The silent information regulator 1 pathway attenuates ROS-induced oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease.

We show that down-regulation of circular ribonucleic acid 0001588 with small interfering-circular ribonucleic acid 0001588 mimics promoted caspase-3 and caspase-9 activity levels, increased lactate dehydrogenase activity levels, and reduced cell growth of in vitro model. Circular ribonucleic acid 0001588 plasmids increased circular ribonucleic acid 0001588 expressions and promoted cell growth and reduced activity levels of lactate dehydrogenase, caspase-3, and caspase-9 activity levels in vitro model of Alzheimer's disease. Then, circular ribonucleic acid 0001588 down-regulation also promoted reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress (malonaldehyde), and reduced superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and glutathione peroxidase levels by suppressing of silent information regulator 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 in vitro.

Depressive Symptoms among Junior High School Students in Southern China: Prevalence, Changes, and Psychosocial Correlates.

Background: Depression is one of the most common mental health problems in adolescents. A careful assessment of the prevalence and risk of depressive symptoms, as well as those factors that protect against it, is essential for prevention and intervention programs.

Method: Using two waves of data from Grade 7 to Grade 9 (N = 1,544 students in Wave 1), this study examined the prevalence and changes of depressive symptoms and their related psychosocial correlates (personal and familial factors, including family functioning and positive youth development [PYD] constructs) among junior high school students in Southern China.

Low-dose real-time X-ray imaging with nontoxic double perovskite scintillators.

X-rays are widely used in probing inside information nondestructively, enabling broad applications in the medical radiography and electronic industries. X-ray imaging based on emerging lead halide perovskite scintillators has received extensive attention recently. However, the strong self-absorption, relatively low light yield and lead toxicity of these perovskites restrict their practical applications.

Correction to: The MYB transcription factor CiMYB42 regulates limonoids biosynthesis in citrus.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

Impact of Soybean Nodulation Phenotypes and Nitrogen Fertilizer Levels on the Rhizosphere Bacterial Community.

The effects of nodulation properties of legumes on the rhizosphere bacterial community are still not clear. To determine the effects of nodulation phenotypes on bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of soybean plants, we performed high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to estimate the rhizosphere bacterial community of three soybean lines with different nodulation phenotypes grown in soil supplied with different levels of N fertilizer. The results revealed that both the soybean nodulation phenotypes and the N levels affected the rhizosphere bacteria community, but the nodulation phenotypes contributed more than the N-supply.

Tunable n-type and p-type doping of two-dimensional layered PdSevia organic molecular adsorption.

Palladium diselenide (PdSe) is a two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) semiconductor with desirable properties for nanoelectronics. Here, we demonstrate that 2D layered PdSe adsorbed with two kinds of organic molecules, an electrophilic molecule tetracyano-p-quinodimethane (TCNQ) as an electron acceptor and a nucleophilic molecule tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) as an electron donor, can realize tunable p-type and n-type doping of 2D PdSe by using first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations. We find that TCNQ attracts electrons from PdSe and introduces shallow acceptor states close to the valence band edge, resulting in p-type doping of PdSe, while TTF donates electrons into PdSe and introduces shallow donor states close to the conduction band edge, resulting in n-type doping of PdSe.

Highly efficient phosphor-glass composites by pressureless sintering.

The development of high-power white light-emitting diodes demands highly efficient and stable all-inorganic color converters. In this respect, phosphor-glass/ceramic composites show great promise as they could combine the merits of high quantum efficiency of phosphors and high chemical and thermal stabilities of glass/ceramic matrices. However, strong interfacial reaction between phosphors and matrices at high temperature results in quantum efficiency loss of the embedded phosphors, and traditional solutions rely on high-pressure consolidation techniques.

The MYB transcription factor CiMYB42 regulates limonoids biosynthesis in citrus.

Background: Limonoids are major bioactive compounds that are produced by the triterpenoid metabolic pathway. The detailed biochemical process of limonoid biosynthesis and the mechanism of its molecular regulation remain elusive. The identification of transcription factors that regulate limonoid biosynthetic pathways is very important for understanding the underlying regulatory mechanisms.

Nonlinear-Optical Response in Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework Glass.

Recently, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been confirmed to be stable in a vitreous state, thus stimulating growing interest in the discovery of the physicochemical properties of these newly explored types of glasses. Herein, we examine the nonlinear-optical (NLO) response of Zn- and Zn-Co-based zeolitic imidazolate framework-62 (ZIF-62) glasses using an open-aperture Z-scan technique. We reveal that the Zn-ZIF-62 glass does not characterize a saturable absorption feature (1030 nm femtosecond laser) owing to its low optical absorption in the near-infrared (NIR) spectral region.

Document-Level Biomedical Relation Extraction Leveraging Pretrained Self-Attention Structure and Entity Replacement: Algorithm and Pretreatment Method Validation Study.

Background: The most current methods applied for intrasentence relation extraction in the biomedical literature are inadequate for document-level relation extraction, in which the relationship may cross sentence boundaries. Hence, some approaches have been proposed to extract relations by splitting the document-level datasets through heuristic rules and learning methods. However, these approaches may introduce additional noise and do not really solve the problem of intersentence relation extraction.

The role of endogenous and exogenous hydrogen in the microbiology of biogas production systems.

Anaerobic digestion is an effective process for the treatment of organic solid waste and wastewater and the production of biogas, which is a clean energy source. The carbon dioxide in the biogas can be converted into methane using hydrogen generated from water electrolysis through an approach referred to as power-to-gas. Recently, hydrogen has been added to digesters as an in-situ or ex-situ biogas upgrade to reduce the levels of carbon dioxide.

Bi(iii)-catalyzed aminooxygenation of propargyl amidines to synthesize 2-fluoroalkyl imidazole-5-carbaldehydes and their decarbonylations.

The first example of main group metal Bi(iii)-catalyzed aminooxygenation of fluorinated propargyl amidines was developed to produce 2-fluoroalkyl imidazole-5-carbaldehydes in moderate to excellent yields, in which phenol played a critical role and could be recovered and recycled. In the presence of KOt-Bu, an unconventional decarbonylation occurred on the 2-fluoroalkyl imidazole-5-carbaldehydes.

Coumarin derivatives with anticancer activities: An update.

Cancer can invade or spread to almost all parts of the body. The increasing morbidity and high mortality of cancer create a great demand for the development of novel anticancer drugs. Coumarin derivatives are ubiquitous in nature and can readily interact with diverse enzymes and receptors in cancer cells via weak bond interactions; hence, coumarin is a highly privileged pharmacophore for the development of novel anticancer agents.

RNA-Seq transcriptomic analyses of Antrodia camphorata to determine antroquinonol and antrodin C biosynthetic mechanisms in the in situ extractive fermentation.

Background: In situ extractive fermentation (ISEF) is an important technique for improving metabolite productivity. The different extractants can induce the synthesis of different bioactive metabolites of Antrodia camphorata during ISEF. However, a lack of research on the molecular genetics of A.

Photogenerated-Carrier Separation and Transfer in Two-Dimensional Janus Transition Metal Dichalcogenides and Graphene van der Waals Sandwich Heterojunction Photovoltaic Cells.

Two-dimensional (2D) Janus transition metal dichalcogenides (JTMDs) show direct band gaps and strong visible light absorption with promising applications in photovoltaic cells. Here, we investigate the electronic structures and dynamics of photogenerated carriers in 2D JTMDs and graphene van der Waals sandwich heterojunction (G/JTMDs/G) photovoltaic cells by using first-principles calculations. We find that the intrinsic built-in electric field in JTMDs results in an asymmetry potential, which can be used to effectively enhance the separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers from JTMDs to different graphene layers with a preferred direction within hundreds of femtoseconds in the G/JTMDs/G heterostructures.

Near-infrared laser driven white light continuum generation: materials, photophysical behaviours and applications.

The pursuit of efficient light sources has stimulated continued effort in the search of materials and methods for generating white light emission. In addition to the white light produced by light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and fluorescent lamps that involves spectral conversion of high energy to low energy emission, recent studies showed that it was also possible to produce white visible light by irradiating different active materials with near-infrared (NIR) constant-wave (CW) lasers. In this review, we begin by introducing and categorizing different materials that exhibit NIR laser driven white light emission, including normal inorganic phosphors, organometallic compounds, graphene, etc.

Identification of colored wheat genotypes with suitable quality and yield traits in response to low nitrogen input.

Colored wheat is a valuable resource that is rich in anthocyanins and minerals and thus contributes additional nutritional value to a healthy human diet. However, the effects of nitrogen fertilization on anthocyanin content (AC) and the balance between quality and yield still merit discussion. In this study, blue, purple, and common-colored wheat genotypes were used to investigate three nutrient quality traits, seven processing quality traits, three yield traits and seven grain morphology traits at three nitrogen levels in two years to excavate their possible plasticity under low-nitrogen stress and the tradeoffs among these traits.

Spatial imputation for air pollutants data sets via low rank matrix completion algorithm.

Incomplete observation of hourly air-pollutants concentration data is a common issue existing in urban air quality monitoring networks. This research proposes a spatial interpolation method to impute missing values presented in air pollutants data sets based on low rank matrix completion (LRMC). It considers air pollutants data of high correlation and consistency in its spatial distribution.

3nLcn2, a teleost lipocalin 2 that possesses antimicrobial activity and inhibits bacterial infection in triploid crucian carp.

Lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) has been identified in mammals, however, the in vivo function of fish Lcn2 is essentially unknown. Triploid crucian carp (3n = 150) of red crucian carp (female, 2n = 100) and allotetraploid (male, 4n = 200) shows better resistance to pathogenic infections. To elucidate the antimicrobial mechanism of triploid crucian carp, we examined the function of a novel Lcn2 from triploid crucian carp (3nLcn2).

Genome-wide analysis of CsWOX transcription factor gene family in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.).

WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) transcription factors are plant-specific members that characterized by the presence of a homeodomain. It has been shown that WOX members regulate several aspects of plant development, but the biological functions of this CsWOX gene family remain largely unknown in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.).

Epitope-directed antibody selection by site-specific photocrosslinking.

Currently, there are no methods available offering solutions to select and identify antibodies binding to a specific conformational epitope of an antigen. Here, we developed a method to allow epitope-directed antibody selection from a phage display library by photocrosslinking bound antibodies to a site that specifically incorporates a noncanonical amino acid, -benzoyl-l-phenylalanine (pBpa), on the target antigen epitope. By one or two rounds of panning against antibody phage display libraries, those hits that covalently bind to the proximity site of pBpa on specific epitopes of target antigens after ultraviolet irradiation are enriched and selected.

Genetic diversity of limonene synthase genes in Rongan kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia).

D-limonene is the main component of citrus essential oils. In the monoterpene biosynthetic pathway, geranyl diphosphate reacts with monoterpenes to form the prenyl-carbocation intermediate to produce d-limonene. In this study, d-limonene synthase (FcLS) genes were first isolated from Rongan kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia Swingle).

Surface plasmon resonance assay for exosomes based on aptamer recognition and polydopamine-functionalized gold nanoparticles for signal amplification.

A novel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) strategy is introduced for the specific determination of exosomes based on aptamer recognition and polydopamine-functionalized gold nanoparticle (Au@PDA NP)-assisted signal amplification. Exosomes derived from hepatic carcinoma SMMC-7721 were selected as the model target. SMMC-7721 exosomes can be specifically captured by the aptamer ZY-sls that was complementary to the DNA tetrahedron probes (DTPs), and then the CD63 aptamer-linked Au@PDA NPs recognized SMMC-7721 exosomes for signal amplification.

Prevalence and Genotyping of in Gastrointestinal Cancer Patients.

Gastrointestinal cancers are the most commonly occurring malignancies which contributing to over 1/5 of cancer incidences worldwide. Increasing evidences have shown that spp., an apicomplexan protozoan, is highly associated with gastrointestinal cancers.

CsIVP functions in vasculature development and downy mildew resistance in cucumber.

Domesticated crops with high yield and quality are frequently susceptible to pathogen attack, whereas enhancement of disease resistance generally compromises crop yield. The underlying mechanisms of how plant development and disease resistance are coordinately programed remain elusive. Here, we showed that the basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) transcription factor Cucumis sativus Irregular Vasculature Patterning (CsIVP) was highly expressed in cucumber vascular tissues.