Impact of foot-and-mouth disease virus on memory T and B cell populations in swine.

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is a highly contagious picornavirus that poses a serious threat to the global livestock industry. This study aimed to investigate the impact of FMDV infection on the memory immune response in pigs and to analyze the role of type II interferon (IFN-γ) in this process. By comparing pigs artificially infected with FMDV and those vaccinated with inactivated FMDV vaccine, we found that FMDV infection significantly suppressed the development of memory T helper (Th) and B cell populations, affecting the memory immune response.

Efficacy-Oriented Morphological Refinement: The Design of Multilayered Nanostructures for Improved Light Harvesting.

The development of high-performance photothermal nanomaterials is essential for advancing clinical diagnostics, biosensing, and energy conservation technologies. In this study, the potential of multilayered nanostructures to enhance light trapping and improve photothermal efficiency was investigated. We successfully synthesized innovative triple-layer Prussian blue nanocubes (tl-Pt@PBNCs) with a multilevel core-shell architecture, optimizing them for both structural stability and exceptional photothermal performance.

Detection of Treponema pallidum DNA for diagnosis, resistance identification, and treatment outcome prediction in early syphilis among men who have sex with men.

Objectives: We investigated the use of Treponema pallidum DNA (TP-DNA) for diagnosis, resistance identification, and treatment outcome prediction in early syphilis among men who have sex with men (MSM).

Methods: MSM seeking care for sexually transmitted infections were prospectively enrolled from September 2021 to August 2024. Oral rinse, rectal swab, and urethral swab samples were tested for TP-DNA.

Guizhi Fuling capsules can alleviate bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy by decreasing Interleukin-6 levels to regulate mTOR pathway-induced autophagy.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect and underlying mechanism of Guizhi Fuling capsule (GZFL) on bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy (BiPN).

Materials And Methods: Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in the plasma of Multiple myeloma (MM) patients were measured by ELISA, and correlation analysis between IL-6 and clinical features of BiPNs was performed. Then, we assess the clinical therapeutic effects of GZFL on MM patients by detecting IL-6 level, PN grade, FACT score, VAS score, MVC and SCV before and after the treatment.

Enzymatic cascade amplification-modulated Thermus thermophilus Argonaute biosensor for simultaneous monitoring of multiple Piwi-interacting RNAs.

PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) play critical regulatory roles in a variety of physiological and pathological process, and their aberrant expression levels are implicated in the progression and prognosis of cancers. Herein, we construct an enzymatic cascade amplification-modulated Thermus thermophilus Argonaute (TtAgo) biosensor for simultaneous monitoring of multiple piRNAs (i.e.

Elucidating the size distribution of p‑Phenylenediamine-Derived quinones in atmospheric particles.

Transformed from p-phenylenediamines (PPDs) antioxidant, PPD-derived quinones (PPD-Qs) have recently been recognized as emerging contaminants due to their potential negative impacts on the environment and human health. While there have been measurements of airborne PPD-Qs, the size distribution of PPD-Qs and the impact of particle size on PPD transformation chemistry remain largely unknown. Here, through the measurements of atmospheric particles in three megacities in China (Beijing, Xi'an, and Hefei), we find that PPD-Qs are widely distributed in these cities.

Graft copolymerization synthesis of chitosan-polyferric sulfate composite coagulant to improve biogas slurry treatment toward effective irrigation.

Biogas slurry from anaerobic digestion of organic wastes can be a potential biofertilizer for agricultural irrigation, which however, is challenged by suspended solids and contaminants. Thus, this study synthesized a composite coagulant and optimized its performance to advance biogas slurry treatment. A natural-synthetic polymer, chitosan (CTS), was modified by 2-methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC) via graft copolymerization and then combined with polyferric sulfate (PFS) to formulate the composite CTS-g(DMC)-PFS coagulant.

Investigation of the oxidation rules and oxidative stability of seabuckthorn fruit oil during storage based on lipidomics and metabolomics.

Seabuckthorn fruit oil (SBFO) is recognized for its high nutritional value, yet it remains highly prone to oxidation during storage. The changes in its primary components and micronutrient molecules during storage have not been thoroughly investigated. This study employed untargeted lipidomics and metabolomics to dynamically monitor alterations in lipid composition and metabolites of SBFO over 30 days of accelerated storage.

Bimetallic Metal-Organic Framework Catalyst to Accelerate Sulfur Conversion Kinetics for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are highly attractive due to their exceptional theoretical energy density (2600 Wh kg) and low cost. However, their practical deployment is limited by critical issues, including pronounced polysulfide shuttling and slow reaction kinetics. In this study, we report the development of a novel Mo-Zn bimetallic ZIF-8 catalyst designed to address these issues.

Evaluation of sample pooling for gene sequencing of SARS-CoV-2: a simulation study.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to pose a significant public health threat, requiring epidemiological and genomic surveillance. Next generation sequencing (NGS) is commonly utilized for monitoring viral evolution at a high cost. This study evaluated pooled sequencing as a cost-effective tool for monitoring virus variants.

Future Directions of the Prokaryotic Chromosome Field.

In September 2023, the Biology and Physics of Prokaryotic Chromosomes meeting ran at the Lorentz Center in Leiden, The Netherlands. As part of the workshop, those in attendance developed a series of discussion points centered around current challenges for the field, how these might be addressed, and how the field is likely to develop over the next 10 years. The Lorentz Center staff facilitated these discussions via tools aimed at optimizing productive interactions.

Solid-State Nanopore Sensors: Analyte Quantification by Event Frequency Analysis at High Voltages.

Solid state nanopores have emerged as an important electrical label-free single-molecule detection platform. While much effort has been spent on analyzing the current trace to determine size, shape and charge of the translocating species, a less studied aspect is the number of events and how this relates to analyte concentration. In this work we systematically investigate how the event frequency depends on voltage applied across the pore and show that this dependence can be utilized to determine target concentration.

Long non-coding RNA LINC00520 promotes malignant progression of gastric adenocarcinoma through miR-519b-3p/HIF1A axis.

Gastric cancer is a prevalent malignant tumor, characterized by high morbidity and mortality rates globally. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of transcripts exceeding 200 nucleotides in length, are non-protein-coding molecules that exert crucial regulatory functions in cellular biology. Investigating the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in gastric cancer is essential.

Multilevel, solar-blind, and thermostable physical unclonable functions based on host-sensitized luminescence of β-GaO:Dy .

Optical physical unclonable functions (PUFs) are powerful tools to combat counterfeiting, owing to their unpredictable preparation processes and unique, identifiable information content. Achieving high entropy and robustness in optical PUFs is essential for practical applications but remains challenging. This study demonstrates a multilevel, solar-blind, and thermostable PUF based on host-sensitized luminescence of trivalent dysprosium (Dy) in β-phase gallium oxide (β-GaO).

Eustachian Tube Characteristics in Patients With Turner Syndrome: A CT-Based Radiological Analysis.

Background: Patients with Turner syndrome (TS) commonly experience acute otitis media and Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD). Comparison of the anatomical features of the Eustachian tube (ET) between TS patients and age-matched controls may provide insights into the high prevalence of ETD in TS.

Methods: This study compared the ET angle, length, and diameters of the bone segment, bone-cartilage (BC) junction, and pharyngeal opening between TS patients and control children.

Toxicological landscape of Fuzi: a comprehensive study on the spatial distribution of toxicants and regional neurotoxicity variability in zebrafish.

Fuzi, a Chinese herb widely used in clinical settings, exhibits varying levels of toxicity depending on its geographical origin. Diester-type alkaloids are the primary contributors to the toxicity of Fuzi. This study aims to investigate regional differences and underlying mechanisms of Fuzi-induced neurotoxicity across China.

Chitosan films incorporated with cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsions stabilized by methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride esterified corn starch for pork preservation.

Chitosan films containing cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsions (CEO-PEs) stabilized by methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride esterified corn starch (MeCS) were prepared and characterized. The incorporation of CEO-PEs was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The cinnamon essential oil content affected the color of film significantly (p < 0.

The application of emerging technologies for the quality and safety evaluation of oilseeds and edible oils.

Oilseeds and edible oils are an indispensable part for the human diet and provide nutritional support for the human health. It has been reported a total of above 170 million tons per annum of edible oils consumption were consumed worldwide. Safety and quality of oilseeds and edible oils cannot be ignored, which can pose risk to human health and cause agro-economic loss.

Determinants of generalized anxiety and construction of a predictive model in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) frequently experience exacerbations requiring multiple hospitalizations over prolonged disease courses, which predispose them to generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). This comorbidity exacerbates breathing difficulties, activity limitations, and social isolation. While previous studies predominantly employed the GAD 7-item scale for screening, this approach is somewhat subjective.

The impact of emotional abuse on Internet addiction in Chinese children: the sequential mediation roles of emotional dysregulation and regulatory emotional self-efficacy.

Background: In China, emotional abuse and Internet addiction are increasingly prevalent among children, with significant negative effects on their development. Previous research has identified childhood emotional abuse as a major risk factor for Internet addiction in both adolescents and adults. However, the immediate impact of emotional abuse on children's Internet addiction within Chinese culture remains unclear.

Renewable chitin-derived hard carbon as a free-standing anode for sodium-ion batteries.

A renewable strategy has been investigated to controllably synthesize hard carbon from biomass chitin. The obtained materials exhibit network-like porous structures with satisfactory N-doping contents, and realize remarkable initial coulombic efficiencies, cycling stabilities and rate capabilities as free-standing anodes for sodium-ion batteries.

Quantification of Left Ventricular Trabecular Complexity in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Fractal Analysis: A Feasibility and Reproducibility Study.

Purpose: To investigate the left ventricular (LV) trabecular complexity and evaluate its relationship with LV cardiac function and especially myocardial strain in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).

Materials And Methods: A total of 100 patients were retrospectively recruited in the study, including 50 obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HOCM) and 50 nonobstructive HCM (NOHCM). Fifty age-matched and sex-matched healthy participants were also enrolled.

Enhanced particle transport in nonpolar solvents driven by electric fields: Elucidating the roles of electrophoresis and electro-osmosis through numerical simulation.

By introducing appropriate surfactants to nonpolar solvents, charged inverse micelles can be incorporated as charge carriers, facilitating stable particle suspensions via electrostatic interactions. The presence of these charge carriers enables electric-field-induced transport phenomena, notably electrophoresis and electro-osmosis, to occur in these systems. As a consequence, these nonpolar-solvent systems are used in a wide range of applications, such as electronic paper displays and smart windows.

Mobility reversal and absolute negative mobility induced by an internal degree of freedom.

We study a Brownian motor that consists of two linearly coupled particles moving in a symmetric periodic potential and subjected to an unbiased harmonic driving in combination with a constant external force. Although a trajectory of the single-particle system must also be a valid trajectory of the corresponding coupled-particle system, the stability of the trajectory does not necessarily hold. It is revealed that, for proper strength of the interparticle coupling K, parametric resonance, which may break the stability of the trajectory, emerges.

Restriction of Posterior Tibial Translation During the Posterior Drawer Test in Internal or External Rotation Is Dependent on Peripheral Stabilizers of the Knee: A Biomechanical Robotic Investigation.

Background: The posteromedial and posterolateral structures of the knee have previously been shown to be secondary restraints to posterior tibial translation (PTT). The effect of these structures may increase when performing the posterior drawer test in internal or external rotation.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose was to investigate the influence of the posteromedial and posterolateral structures on restricting PTT in neutral, external, and internal rotation.