Stabilizing Nickel-Copper Co-Deposition Electrochromism with the Assistance of Bromine Redox.

As an attractive optical/heat dynamic management technology, reversible metal electrodeposition/dissolution electrochromism (RME-EC) shows many advantages, including high optical modulation amplitude, wide modulation band, and color neutrality, but also suffers from performance degradation because of uneven dendritic metal deposition as well as the formation/accumulation of isolated metal debris. In this paper, a facile RME-EC system is established in a green and affordable aqueous electrolyte, by making good use of the nondendritic Ni-Cu codeposition. Furthermore, an in situ self-healing strategy is further established by activating the Br/Br couple of the Br-containing electrolyte to improve the EC performance.

Material Visual Perception and Discharging Robot Control for Baijiu Fermented Grains in Underground Tank.

Addressing the issue of excessive manual intervention in discharging fermented grains from underground tanks in traditional brewing technology, this paper proposes an intelligent grains-out strategy based on a multi-degree-of-freedom hybrid robot. The robot's structure and control system are introduced, along with analyses of kinematics solutions for its parallel components and end-effector speeds. According to its structural characteristics and working conditions, a visual-perception-based motion control method of discharging fermented grains is determined.

Novel oral compound Z526 mitigates cancer-associated cachexia via intervening NF-κB signaling and oxidative stress.

Cancer-associated cachexia (CAC) is a severe metabolic disorder syndrome mainly characterized by muscle and fat loss, which accounts for one-third of cancer-related deaths. No effective therapeutic approach that could fully reverse CAC is available. NF-κB signaling and oxidative stress play vital roles in both muscle atrophy and fat loss in CAC.

Simple synthesis of graphene oxide-supported and phosphorylated chitosan gel bead to uptake uranium from wastewater.

With the development of the nuclear industry, the direct discharge of uranium-containing wastewater has become increasingly harmful to the environment. A novel graphene oxide-supported and phosphoric-crosslinked chitosan gel bead (C-PGCB) with excellent uranium uptake capability was successfully fabricated to treat uranium-containing wastewater. The experimental results showed that the introduction of PO and CO bonds through phosphoric acid crosslinking could greatly improve the capturing ability of chitosan-based materials, which could reach 97.

PDIA4 targets IRE1α/sXBP1 to alleviate NLRP3 inflammasome activation and renal tubular injury in diabetic kidney disease.

The role of ER stress in the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney diseases (DKD) remains unclear. We employed bioinformatics to identify the UPR pathway activation, inflammation, and programmed cell death patterns in diabetic tubules. Levels of IRE1α/sXBP1 signaling, NLRP3 inflammasome activity and pyroptosis in tubular cells under high glucose conditions were measured.

Combination decoction of Astragalus mongholicus and mitigates pressure-overload cardiac dysfunction by inhibiting multiple ferroptosis pathways.

Background: Astragalus mongholicus (AM) and Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM) are commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat heart failure (HF). Ferroptosis has been studied as a key factor in the occurrence of HF. It remains unclear whether the combined use of AM and SM can effectively improve HF and the underlying mechanisms.

First Documented Successful Treatment of Chronic Postoperative Fungal Endophthalmitis Induced by with Fluconazole.

This report details an uncommon occurrence of chronic endophthalmitis following cataract surgery attributed to an infection by Trichosporon inkin (T. inkin). The infection was identified through MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry along with sequencing analysis.

Causal effects of circulating lipids and lipid-lowering drugs on the risk of atopic dermatitis: a mendelian randomization study.

Lipid metabolism disorders are frequently noted in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients, prompting the long-term use of lipid-lowering drugs. However, the causal effects of circulating lipids and different lipid-lowering drugs on the risk of AD are not thoroughly understood. Using publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary data from two different cohorts, a series of Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted to explore the causal effects of genetically proxied circulating lipids and lipid-lowering drugs on the risk of AD.

Accuracy of breath tests for colorectal neoplasms diagnosis: a meta-analysis.

Early noninvasive and rapid screening for colorectal cancer critically influences treatment outcomes. Breath testing, as an emerging screening technology, allows for noninvasive and convenient screening for different biomarkers and is a reliable screening method for various diseases. In this study, a meta-analysis of the accuracy and current status of volatile organic compounds present in exhaled breath for colorectal cancer detection was performed.

Illite Dissolution under Sodium Hydroxide Solution: Insights from Reactive Molecular Dynamics.

In alkali/surfactant/polymer (ASP) flooding systems, alkalis react with clay minerals such as Illite, montmorillonite, and kaolinite, leading to reservoir damage and impacting oil recovery rates. Therefore, studying the dissolution effects of strong alkalis on clay minerals is crucial for improving oil recovery. This study uses Illite as a representative clay mineral and employs the ReaxFF reactive force field and molecular dynamics simulations to model its dissolution in NaOH solution.

Copper-Catalyzed Domino Phosphorylation/Cyclization of -Alkynylketones for Accessing Phosphorylated 1-Isochromenes.

An effective and economical copper-catalyzed approach for the synthesis of phosphorylated 1-isochromenes is reported. This method is the first example of focus on ketone phosphonylation to establish a C-P bond and 6-- cyclization to construct a C-O bond between aryl- and alkyl-substituted alkynylketones and H-phosphinate esters, H-phosphites, and H-phosphine oxides, resulting in chemo- and regioselective phosphorylated 1-isochromenes with moderate to excellent yields under smooth reaction conditions.

Ultra-sparse reconstruction for photoacoustic tomography: Sinogram domain prior-guided method exploiting enhanced score-based diffusion model.

Photoacoustic tomography, a novel non-invasive imaging modality, combines the principles of optical and acoustic imaging for use in biomedical applications. In scenarios where photoacoustic signal acquisition is insufficient due to sparse-view sampling, conventional direct reconstruction methods significantly degrade image resolution and generate numerous artifacts. To mitigate these constraints, a novel sinogram-domain priors guided extremely sparse-view reconstruction method for photoacoustic tomography boosted by enhanced diffusion model is proposed.

Residual Stress Measurement Using EMAT for X80 Pipeline Steel: Effects of Coating Thickness and Surface Roughness Under Low Surface Preparation Requirements.

The residual stress significantly affects the operational safety of oil and gas pipelines. Traditional ultrasonic stress measurement methods require pipeline surface pretreatment, which reduces detection efficiency. EMAT, as a non-contact measurement method, shows promising applications for residual stress detection in oil and gas pipelines.

Mechanism and Clinical Application Prospects of Mitochondrial DNA Single Nucleotide Polymorphism in Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is well recognized as a critical component of the complicated pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease. This review investigates the influence of mitochondrial DNA single nucleotide polymorphisms on mitochondrial function, as well as their role in the onset and progression of these neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, the contemporary approaches to mitochondrial regulation in these disorders are discussed.

Spillover Effects of Paid Functions on Physicians' Unpaid Knowledge Activities: Quasi-Experimental Approach.

Background: To promote sustained contributions by physicians to online health care communities, these platforms have introduced a content payment model that offers economic incentives for physicians' online knowledge activities. However, the impact of these paid features on unpaid knowledge activities remains unexplored.

Objective: This study investigated how the introduction of economic incentives in online medical communities affects physicians' unpaid knowledge activities in the community.

Biological mechanism and functional verification of key genes related to major depressive disorder and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) and type 2 diabetes (TD) have been shown to be linked, but a comprehensive understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms remains elusive. The purpose of this study was to explore the biological relationship between MDD and TD and verify the functional roles of key genes. We used the Gene Expression Omnibus database to investigate the targets associated with MDD and TD.

Chemoenzymatic Synthesis Planning Guided by Reaction Type Score.

Thanks to the growing interest in computer-aided synthesis planning (CASP), a wide variety of retrosynthesis and retrobiosynthesis tools have been developed in the past decades. However, synthesis planning tools for multistep chemoenzymatic reactions are still rare despite the widespread use of enzymatic reactions in chemical synthesis. Herein, we report a reaction type score (RTscore)-guided chemoenzymatic synthesis planning (RTS-CESP) strategy.

Zinc Attenuates Bisphenol A-Induced Reproductive Toxicity in Male Mice by Inhibiting Ferroptosis and Apoptosis Through Improving Zinc Homeostasis.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a contaminant widely found in food packaging that can reduce sperm quality and impair male fertility. Zinc (Zn) is an important antioxidant involved in many important biological functions. The aim of this study was to explore the protective effect and mechanism of Zn on reproductive toxicity induced by BPA.

Prenatal exposure on nanoplastics: A study of spatial transcriptomics in hippocampal offspring.

Nanoplastics, as environmental contaminants, are thought to have irreversible impacts on the developing brains of infants and early children; however, the degree of the effects and the mechanisms of damage are unknown. In this study, spatial transcriptomics was used to investigate changes in the hippocampal region of rats descended from maternal exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs), and the transcriptomes of each spot were sequenced, allowing us to visualize the hippocampus's transcriptional landscape as well as clarify the gene expression profiles of each cell type. Spatial transcriptomics was used to explore changes in the hippocampus region of rats exposed to PS-NPs during brain formation and maturation.

Combining phospholipase A1 with monoacylglycerol lipase for crude vegetable oil degumming through improved oil-water separation.

Degumming is essential to eliminate undesired phospholipids from crude vegetable oils before being processed into high-quality products. The degumming efficiency is hampered by the separation of oil and water. To overcome this problem, we introduced an innovative enzymatic degumming strategy for various vegetable oils (rice bran, peanut and flaxseed oil) by combining phospholipase A1 with monoacylglycerol lipase.

Optical tuning of the terahertz response of black phosphorus quantum dots: effects of weak carrier confinement.

In contrast to few-layer black phosphorus (BP) with a relatively larger area, BP quantum dots (BP-QDs) are expected to have distinctive electromagnetic response and carrier behaviors, especially in low-frequency range such as in the THz regime. Herein, we experimentally investigate the THz properties of BP-QDs as well as the optical control of these properties. It is demonstrated that the effects of weak carrier confinement, which is associated with diffusive restoring current in each BP-QD, contribute significantly to the effective THz conductivity of BP-QDs.