Physiological, ionomic, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal molecular mechanisms of root adaption to salt stress in water spinach.

Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.) is an important leaf vegetable affected by salt stress, however, little is known about its salt adaption mechanism. Here, we integrated physiomics, ionomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics to analyze the root adaptation response of two water spinach varieties, BG (salt-tolerant) and MF (salt-sensitive), at 150 mM NaCl.

Magnolol protects C6 glioma cells against neurotoxicity of FB1 via modulating PI3K/Akt and mitochondria-associated apoptosis signaling pathways.

Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is a contaminant commonly occurring in crops and food. Mycotoxin contamination, including FB1, has been progressively shown to be an important risk factor in mediating neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative diseases. Studies have found that magnolol (MAG) exhibits favorable pharmacological effects in the central nervous system.

Immunogenic cross-reactivity between different serotypes novel duck reoviruses: Evaluation of cross-protection provided by mono or bivalent vaccine.

To investigate the immunogenic cross-reactivity among different novel duck reovirus isolates, animals immunized with monovalent inactivated duck reovirus were challenged with homologous and heterologous viruses, and serum samples were collected after immunization for cross-neutralization test. The results showed that the virus neutralizing titer against homologous virus was significantly higher than that against heterologous virus(p < 0.000001), which indicated that there was an important difference in antigenicity between DE13 and WL01 strains, which affected the specificity of protective virus neutralizing antibodies induced.

Enhanced prediction of total purine content in hyperspectral images of diverse livestock meat samples using optimization algorithm.

This research looks at rapid detection and algorithm optimization of total purine in livestock meat with the goal of supporting the creation of low-purine diets. First, the prediction models for total purine content of single species were constructed based on chemical and hyperspectral data. Next, the correlation of spectral curves between different species by Hausdorff distance and Pearson correlation coefficient were analyzed to explore differential purine variation in mixed livestock meat.

Nitrogen metabolism of the highly ureolytic bacterium Proteus penneri S99 isolated from the rumen.

Background: The model rumen-dominant ureolytic bacterium P. penneri S99 exhibits high urease activity. It was cultivated using ammonia, urea, amino acids, or their combination as nitrogen sources.

A new method for quantitative characterization of dynamic migration behavior of NaCl in beef during marinating.

The accumulation and uniformity of the distribution of the marinade throughout the meat over time is significantly influenced the quality of marinated meat. Based on the commonly used wet-immersion marinating method. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) was used to quantitatively analyze the diffusion dynamics of NaCl in beef, which has advantages of rapid time dimension and continuous space dimension when acquiring optical signal of samples.

Transcriptomics and proteomics provide insights into the adaptative strategies of Tibetan naked carps (Gymnocypris przewalskii) to saline-alkaline variations.

Gymnocypris przewalskii is an exclusively cyprinid fish that inhabits Lake Qinghai, which is characterized by high salinity and alkalinity. To elucidate the molecular basis of the adaptation of G. przewalskii to a wide range of salinity‒alkalinity conditions, we performed morphological, biochemical, transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of the major osmoregulatory organs of the gills and kidney.

Dietary herbs that interact with gut microbiota: roles as anti-stroke agents.

Unlabelled: Growing evidence suggests that dietary herbs can prevent stroke by regulating the composition and structure of gut microbiota. The components of dietary herbs can also be metabolized or converted into bioactive molecules for treating stroke by gut microbiota, and exert therapeutic effects by inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and other processes caused by stroke. A deep understanding of the mechanism of gut microbiota-mediated dietary herbal intervention in stroke is of great significance for the treatment and drug screening of stroke diseases.

Large-scale distribution and ecological risk assessment of inorganic arsenic in surface sediments of Chinese marginal seas.

Chinese marginal seas play a crucial role in sea-land interactions, but there is limited large-scale research on the occurrence and ecological risks of As in these areas. This study employed an extensive investigation on the spatial distribution and fractions of As in surface sediments across all four Chinese marginal seas, encompassing 111 sampling sites. The results revealed that the surface sediments exhibited elevated levels of total As content, surpassing those observed in other marginal seas worldwide.

Genome-wide identification of short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases genes and functional characterization of in melanin biosynthesis in .

Introduction: can cause large areas wilted and death of × , resulting in serious ecological and economic losses. Previous studies found that the appressorium of must form to invade the host cells and cause disease. A short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase gene has been shown to maintain the osmotic pressure of the appressorium by synthesizing fungal melanin to penetrate the plant epidermis and cause disease.

Flavones enrich rhizosphere Pseudomonas to enhance nitrogen utilization and secondary root growth in Populus.

Plant growth behavior is a function of genetic network architecture. The importance of root microbiome variation driving plant functional traits is increasingly recognized, but the genetic mechanisms governing this variation are less studied. Here, we collect roots and rhizosphere soils from nine Populus species belonging to four sections (Leuce, Aigeiros, Tacamahaca, and Turanga), generate metabolite and transcription data for roots and microbiota data for rhizospheres, and conduct comprehensive multi-omics analyses.

Nicotine's impact on platelet function: insights into hemostasis mechanisms.

Introduction: Traditional Miao and Dai Chinese medicines have used nicotine-rich leaf tobacco to treat traumatic injuries by promoting hemostasis. While nicotine is known to enhance platelet aggregation, its effects on other platelet functions and underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods And Results: This study aimed to thoroughly investigate nicotine's effects on human platelets and its pharmacological mechanisms, using thromboelastography to assess nicotine's impact on platelet function during coagulation.

Multifunctional Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrate for Pretreatment and Rapid Detection of Pesticide Residues on the Surface of Fruit Peels.

A multifunctional surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate FeO@AgNPs@MIL-101 was prepared. Rapid SERS detection of pesticide residues was realized by direct pre-enrichment and separation on the peel surface. MIL-101 has an ortho-octahedral framework and large pore size, which endowed FeO@AgNPs@MIL-101 with the ability to rapidly adsorb and separate positively charged targets.

TEPA modified magnetic cellulose nanocrystals for efficient and highly selective removal of Cr(VI) from electroplating wastewater by high-density amine-based sites.

Efficient and highly selective elimination of Cr(VI) from electroplating effluent with complex nature is still very meaningful and challenging. Here, based on the mechanism of selective adsorption, an amino-functionalized cellulose-based magnetic adsorbent (FeO@CNC@TEPA) was designed with efficient and cost-effective. The adsorbent base material cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) was combined with a magnetic core (FeO) by co-precipitation, and then the selective functional monomer tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) was grafted onto the CNC surface in large quantities under the action of the cross-linking agent epichlorohydrin (ECH).

Prediction and control for the transmission of brucellosis in inner Mongolia, China.

Brucellosis, a zoonotic infectious disease caused by the Brucella genus, remains a significant global public health concern, with Inner Mongolia, China, being a notable hotspot affecting both human health and livestock. In response to this, we developed a dynamic SEIVWSII model to simulate the transmission of brucellosis in Inner Mongolia. We calculated the basic reproduction number (R = 2.

Enantioselective Trifluoromethylazidation of Styrenyl Olefins Catalyzed by an Engineered Nonheme Iron Enzyme.

Organofluorines, particularly those containing trifluoromethyl (CF) groups, play a critical role in medicinal chemistry. While trifluoromethylation of alkenes provides a powerful synthetic route to construct CF-containing compounds with broad structural and functional diversity, achieving enantioselective control in these reactions remains a formidable challenge. In this study, we engineered a nonheme iron enzyme, quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase from Bacillus subtilis (BsQueD), for the enantioselective trifluoromethylazidation of alkenes.

[Determination of three metabolites of thromboxane A and 8-iso-prostaglandin F in urine by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

Thromboxane A (TXA), a prothrombotic factor that induces platelet aggregation and thrombosis, acts as a vasoconstrictor by activating TXA receptors (TP receptors). TXA is extremely unstable and metabolizes into three major metabolites: 2,3-dinor thromboxane B (2,3-dinor-TXB), 11-dehydro TXB(11-dh-TXB), and 11-dehydro-2,3-dinor TXB(11-dh-2,3-dinor-TXB). 8-Iso-prostaglandin F(8-iso-PGF), a prostaglandin-like compound widely considered the best biomarker of oxidative stress, can also activate TP receptors.

Clinical and safety outcomes associated with aristolochic acid exposure: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Current studies have clearly shown that aristolochic acid (AA) exposure can induce a variety of diseases, such as kidney disease, liver cancer, and urinary tract cancer (UTC). However, no studies have systematically analyzed and integrated these results. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the association between AA exposure and the risk of safety outcomes for AA-related overall disease and different types of disease it causes.

The moderating role of parent-child interaction in the relationship between maltreatment and psychological well-being among preschool children.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the relationship between maltreatment and psychological well-being among preschool children and explore parent-child interaction's moderating role on this association.

Methods: This study employed a cross-sectional design and multistage stratified cluster random sampling method. Between December 2022 and January 2023, 180 kindergartens in the Hainan province-encompassing 4,886 newly enrolled children as participants-were selected.

Vitamin D Deficiency and Associated Factors in Children: A Multicenter Study of 21,811 Samples in Southern China.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in children/adolescents in extreme southern China.

Methods: This multicenter, cross-sectional study included 21,811 children aged 0-18 years from 18 districts in Hainan Province, using a multistage stratified random sampling method from January 2021 to March 2022.

Results: Serum 25(OH)D levels decreased with age (p trend <0.

Strategic Integration of Machine Learning in the Design of Excellent Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells.

The photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskites remains beneath the Shockley-Queisser limit, despite its significant potential for solar cell applications. The present focus is on investigating potential multicomponent perovskite candidates, particularly on the application of machine learning to expedite band gap screening. To efficiently identify high-performance perovskites, we utilized a data set of 1346 hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites and employed 11 machine learning models, including decision trees, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), and graph neural networks (GNNs).

Vacancy-Activated B-Doping for Efficient 2e Oxygen Reduction through Suppressing HO Decomposition at High Overpotential.

The production of hydrogen peroxide (HO) through two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e ORR) has emerged as a more environmentally friendly alternative to the traditional anthraquinone method. Although oxidized carbon catalysts have intensive developed due to their high selectivity and activity, the yield and conversion rate of HO under high overpotential still limited. The produced HO was rapidly consumed by the increased intensity of HO reduction, which could ascribe to decomposition of peroxide radicals under high voltage in the carbon catalyst.