catalyzed selective acylation of adjacent secondary alcohols. This transformation enables the kinetic resolution (KR) of easily prepared racemic diastereoenriched secondary/tertiary diols providing both monoesters and starting diols in highly enantioenriched forms (-value >200).

Characterization of the gut DNA and RNA Viromes in a Cohort of Chinese Residents and Visiting Pakistanis.

Trillions of viruses inhabit the gastrointestinal tract. Some of them have been well-studied on their roles in infection and human health, but the majority remains unsurveyed. It has been established that the composition of the gut virome is highly variable based on the changes of diet, physical state, and environmental factors.

Horeau amplification in the sequential acylative kinetic resolution of (±)-1,2-diols and (±)-1,3-diols in flow.

The sequential acylative kinetic resolution (KR) of C2-symmetric (±)-1,2-syn and (±)-1,3-anti-diols using a packed bed microreactor loaded with the polystyrene-supported isothiourea, HyperBTM, is demonstrated in flow. The sequential KRs of C2-symmetric (±)-1,2-syn and (±)-1,3-anti-diols exploits Horeau amplification, with each composed of two successive KR processes, with each substrate class significantly differing in the relative rate constants for each KR process. Optimisation of the continuous flow set-up for both C2-symmetric (±)-1,2-syn and (±)-1,3-anti-diol substrate classes allowed isolation of reaction products in both high enantiopurity and yield.

Chaotic constant composition distribution matching for physical layer security in a PS-OFDM-PON.

This paper proposes a probabilistic shaping orthogonal frequency division multiplexing passive optical network (PS-OFDM-PON) based on chaotic constant composition distribution matching (CCDM). With the implementation of a four-dimensional hyperchaotic Lv system, probabilistic shaping and chaotic encryption are realized with low complexity on the process of signal modulation, so as to enhance the system performance in the presence of bit error rate (BER) and security. An 8.