Targeting Synthesis of Diatomic Catalysts by Selective Etching and Sequential Adsorption of Metal Atom.

Diatomic catalysts featuring a tunable structure and synergetic effects hold great promise for various reactions. However, their precise construction with specific configurations and diverse metal combinations is still challenging. Here, a selective etching and metal ion adsorption strategy is proposed to accurately assign a second metal atom (M) geminal to the single atom site (M-N) for constructing diatomic sites (e.

Inhibition of IRE-1α Alleviates Pyroptosis and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis by Suppressing Gasdermin D.

Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a significant risk factor for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, for which there is currently no effective treatment. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanism between endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) and pyroptosis in the liver under the context of MASH.

Methods And Results: Pyroptosis was examined in both in vivo and in vitro ER stress models.

Research on the Adsorption Mechanism and Performance of Cotton Stalk-Based Biochar.

In this research, we produced two types of biochar (BC) using cotton stalks as raw material and KOH as an activator, and compared their performance and adsorption mechanisms in the removal of tetracycline (TC) and methylene blue (MB) from wastewater. The results showed that the biochar generated using both procedures formed pores that connected to the interior of the biochar and had extensive microporous and mesoporous structures. The molten salt approach produces biochar with a higher specific surface area, larger pore size, and higher pore volume than the impregnation method, with a maximum specific surface area of 3095 m/g.

Swedish Genome-Wide Haplotype Association Analysis Suggests Breast Cancer Loci with Varying Risk-Modifying Effects.

To find support for risk-modifying genes in breast cancer, a haplotype GWAS in sporadic breast cancer cases was undertaken. The results were compared with the results from previous analyses in familial cases and all cases from the same Swedish cohort. In total, 2550 women with sporadic invasive breast cancer and 5021 healthy controls were included in a sliding-window haplotype GWAS using PLINK 1.

Neurotrophin-3 as a mediator in the link between PM exposure and psychiatric disorders: A Mendelian randomization study.

Background: The causal relationship between PM (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm) and common mental disorders, along with its neuropathological mechanisms, remains unclear.

Methods: We used genome-wide association study datasets from the UK Biobank and Psychiatric Genomics Consortium to systematically investigate the causal relationship between PM and nine common psychiatric disorders using two-sample Mendelian randomization (TSMR) methods.

Cyclin E1/CDK2 activation defines a key vulnerability to WEE1 kinase inhibition in gynecological cancers.

Upregulation of Cyclin E1 and subsequent activation of CDK2 accelerates cell cycle progression from G1 to S phase and is a common oncogenic driver in gynecological malignancies. WEE1 kinase counteracts the effects of Cyclin E1/CDK2 activation by regulating multiple cell cycle checkpoints. Here we characterized the relationship between Cyclin E1/CDK2 activation and sensitivity to the selective WEE1 inhibitor azenosertib.

High-Definition, Video-Rate Triple-Channel NIR-II Imaging Using Shadowless Lamp Excitation and Illumination.

Multichannel imaging in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) window offers vital and comprehensive information for complex surgical environments, yet a simple, high-quality, video-rate multichannel imaging method with low safety risk remains to be proposed. Centered at the superior NIR-IIx window of 1400-1500 nm, triple-channel imaging coordinated with 1000-1100 and 1700-1880 nm (NIR-IIc) achieves exceptional clarity and an impressive signal-to-crosstalk ratio as high as 22.10.

Penile suspensory ligament: anatomy, function, and clinical perspectives of its repair.

Background: The penile suspensory ligament (PSL) plays a significant role in penile support and erection and its injury or congenital absence may result in functional impairment of erectile function.

Aim: To describe the diagnosis and surgical repair technique for PSL abnormalities and overall outcomes.

Methods: A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to understand the anatomic relevance of the PSL and historical management of PSL defects.

NIR II Laser-Triggered Photothermal Nanoplatform for Multimodal Imaging-Guided Synergistic Therapy toward Colon Cancer.

Colon cancer is one kind of malignant digestive tract tumor with high morbidity and mortality worldwide, treatments for which still face great challenges. Recently emerged intervention strategies such as phototherapy and gas therapy have displayed promising effects in the treatment of colon cancer, but their application are still hindered due to insufficient tumor targeting and deeper tissue penetrating capacity. Herein, in the present study, we developed one theranostic nanoplatform Cet-CDs-SNO (CCS) to realize multimodal imaging-guided synergistic colon cancer therapy.

Spin polarization induced by atomic strain of MBene promotes the ·O production for groundwater disinfection.

Superbugs in groundwater are posing severe health risks through waterborne pathways. An emerging approach for green disinfection lies at photocatalysis, which levers the locally generated superoxide radical (·O) for neutralization. However, the spin-forbidden feature of O hinders the photocatalytic generation of active ·O, and thus greatly limited the disinfection efficiency, especially for real groundwater with a low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration.

[The efficacy of vonoprazan fumarate in the treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease evaluated by the Chinese version of the RSS-12 scale].

To explore the efficacy of vonoprazan fumarate in the treatment of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease（LPRD） evaluated by the Chinese version of the RSS-12 scale. A total of 100 LPRD patients treated in the otolaryngology-head and neck surgery outpatient clinic of our hospital were randomly divided into two groups（50 cases each）. The observation group was treated with vonoprazan fumarate（20 mg, once daily）, and the control group was treated with esomeprazole enteric-coated capsules（20 mg, twice daily） for 12 weeks.

SARS-CoV-2 membrane protein induces neurodegeneration via affecting Golgi-mitochondria interaction.

Background: Neurological complications are a significant concern of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the pathogenic mechanism of neurological symptoms associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is poorly understood.

Methods: We used Drosophila as a model to systematically analyze SARS-CoV-2 genes encoding structural and accessory proteins and identified the membrane protein (M) that disrupted mitochondrial functions in vivo.

Electron transfer tuning for persulfate activation via the radical and non-radical pathways with biochar mediator.

Electron mediator-based in-situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) offers a novel strategy for groundwater remediation due to diverse reaction pathways. However, distinguishing and further tuning the reaction pathway remains challenging. Herein, biochar as an electron mediator targeted active peroxysulphate (PDS) via the radical or non-radical pathway.

Multi-DNAzymes cascade reaction mediated aptasensors for OTA detection based on the integration of autocatalytic Mg-dependent DNAzyme cleavage and entropy-driven circuit.

Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a compound of concern due to its potential health effects on humans. Detecting OTA in food is crucial for safeguarding public health. In this study, we fabricated a multi-DNAzyme cascade reaction-mediated colorimetric aptasensors for OTA detection, integrating autocatalytic Mg-dependent DNAzyme cleavage (MNAzyme) and an entropy-driven circuit.

An ultrasound image segmentation method for thyroid nodules based on dual-path attention mechanism-enhanced UNet+.

Purpose: This study aims to design an auxiliary segmentation model for thyroid nodules to increase diagnostic accuracy and efficiency, thereby reducing the workload of medical personnel.

Methods: This study proposes a Dual-Path Attention Mechanism (DPAM)-UNet++ model, which can automatically segment thyroid nodules in ultrasound images. Specifically, the model incorporates dual-path attention modules into the skip connections of the UNet++ network to capture global contextual information in feature maps.

Polydatin-Mediated Inhibition of HSP90α Disrupts NLRP3 Complexes and Alleviates Acute Pancreatitis.

The NLRP3 inflammasome plays a critical role in various inflammatory conditions. However, despite extensive research in targeted drug development for NLRP3, including MCC950, clinical success remains elusive. Here, we discovered that the activated NLRP3 inflammasome complex (disc-NLRP3) and the activating mutation L351P exhibited resistance to MCC950.

Street View Image-Based Road Marking Inspection System Using Computer Vision and Deep Learning Techniques.

Road markings are vital to the infrastructure of roads, conveying extensive guidance and information to drivers and autonomous vehicles. However, road markings will inevitably wear out over time and impact traffic safety. At the same time, the inspection and maintenance of road markings is an enormous burden on human and economic resources.

Effects of Sizing Agents and Resin-Formulated Matrices with Varying Stiffness-Toughness Ratios on the Properties of Carbon Fiber Epoxy Resin Composites.

Interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) and compressive strength are two of the most critical properties of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP). In this report, three types of epoxy resins-4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane epoxy resin (AG-80), bisphenol A epoxy resin (E-1NT), and novolac epoxy (EPN)-were studied. E-1NT is characterized by low viscosity and low cost but exhibits poor mechanical properties, while AG-80 offers better wetting with carbon fiber.

Immunization but not natural infection of horses results in antibody activity against the S protein of Streptococcus equi subsp equi.

Objective: Evaluate the immunogenicity of a vaccine targeting the S protein (Ssee) of Streptococcus equi subsp equi and determine antibody activity against Ssee in horses with strangles.

Methods: The study was designed as a prospective experiment using 20 university-owned Quarter Horses and a cross-sectional serosurvey of 78 privately owned horses with strangles. Horses were immunized IM with 0 (n = 4), 200 (n = 8), or 400 (n = 8) μg of recombinant Ssee at weeks 0, 4, and 12.

Trehalose Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease by Regulating IRE1α-TFEB Signaling Pathway.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), characterized by hepatic lipid deposition, is one of the most prevalent chronic metabolic disorders globally, and its pharmaceutical treatments are still limited. Excessive lipid accumulation triggers endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy flux dysfunction, which are important mechanisms for NAFLD. Trehalose (Tre), a natural disaccharide, has been identified to reduce hepatic steatosis and glucose intolerance.

Calcific Uremic Arteriolopathy (CUA) Among Malaysian Dialysis Patients: Clinical Characteristics, Treatment, and Outcomes.

Background Calcific uremic arteriolopathy (CUA) is a rare but debilitating disease affecting patients with kidney disease. Reported risk factors of CUA in the literature include female sex, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and vitamin K antagonists' (VKAs) usage. CUA prevalence in Malaysia is unknown and has not been reported before.

TMSN Initiated Electrochemical Mono-Dealkylation of Tertiary Amides.

-Dealkylation of amides is a general process in living organisms and organic synthetic chemistry, but an efficient chemical approach for this transformation has not been explored. Herein, we report an electrochemical method for the monodealkylation of a wide range of tertiary amides, including benzamides, alkyl amides, lactams, and sulfonamides. The reaction proceeds smoothly under mild conditions using TMSN as the initiator and is not limited to deethylation or demethylation.