Investigating surgeon performance metrics as key predictors of robotic herniorrhaphy outcomes using iterative machine learning models: retrospective study.

Background: Robotic data streams allow for capture of objective performance indicators, providing the ability to quantify and analyse operator technique and movement in optimizing postoperative outcomes. This study provided proof-of-concept demonstration of how intraoperative surgeon-factors could influence post-robotic herniorrhaphy complications via machine learning analyses of objective performance indicators.

Study Design: Data on robotic-assisted ventral hernia repair were retrospectively reviewed between February 2013 and November 2022 at a single academic centre.

Risk factors influencing the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation therapy.

Background: Patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) complicated by cardiogenic shock (CS) face high mortality rates. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) therapy offers critical support in these cases, yet identifying factors that influence patient outcomes is crucial for improving survival rates.

Methods: This retrospective study included 63 patients with AMI and CS who underwent ECMO therapy at our institution from January 2020 to December 2023.

Targeting GDF15 to enhance immunotherapy efficacy in glioblastoma through tumor microenvironment-responsive CRISPR-Cas9 nanoparticles.

Despite the outstanding clinical success of immunotherapy, its therapeutic efficacy in glioblastoma (GBM) is still limited. To identify critical regulators of GBM immunity, we constructed a mouse single-guide RNA (sgRNA) library corresponding to all disease-related immune genes, and performed an in vivo CRISPR knockout (KO) screen in syngeneic GBM mouse models. We demonstrated that the deletion of GDF15 in GBM cells ameliorated the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and enhanced the antitumor efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) response.

Allostatic load in non-medical and medical college students.

Background: Physical ailments and mental illness among college students are surging in recent years, which warrants urgent and comprehensive health research.

Objective: To investigate whether there is a disparity in allostatic load between medical and non-medical college students, and to identify the influencing factors on allostatic load.

Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 8,253 college students was conducted.

Burden of neurological diseases in Asia, from 1990 to 2021 and its predicted level to 2045: a Global Burden of Disease study.

Introduction: Neurological diseases are a significant contributor to premature mortality and temporary or long-term disability among survivors. Asia serves as an essential region for assessing the shifting burden of these disorders. This study aims to calculate and evaluate the changes in burden of neurological diseases across Asia.

Extracellular vesicle-mediated gene therapy targets BRAF-mutant colorectal cancer by inhibiting the MEK1/2-ERK1/2 pathway.

Background: Patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) harboring BRAF mutation have a poor prognosis. The median survival time for patients with advanced BRAF-mutant CRC is only approximately one year. Owing to the insensitivity to standard chemotherapy, there are still no effective and highly specific treatment strategies available in clinical practice for CRC patients with BRAF mutation.

Cancer-secreted exosomal miR-1246 promotes colorectal cancer liver metastasis by activating hepatic stellate cells.

Colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) are the primary cause of mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, highlighting the importance of understanding the underlying mechanisms. The tumor microenvironment (TME) and its interaction with tumor cells play a crucial role in CRLM progression. Notably, the stability and peak levels of tumor-derived exosomal miRNAs facilitate intercellular communication in the TME.

Efficacy of sivelestat in alleviating postoperative pulmonary injury in patients with acute aortic dissection undergoing total arch replacement: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Sivelestat may reduce postoperative pulmonary injury after total arch replacement (TAR). This study aimed to evaluate whether the preoperative PaO/FiO (P/F) ratio affects the efficacy of sivelestat in reducing postoperative pulmonary injury in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD) who underwent TAR using deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA).

Methods: Data of patients with AAD who underwent TAR using DHCA in a tertiary hospital between February 1, 2022, and December 30, 2022, were retrospectively reviewed.

SIRT5: a potential target for discovering bioactive natural products.

Silent information regulator 5 (SIRT5) is the fifth member of the sirtuin family, which is mainly expressed in mitochondrial matrix. SIRT5 plays a key role in metabolism and antioxidant responses, and is an important regulator for maintaining intracellular homeostasis. Given its involvement in multiple cellular processes, dysregulation of SIRT5 activity is associated with a variety of diseases.

Oral pH-Sensitive Solid Self-Microemulsion of Norcantharidin Wrapped in Colon-Coated Capsule for Selective Therapy of Colorectal Carcinoma.

Due to the poor solubility, permeability, stability and tumor-targeting ability of norcantharidin (NCTD), currently commercially available NCTD formulations require patients to take the medicine more frequently. Moreover, the formulation of NCTD themselves have certain toxicity, thus showing unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes and serious systemic side effects. Based on the specific acidic environment at the tumor site, in this study, the pH-sensitive NCTD solid self-microemulsion (NCTD@CS-DMMA SSME) was prepared by introducing 2,3-dimethylmaleic acid amide modified chitosan (CS-DMMA), and it was wrapped in colon-coated capsule to achieve stable and controlled drug release in the acidic environment of colonic tumors.

Therapeutic Potential of TUBB6 Inhibition for Hematoma Reduction, Microtubule Stabilization, and Neurological Recovery in an In Vivo Model of Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

This in vivo study explored the impact of TUBB6 inhibition in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), focusing on its effects on hematoma volume, microtubule stability, inflammation, neuronal preservation, and sensorimotor recovery. Sprague-Dawley rats was used to induce ICH by collagenase injection into the right striatum, followed by administration of TUBB6 antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) or Control ASO directly into the hematoma site 3 h post-ICH. Outcomes measured included hematoma volume, microtubule stability (acetylated α-tubulin), levels of inflammatory cytokines, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway activity, neuronal degeneration (Fluoro-Jade C staining), and cell integrity (Cresyl Violet staining).

High fidelity zero shot speaker adaptation in text to speech synthesis with denoising diffusion GAN.

Zero-shot speaker adaptation seeks to enable the cloning of voices for previously unseen speakers by leveraging only a few seconds of their speech samples. Nevertheless, existing zero-shot multi-speaker text-to-speech (TTS) systems continue to exhibit significant disparities in the synthesized speech quality and speaker similarity when comparing unseen to seen speakers. To address these challenges and improve synthesized speech quality and speaker similarity for unseen speakers, this study introduces an efficient zero-shot speaker-adaptive TTS model, DiffGAN-ZSTTS.

Intracellular dehydrogenation catalysis leads to reductive stress and immunosuppression.

Imbalanced redox homeostasis, involving either oxidative stress or reductive stress, can profoundly impact cellular functions, contributing to various diseases. While the implications of oxidative stress in the adverse effects of nanoparticles have been extensively studied, our comprehension of reductive stress within the context of nano-redox system interactions remains limited. Here we illuminate a domino effect initiated by the dehydrogenase-like activity of transition metal borides.

A real-world based study for immunogenicity and safety for three immunization schedules of polio vaccine.

To evaluate the immunogencity and safety for three immunization schedules of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) and bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (bOPV) for providing a basis for further optimization of the polio sequential immunization schedule. To obtain immunogenicity data and to active surveillance the occurrence of adverse events following immunization (AEFI), healthy infants ≥ 2 months of age were randomly chosen in Hebei Province, and were divided into three groups to be vaccinated with IPV-bOPV-bOPV(Group a), IPV-IPV-bOPV(Group b) and IPV-IPV-IPV(Group c) at 2, 3 and 4 months of age respectively. AEFI cases related to poliomyelitis vaccines in Hebei province by passive surveillance from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2022 were obtained from national adverse event following immunization surveillance system (NAEFISS).

Enhanced efficiency and security in cross-chain transmission of blockchain internet of ports through multi-feature-based joint learning.

The rapid development of Blockchain Internet of Things (IoT) has intensified the need for efficient and secure cross-chain transmission across heterogeneous systems. However, traditional cross-chain methods, such as hash time-locked contracts and relay chains, focus primarily on security and correctness while neglecting performance optimization. This limitation is particularly pronounced in high-dynamic environments like port areas, where network congestion, high latency, and uneven resource utilization are prevalent challenges.

Inactivation of necroptosis-promoting protein MLKL creates a therapeutic vulnerability in colorectal cancer cells.

Mortality from colorectal cancer (CRC) is significant, and novel CRC therapies are needed. A pseudokinase MLKL typically executes necroptotic cell death, and MLKL inactivation protects cells from such death. However, we found unexpectedly that MLKL gene knockout enhanced CRC cell death caused by a protein synthesis inhibitor homoharringtonine used for chronic myeloid leukemia treatment.

Asymmetric Catalytic Aziridination to Synthesize Spiro-aziridine Oxindoles.

Asymmetric catalytic aza-Michael-initiated ring closure of methyleneindolinones with N-tosyloxycarbamates has been established. The reaction using a chiral nickel complex catalyst enabled the formation of a series of spiro-aziridine oxindoles in good yields (up to 99 %) with high stereoselectivity (up to 97 % ee, >19 : 1 dr) under mild reaction conditions. Ring-opening of spiro-aziridine oxindole leads to formation of glycinate-bearing oxindoles with retention of configuration.

Construction of Dual Active-Site NH-MIL-125(Ti) for Efficient Selective Oxidation of Cyclohexylamine to Cyclohexanone Oxime.

In this work, dual active-site Ti-incorporated metal-organic frameworks (MIL-125 and NH-MIL-125) were synthesized by a simple solvothermal process and applied to prepare cyclohexanone oxime from cyclohexylamine oxidation. A low-temperature thermal calcination strategy was used for the modulation of surface properties while maintaining the crystal structure and morphology. The results demonstrated that novel bifunctional NH-MIL-125@250 °C obtained from thermal calcination possessed a large surface area with both oxygen vacancies and surface hydroxyl-active sites, promoting the adsorption and activation of cyclohexylamine and oxygen molecules, respectively.

The modulation of selective attention and divided attention on cross-modal congruence.

Previous studies have demonstrated that performance under selective attention and divided attention can be enhanced or impaired, depending on whether the stimuli from different modalities are the same or different. However, it remains unclear whether the modulation of selective attention and divided attention on cross-modal congruence involves shared or distinct neural mechanisms. To clarify this, the present study adopted an audiovisual Stroop task (measuring selective attention) and an audiovisual Matching task (measuring divided attention), using the same physical stimuli, along with event-related potential (ERP) and time-frequency measures.

Recyclable ZIF-8 inserted boronic acid-modified bacterial nanocellulose microspheres for improved tetracyclines removal from hoggery wastewater.

Herein, a novel recyclable composite microsphere PnBC/ZIF-8-CNs was successfully synthesized by incorporating the zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) into 3-aminophenylboronic acid modified bacterial nanocellulose microspheres (PnBC-MS). The structural characteristics were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as well as element energy X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) mapping, X-ray diffraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), and brunauer-emmett-teller (BET). The data showed that adsorption of PnBC/ZIF-8-CNs accorded with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model with spontaneous and endothermic process.

VRK2 promotes colorectal cancer growth and impedes immunotherapy and 5-FU treatment efficacy.

Vaccinia-Related Kinase 2 (VRK2), a member of the vaccinia virus-related protein kinase family, is crucial in regulating apoptosis and tumor cell growth signaling pathways. Despite its established roles in various cancers, investigations into its functions in colorectal cancer have been relatively limited. Utilizing The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases, this study assesses VRK2 expression across 33 cancer types, highlighting significant upregulation and diagnostic relevance, particularly in colorectal cancer, where it marks poor prognosis.

A hierarchically porous CoS-NiS heterojunction for high-performance lithium sulfur batteries.

The commercial development of lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) has been significantly hindered by the "shuttle effect" and the slow redox kinetics of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs). To solve these problems, researchers have designed a variety of catalysts for the conversion of LiPSs. However, the multi-step lithium polysulfide conversion process is difficult to be effectively solved by a single-function catalyst.

Generation of a homozygous CPAMD8 knockout human embryonic stem cell line (WAe009-A-2R) by CRISPR/Cas9 system.

CPAMD8, a constituent of the A2M/C3 (α-2-macroglobulin/complement 3) protein family, is strikingly expressed in the human fetal lens and distal neural retina. Mutations in CPAMD8 have been linked to anterior segment dysgenesis and primary congenital glaucoma. We utilized CRISPR/Cas9 technology to establish a homozygous CPAMD8 knockout human embryonic stem cell line for differentiating retinal organoids, with the intent of exploring the role of CPAMD8 in the early development of the human eye.

Lead (Pb) load interacts with oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster through MTF-1/Nrf2/JNK mediated metallothionein expression.

Lead (Pb) is one of the most severe and hazardous forms of heavy metal pollution, exerting its cytotoxicity primarily by inducing oxidative stress. The existing research focused on the effects of Pb on the redox balance of various organisms. However, the comprehension of the regulatory function of oxidative stress in Pb metabolism, particularly in insects, remains unknown.

Revealing the roles of climate, urban form, and vegetation greening in shaping the land surface temperature of urban agglomerations in the Yangtze River Economic Belt of China.

In the context of accelerating global warming, which profoundly affects ecosystems and human societies, it is crucial to understand the complex mechanisms through which climate, urban form, and vegetation greening influence land surface temperature (LST). This study investigates the distribution of LST across five urban agglomerations within the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) of China, analyzing both seasonal (summer-winter) and diurnal variations. A range of modeling techniques, including linear regression, Random Forest (RF), and Shapley's Additive interpretation (SHAP), are employed to reveal the complex relationships between LST and its driving factors.