High-resolution awake mouse fMRI at 14 tesla.

High-resolution awake mouse functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) remains challenging despite extensive efforts to address motion-induced artifacts and stress. This study introduces an implantable radio frequency (RF) surface coil design that minimizes image distortion caused by the air/tissue interface of mouse brains while simultaneously serving as a headpost for fixation during scanning. Furthermore, this study provides a thorough acclimation method used to accustom animals to the MRI environment minimizing motion-induced artifacts.

Ongoing loss of viable neurons for weeks after mild perinatal hypoxia-ischemia.

Unlabelled: Mild hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is common in neonates with no evidence-based therapies, and 30-40% of patients experience adverse outcomes. The nature and progression of mild injury is poorly understood. Thus, we studied the evolution of mild perinatal brain injury using longitudinal two-photon imaging of transgenic fluorescent proteins as a novel readout of neuronal viability and activity at cellular resolution.

Synthesis of 2,7-Dihydrooxepine-spirodithiophene Derivatives via an Intramolecular Ring Closure Reaction.

Spiro architectures with π-conjugation have improved thermal stability and stronger photosensitivity, making them potentially useful for organic optoelectronic devices. Our recent work has demonstrated the synthetic chemistry of a novel thiophene oligomer combining 2,7-dihydrooxepine and dispiro structure and derived it into A-D-A-type compounds. The optical spectroscopy and electrochemical characteristics were investigated.

Establishment of a Real-Time Reverse Transcription Recombinase-Aided Isothermal Amplification (qRT-RAA) Assay for the Rapid Detection of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus.

Background: Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is a significant cause of bovine respiratory disease, resulting in significant losses to the cattle industry. For rapid detection of BRSV, a real-time recombinase-aided isothermal amplification assay (qRT-RAA) based on the gene of BRSV was developed in this study.

Results: The developed qRT-RAA assay showed good exponential amplification of the target fragment in 20 min at a constant temperature of 39 °C.

Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of clinical carbapenem-resistant species harboring the metallo-beta-lactamases IMP-8 or NDM-1 in China.

Unlabelled: Carbapenem-resistant spp. pose a significant challenge in clinical settings due to limited treatment options for nosocomial infections. Carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D beta-lactamases are the primary cause for carbapenem resistance, while metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) New Delhi metallo beta-lactamase (NDM) and imipenemase (IMP) also contribute.

Effects of high-pressure and CaCl pretreatments on the salt taste-enhancing activity of hydrolysate derived from spent hen meat.

Background: High-sodium intake has been proven to bring serious risks to public health. A potential sodium substitute of salt taste-enhancing hydrolysate (STEH) of protein has been focused on recently. The salt taste-enhancing activity (STEA) of STEH still needs to be improved.

The Influence of Melanoma Extracellular Vesicles on Benign Melanocytes: A Role for PRAME in Modulation of the Tumor Microenvironment.

Melanoma is an aggressive skin cancer with a high tendency for metastasis and resistance to conventional therapies. This study explores the role of preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME), a cancer-testis antigen, in melanoma progression, focusing on its function in melanoma-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) and its impact on benign melanocytes. We show that PRAME is highly expressed in melanoma cell lines, tissues, and patient plasma and is present in EVs.

Mobility of biochar-derived dissolved organic matter and its effects on sulfamerazine transport through saturated soil porous media.

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) released from biochar may impact antibiotic mobility and environmental fate in subsurface environments. Here, DOM samples derived from biochars (BDOM) generated by pyrolyzing corn straw at 300, 450, and 600 °C were employed to elucidate the mobility characteristics of these organic substances and their influences on the transport of sulfamerazine (SMZ, a typical sulfonamide antibiotic) in soil porous media. The results demonstrated that BDOM produced at a lower pyrolysis temperature exhibited greater mobility owing to the weaker hydrophobic and H-bonding interactions between BDOM and soil particles.

Identifying the bioimaging features of Alzheimer's disease based on pupillary light response-driven brain-wide fMRI in awake mice.

Pupil dynamics has emerged as a critical non-invasive indicator of brain state changes. In particular, pupillary-light-responses (PLR) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients show potential as biomarkers for brain degeneration. To investigate AD-specific PLR and its underlying neuromodulatory sources, we combine high-resolution awake mouse fMRI with real-time pupillometry to map brain-wide event-related correlation patterns based on illumination-driven pupil constriction ( ) and post-illumination pupil dilation recovery (amplitude, , and time, T).

Effect of machining method and margin design on the accuracy and margin quality of monolithic zirconia crowns.

Statement Of Problem: The machining accuracy and marginal integrity of monolithic zirconia crowns with minimal invasive preparations may impact the long-term survival rate of tooth and periodontal health, but studies on the effect of machining method are lacking.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to digitally evaluate the machining accuracy and margin quality of monolithic zirconia crowns fabricated using gel deposition and conventional soft milling processes by comparing 2 different margin types.

Material And Methods: A total of 40 monolithic zirconia crowns were produced using gel deposition (Self-glazed Zirconia Group, SGG, n=20) and soft milling (Milled Zirconia Group, MG, n=20).

More knowledge, more choices? How peer recognition of physicians' knowledge sharing affect patients' consultation in online health communities.

Background: The advent of telemedicine has revolutionized healthcare consultations, primarily due to the digital era and global health concerns. Online healthcare communities (OHCs) have emerged as platforms for physicians to share health-related articles, promoting digital public health awareness and knowledge dissemination. The continuous dissemination of health knowledge by physicians online is considered a crucial driving force in attracting patients to seek online consultations.

Green and Fast Synthesis of NiCo-MOF for Simultaneous Purification-Immobilization of Bienzyme to Catalyze the Synthesis of Ginsenoside Rh2.

Traditional metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) preparation is generally time-consuming, polluting, and lacking specificity for enzyme immobilization. This paper introduced a facile, rapid, and green method to produce three MOFs subsequently employed to purify and coimmobilize recombinant glycosyltransferase (UGT) and recombinant sucrose synthetase (SUSy) using histidine tag (His-tag) for the specific adsorption of Ni and Co from MOFs. This method simplified enzyme purification from crude extracts and enabled enzymes to be reused.

The Utilization of PRAME in the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment of Melanoma.

Melanoma, a deadly form of skin cancer, has seen improved survival rates due to advances in diagnosis and treatment, yet the need for further improvement remains critical. Tumor-associated antigens, such as PRAME (Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma), offer promising avenues for enhanced diagnostic precision, prognostic assessment, and targeted immunotherapy. PRAME, a cancer testis antigen, is selectively expressed in various cancers, including melanoma, and plays a key role in promoting tumorigenesis through inhibition of retinoic acid signaling, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and immune evasion.

Effect of NaCl partial replacement by KCl, Ca-ascorbate, and spent hen meat hydrolysate on the physicochemical properties and quality of Cantonese sausage.

A large amount of NaCl is usually used to provide a unique flavor and extend the shelf life of meat products. However, excessive sodium intake may cause diseases such as cardiovascular diseases. Spent hen meat hydrolysate (SHH) as an efficient NaCl substitute was developed with inefficient research related to SHH application in food systems.

A time series algorithm to predict surgery in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis.

Background: Determining the optimal timing of surgical intervention for Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) poses significant challenges. This study develops a predictive model using the long short-term memory network (LSTM) with a focal loss (FL) to identify infants at risk of developing Bell IIB + NEC early and issue timely surgical warnings.

Methods: Data from 791 neonates diagnosed with NEC are gathered from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), encompassing 35 selected features.

Effect of potassium fulvate on continuous tobacco cropping soils and crop growth.

Long-term continuous cropping of tobacco causes dysbiosis of soil microbial communities, the imbalance of soil nutrients, and the increase of pathogenic bacteria, which will slow the growth and development of tobacco plants, reduce the production quality, and cause significant losses to tobacco production and tobacco farmers. The application of Potassium fulvic acid can not only provide nutrients, but also inhibit the propagation of pathogens in soil along with raising the amount of organic matter in the soil, which is an effective way to improve soil health. In this experiment, Tobacco variety SNT60 was used as the test material, and 6 treatments were set up by pot test, they were: no fertilisation control group (CK), tobacco special fertiliser (NPK), 3.

Temporal and tissue-specific regulation of energy metabolism in the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus during nitrite stress and recovery.

Nitrite is a common pollutant in aquaculture systems that poses a significant threat to aquatic animals. Energy metabolism is critical in ensuring survival of animals under environmental stressors. However, regulation of energy metabolism in crustaceans under nitrite stress has not been well understood.

Soil organic carbon sequestration can be promoted through the improvement of landscape configuration heterogeneity in typical agricultural regions of northeast China.

Landscape heterogeneity is considered a promising option for building resilient and sustainable agroecosystems. Understanding the relationships between farmland soil organic carbon (SOC) and landscape heterogeneity can support soil carbon sequestration and better serve food security and climate change. However, the influence extent and optimal scale of farmland landscape heterogeneity (i.

Sensory nerves drive migration of dental pulp stem cells via the CGRP-Ramp1 axis in pulp repair.

Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are responsible for maintaining pulp structure and function after pulp injury. DPSCs migrate directionally to the injury site before differentiating into odontoblast-like cells, which is a prerequisite and a determinant in pulp repair. Increasing evidence suggests that sensory neuron-stem cell crosstalk is critical for maintaining normal physiological functions, and sensory nerves influence stem cells mainly by neuropeptides.

Thermochemical CO Reduction to Methanol over Metal-Based Single-Atom Catalysts (SACs): Outlook and Challenges for Developments.

The conversion of thermodynamically inert CO into methanol holds immense promise for addressing the pressing environmental and energy challenges of our time. This article offers a succinct overview of the development of single-atom catalysts (SACs) for thermochemical hydrogenation of CO to methanol, encompassing research advancements, advantages, potential hurdles, and other essential aspects related to these catalysts. Our aim of this work is to provide a deeper understanding of the intricacies of the catalytic structures of the single-atom sites and their unique structure-activity relationships in catalyzing the conversion of CO to methanol.

Butyrate protects the intestinal barrier by upregulating Fut2 expression via MEK4-JNK signaling pathway activation.

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal inflammatory disease in neonates. Fucosyltransferase 2 (Fut2) regulates intestinal epithelial cell fucosylation. In this study, we aimed to investigate butyrate-mediated upregulation of Fut2 expression and the underlying mechanisms.

Physiological and Transcriptomic Analyses Provide Insights into Nitrite Stress Responses of the Swimming Crab Portunus trituberculatus.

Nitrite is a common environmental pollutant in intensive aquaculture systems. In this study, physiological and transcriptomic analyses were performed to investigate nitrite stress responses in the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus, an important aquaculture species in China. The results revealed that nitrite can affect neurotransmitter signaling via the expression of neurotransmitter receptors such as octopamine receptor (OAR) and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor (5-HTR), and depress ecdysteroid signaling by downregulating ecdysteroid receptor (EcR) as well as its downstream transcription factors in hepatopancreas.

Exome-wide association analysis identifies novel risk loci for alcohol-associated hepatitis.

Background And Aims: Alcohol-associated hepatitis (AH) is a clinically severe, acute disease that afflicts only a fraction of patients with alcohol use disorder. Genomic studies of alcohol-associated cirrhosis (AC) have identified several genes of large effect, but the genetic and environmental factors that lead to AH and AC, and their degree of genetic overlap, remain largely unknown. This study aims to identify genes and genetic variations that contribute to the development of AH.