Insight into Peroxymonosulfate Activation Catalyzed by Fe/Mn Bimetallic-Loaded In Situ Nitrogen-Doped Biochar: the Critical Role of Singlet Oxygen and Superoxide Radicals.

Water pollution caused by emerging contaminants poses significant environmental and health risks, while the management of invasive algal biomass remains an underutilized resource. This study presents a novel Fe/Mn-modified in situ N-doped -derived biochar catalyst (Fe/Mn/EP), addressing the dual challenges of efficient peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation and utilization of invasive algal biomass. Through a straightforward one-step pyrolysis approach, the obtained catalyst integrated nitrogen functionalities and bimetallic active sites, enabling it to achieve an outstanding catalytic performance.

Optimizing nitrogen removal with an immobilized biological filler system: realizing stage-independent operational process.

Due to the operation mode of traditional activated sludge systems, it is difficult for various functional bacteria to exert their respective advantages. In this study, immobilized fillers for hydrolytic acidification, nitrification, and denitrification were developed to allow independent operation at each stage, enhancing nitrogen removal performance of overall process. The results showed that ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen levels in the effluent stabilized at 0.

Polysaccharides Extracted from Old Stalks of L. Improve Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver by Increasing the Gut Butyric Acid Content and Improving Gut Barrier Function.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ranks among the most prevalent chronic liver diseases worldwide, yet effective treatments remain scarce. Old stalks of L. are rich in polysaccharides.

A How-To Approach to Estimating Surface Charge Density of Nano/Micro Particles through Aggregation Experiments Considering the Specific Ion Effect.

Accurate estimation of the surface charge density of nano/micro particles is crucial for regulating their environmental fate and bioavailability in the fields of environmental science and materials engineering. However, existing analytical methods for accurately estimating surface charge density remain significant challenges. In this study, we proposed a method for estimating the surface charge density of nano/micro particles through aggregation experiments using dynamic light scattering technology.

Five Transition Metal-Mixed Germanium Chalcogenide Materials: Solvothermal Syntheses, Crystal Structures, Photoelectric Response Properties, and Ion-Exchange Properties.

Germanium chalcogenides have attracted wide attention in inorganic chemistry because of their flexible structure and rich properties. Five new germanium chalcogenides containing transition metals such as manganese, zinc, and cadmium were synthesized by solvothermal methods using alkali metals as structural directing agents. RbMnGeSe (), CsMnGeSe (), and CsZnGeSe () have a one-dimensional chain structure and RbZnGeSe·HO () and RbCdGeSe () have a two-dimensional layer structure.

Nanoscale distribution of bioactive ligands on biomaterials regulates cell mechanosensing through translocation of actin into the nucleus.

Cells respond to adhesive ligands such as arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) through integrins, which regulates cellular activities via influencing cytoskeleton assembly. Herein, we report that the nanoscale distribution of active ligands on biomaterials regulates cells through not only cytoplasmic tension but also nuclear tension. This is particularly related to translocation of actin into nucleus and highlighted in our interpretation of an "abnormal" phenomenon that large RGD nanospacing (>70 nm) disassembles integrin clusters, inhibits cell adhesion, but promotes osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.

A WRKY transcription factor confers broad-spectrum resistance to biotic stresses and yield stability in rice.

Plants are subject to attack by diverse pests and pathogens. Few genes conferring broad-spectrum resistance to both insects and pathogens have been identified. Because of the growth-defense tradeoff, it is often challenging to balance biotic stress resistance and yield for crops.

STING Deficiency Promotes Th17-Like Tfh to Aggravate the Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the underlying mechanism that Th17-like T follicular helper cells (Tfh) orchestrated by STING signaling have a pathogenic role in experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU).

Methods: The differences of transcriptome and gene ontology (GO) pathway of Tfh between EAU and control mice were analyzed by single-cell RNA sequence (scRNA-seq) and bulk RNA sequence. Additionally, draining lymph nodes (DLNs) were extracted to verify the expression of IL-17A and IFN-γ in Tfh from EAU and control mice by flow cytometry.

Selective Electrochemical Oxidation of Methane to Ethanol over the CoO/LaOCO Heterojunction Catalyst.

Catalyzing methane (CH) at room temperature to value-added products is a promising approach, but high product selectivity remains a challenge. In this study, LaCoO was used as a precursor to synthesize LC (CoO/LaCoO) by adjusting the molar ratio of Co and La. When glycerol was added for hydrothermal modification, a carbon source was introduced into LC to form an efficient heterojunction material LC-C (CoO/LaOCO) capable of converting CH to ethanol at 2.

Enabling Aryl Chloride-Mediated Palladium/Norbornene Cooperative Catalysis.

While the palladium/norbornene (Pd/NBE) cooperative catalysis has become increasingly useful for arene functionalization, its substrate scope has been mainly restricted to reactive aryl iodides and bromides. Despite being a more available and attractive feedstock, common aryl chlorides have not been used as substrates for the Pd/NBE catalysis. Herein, we report the first general Pd/NBE-catalyzed vicinal difunctionalization of aryl chlorides.

Intraoperative hemodynamics in prediction of postoperative kidney injury after type a aortic dissection surgery: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Type A aortic dissection (TAAD) is a severe cardiovascular condition associated with high risks for postoperative complications, particularly renal dysfunction. This study investigated whether intraoperative hypotension and venous congestion are important predictors of postoperative kidney injury and major adverse events.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 543 adults undergoing TAAD surgery (2016-2023).

Gasotransmitter-Nanodonor for Spatial Regulation of Anxiety-Like Behavior and Bone Metastasis.

Anxiety is highly prevalent among cancer patients, significantly impacting their prognosis. Current cancer therapies typically lack anxiolytic properties and may even exacerbate anxiety. Here, a gasotransmitter-nanodonors (GND) system is presented that exerts dual anxiolytic and anti-tumor effects via a "tumor-brain axis" strategy.

pH-Responsive Engineered Exosomes Enhance Endogenous Hyaluronan Production by Reprogramming Chondrocytes for Cartilage Repair.

Trauma or inflammation-caused cartilage injury leads to joint dysfunction and pain. Exogenous hyaluronic acid (HA) injection is a well-established treatment, but it has a short duration in vivo and requires multiple injections. Here, a new strategy for in situ reprogramming chondrocytes to continuously produce endogenous high molecular weight HA is developed.

A Flexible and Stretchable Triboelectric Nanogenerator with Agarose/P(HEA-co-AA)-Al/NaCl Electrodes for Bio-Mechanical Energy Harvesting and Fall Detection.

Recent advancements in wearable electronics for fall detection have shown significant potential, yet challenges remain in developing reliable, energy-efficient systems capable of continuous monitoring in real-world conditions. In this work, a double-network (DN) conductive hydrogel, comprising NaCl-coordinated agarose and poly (2-hydroxyethyl acrylate-co-acrylic acid) (Agarose/P(HEA-co-AA)-Al/NaCl) (APA-hydrogel), was synthesized. The agarose forms a stable first network, while the second network is established by P(HEA-co-AA) through aluminum ion coordination.

Strong Persistent Luminescence NaYF-based Nanoparticles Combined with Manipulated Hyperfractionated Irradiation for X-ray-Excited Photodynamic Therapy Enhancement.

X-ray-excited photodynamic therapy (X-PDT), a novel synergistic therapy combining radiotherapy (RT) with photodynamic therapy (PDT), demonstrates not only more effective therapeutic outcomes but also overcomes the limitation of PDT's shallow penetration depth. Persistent luminescence nanoparticles (PLNPs) have been employed in X-PDT due to their unique afterglow emission, which yields more light to achieve more effective PDT outcomes using the same irradiation dose. However, at present, persistent luminescent materials used in X-PDT are mainly bulk crystals characterized by a nonuniform size and morphology, which are not suitable for biomedical applications, and the presence of excessive surface defects reduces the luminescence efficiency and the persistent luminescence duration.

3-D Printable Living Hydrogels as Portable Bio-energy Devices.

Harnessing engineered living materials for energy application represents a promising avenue to sustainable energy conversion and storage, with bio-batteries emerging as a pivotal direction for sustainable power supply. Whereas, the realization of miniaturized and portable bio-battery orchestrating off-the-shelf devices remains a significant challenge. Here, this work reports the development of a miniaturized and portable bio-battery using living hydrogels containing conductive biofilms encapsulated in an alginate matrix for nerve stimulation.

Hemolysin III drives neuroinvasion and meningitis while impacting desiccation resilience in .

Unlabelled: is an emerging pathogen associated with severe neonatal diseases, including meningitis. Its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is critical for meningitis development, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigates the role of Hemolysin III (Hly III), encoded by the , in neuroinvasion and environmental resilience.

Hydration Induces Dehydration: Creating Negative Swelling Gel by a Paradox.

Swelling positively in water is a common behavior of hydrogels, which, however, can lead to reduced mechanical performance and stability. Enabling negative swelling represents a promising way to address those issues but is extremely challenging to realize. Here, real negative swelling hydrogels are successfully prepared for the first time through a unique molecular architecture.

Wheat Source-Sink Metabolic Network Dynamics during Grain Filling under Drought-Heat Combined Stress.

Abiotic stresses such as drought (DS), heat (HS), and drought-heat combined stress (HD) frequently occur during wheat grain filling, significantly impacting yield and quality. This study investigated the response of a widely cultivated high-quality, strong-gluten wheat variety (Xinong 979) to DS, HS, and HD at the morphological, physiological, biochemical, and molecular levels during grain filling. Results indicated that abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation ability and proline accumulation were significantly enhanced under HD, with significant reductions in photosynthetic capacity, grain dimensions, and thousand kernel weight (TKW).

Tailoring nanovectors for optimal neoantigen vaccine efficacy.

The primary objective of neoantigen vaccines is to elicit a robust anti-tumor immune response by generating neoantigen-specific T cells that can eradicate tumor cells. Despite substantial advancements in personalized neoantigen prediction using next-generation sequencing, machine learning, and mass spectrometry, challenges remain in efficiently expanding neoantigen-specific T cell populations . This challenge impedes the widespread clinical application of neoantigen vaccines.

Spontaneous Anionic Double Capture/Displacement to Trigger Single-Ion Conducting Interpenetrating Polymer Networks with Desired Ionic Conductivity for Durable Zn Metal Batteries.

The engineering of single-ion conductors (SICs) is a promising strategy to stabilize the anode/electrolyte interface in zinc-ion batteries. However, the commonly employed single-ion conductive solid or quasi-solid electrolytes often lead to a significant reduction in overall ionic conductivity, thereby impeding ion diffusion kinetics. Here, we propose a compromise strategy that effectively balances ionic conductivity and ion transference number.

Strengthening Liquid Crystal Elastomer Muscles.

ConspectusLiquid crystal elastomer fibers (LCEFs) are reversible artificial muscles capable of stimuli-responsive functions, making them promising competitors for ideal soft actuators. These remarkable actuation properties depend strongly on their mechanical properties, such as elastic modulus and breaking stress. It is necessary to strengthen the LCEF muscles to meet the demands of advanced applications.

Construction of Large-Scale Bioengineered Hair Germs and In Vivo Transplantation.

Hair follicle (HF) regeneration technology holds promise for treating hair loss, but creating a biomimetic structure that mimics the natural follicle microenvironment remains challenging. Here a novel bioengineered hair germ (BHG) is developed using thermodynamically incompatible mucopolysaccharides to enhance HF regeneration efficiency. Mucopolysaccharide-based hydrogels are synthesized by grafting amino and diethylamino groups (dihydroxyphenylalanine-grafted hyaluronic acid (HME) hydrogels) for rapid gelation and strong wetting adhesion.

Verifying the Unique Charge Migration Pathway in Polymeric Homojunctions for Artificial Photosynthesis of Hydrogen Peroxide.

Artificial photosynthesis for producing high-value hydrogen peroxide (HO) using carbon nitride-based systems holds immense potential. However, understanding the charge transfer dynamics in homojunction photocatalysts remains a significant challenge owing to the limitations of current characterization techniques. Here, a polymeric CN/CN homojunction (CNHJ) is employed as a model system to probe interfacial electron transfer.

Exploring the Interaction Between HLA-B27 and Other Risk Factors of Valvular Heart Disease in Axial Spondyloarthritis.

Objectives: HLA-B27 plays a critical role in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). Valvular heart disease (VHD) is a life-threatening extra-articular manifestation of axSpA. The evidence for the association between HLA-B27 and VHD in axSpA is still scarce and controversial.