Loss of Cpt1a results in elevated glucose-fueled mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and defective hematopoietic stem cells.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) rely on self-renewal to sustain stem cell potential and undergo differentiation to generate mature blood cells. Mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) is essential for HSC maintenance. However, the role of Carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1a (CPT1A), a key enzyme in FAO, remains unclear in HSCs.

The RNA N-Methyladenosine MethylomeCoordinates Long Non-Coding RNAs to MediateCancer Drug Resistance by Activating PI3KSignaling.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and RNA N6-methyladenosine (mA) have been linked to leukemia drug resistance. However, whether and how lncRNAs and mA coordinately regulate resistance remain elusive. Here, we show that many differentially expressed lncRNAs enrich mA, and more lncRNAs tend to have higher mA content in CML cells resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).

Regulating tumor cells to awaken T cell antitumor function and enhance melanoma immunotherapy.

Tumor cells transmit various immunosuppressive signals and induce a dysfunctional state in T cells, which essentially leads to immune escape and tumor progression. However, developing effective strategies to counteract the domestication of T cells by tumor cells remains a challenge. Here, we prepared pH-responsive lipid nanoparticles (NL/PLDs) co-loaded with PCSK9 shRNA, lonidamine (LND), and low-dose doxorubicin (DOX).

Engineered virus-mimicking nanovaccine with lymph node-tumor dual-targeting and STING-activating capacity for robust cancer immunotherapy.

Cancer vaccines have garnered considerable interest for cancer immunotherapy. However, their effectiveness is limited by inadequate proliferation, activation, and tumor infiltration of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Inspired by the potent immunostimulatory properties of viral components and the exposure of calreticulin during immunogenic cell death (ICD) triggered by viral infections; in this study, we describe cGAMP@vEVs, a virus-mimicking nanovaccine strategy by engineering tumor cell-derived extracellular vesicles through virus infection, which co-load both personalized and broad antigen repertoire as well as multiple immune adjuvants to potently elicit antitumor immunity.

Stochastic resonance noise modified decision solution for binary hypothesis-testing under minimax criterion.

In this paper, on the premise that the prior probability is unknown, a noise enhanced binary hypothesis-testing is investigated under the Minimax criterion for a general nonlinear system. Firstly, for lowering the decision risk, an additive noise is intentionally injected to the input and a decision is made under Minimax criterion based on the noise modified output. Then an optimization problem for minimizing the maximum of Bayesian conditional risk under an equality constraint is formulated via analyzing the relationship between the additive noise and the optimal noise modified Minimax decision rule.

Towards large-scale programmable silicon photonic chip for signal processing.

Optical signal processing has been playing a crucial part as powerful engine for various information systems in the practical applications. In particular, achieving large-scale programmable chips for signal processing are highly desirable for high flexibility, low cost and powerful processing. Silicon photonics, which has been developed successfully in the past decade, provides a promising option due to its unique advantages.

Osteoinduction and Osteoconduction Evaluation of Biodegradable Magnesium Alloy Scaffolds in Repairing Large Segmental Defects in Long Bones of Rabbit Models.

Magnesium (Mg) alloy scaffolds demonstrate promising potential for clinical applications in the repair of segmental bone defects. However, the specific mechanisms of osteoconduction and osteoinduction facilitated by these scaffolds themselves during the bone reconstruction process remain inadequately defined. This investigation systematically assesses the properties of MAO-coated Mg base implants both in vitro and in vivo.

[Clinical diagnostic study of Ramp lesion of medial meniscus based on knee MRI at 90° flexed position].

Objective: To evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of knee MRI at 90° flexed position for Ramp lesions of medial meniscus.

Methods: A total of 228 patients with knee pain as the main complaint who were admitted between September 2021 and September 2023 was selected as the research subjects, of which 51 patients met the selection criteria and were enrolled in the study. There were 31 males and 20 females with an average age of 38.

Jingfang Granules alleviates OVA-induced allergic rhinitis through regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Jingfang Granules (JF) is a modified herbal compound preparation that is empirically used in clinical practice for the treatment of allergic diseases. Nevertheless, the role of JF in allergic rhinitis (AR) has yet to be demonstrated, and its potential mechanisms of action remain to be fully evaluated.

Aim Of Study: The objective of this research is to examine the underlying mechanisms by which JF can be used to treat AR.

B cell-intrinsic IFN-γ promotes excessive CD11c age-associated B cell differentiation and compromised germinal center selection in lupus mice.

CD11c age-associated B cells (ABCs) have emerged as a key component in protective and autoreactive B cell responses. Lupus is an autoimmune disorder linked to reduced efficacy of vaccines and increased susceptibility to infections. Previously, we reported that excessive CD11c ABCs not only significantly contribute to autoantibody production but also promote aberrant T cell activation and compromised affinity-based germinal center selection in response to immunization in lupus mice.

Accelerated Reversible Conversion of LiS to LiS by Spidroin Regulated Li Flux for High-performance Li-Sulfur Batteries.

Regulating the transformation of sulfur species is the key to improving the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, in particular, to accelerate the reversible conversion between solid phase LiS and LiS. Herein, we introduced Spidroin, which is a main protein in spider silk, as a dual functional separator coating in Li-S batteries to effectively adsorb polysulfides via the sequence of amino acids in its primary structure and regulate Li flux through the β-sheet of its secondary structure, thus accelerating the reversible transformation between LiS and LiS. Spidroin-based Li-S cells exhibited an exceptional electrochemical performance with a high specific capacity of 744.

Glypican-3-targeted macrophages delivering drug-loaded exosomes offer efficient cytotherapy in mouse models of solid tumours.

Cytotherapy is a strategy to deliver modified cells to a diseased tissue, but targeting solid tumours remains challenging. Here we design macrophages, harbouring a surface glypican-3-targeting peptide and carrying a cargo to combat solid tumours. The anchored targeting peptide facilitates tumour cell recognition by the engineered macrophages, thus enhancing specific targeting and phagocytosis of tumour cells expressing glypican-3.

Molecular interactions of the chaperone CcmS and carboxysome shell protein CcmK1 that mediate β-carboxysome assembly.

The carboxysome is a natural proteinaceous organelle for carbon fixation in cyanobacteria and chemoautotrophs. It comprises hundreds of protein homologs that self-assemble to form a polyhedral shell structure to sequester cargo enzymes, ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), and carbonic anhydrases. How these protein components assemble to construct a functional carboxysome is a central question in not only understanding carboxysome structure and function but also synthetic engineering of carboxysomes for biotechnological applications.

Interaction of the intestinal cytokines-JAKs-STAT3 and 5 axes with RNA N6-methyladenosine to promote chronic inflammation-induced colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers, with a high mortality rate worldwide. Mounting evidence indicates that mRNA modifications are crucial in RNA metabolism, transcription, processing, splicing, degradation, and translation. Studies show that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is mammalians' most common epi-transcriptomic modification.

Genomic analysis of Alteromonas sp. M12 isolated from the Mariana Trench reveals its role in dimethylsulfoniopropionate cycling.

Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) is a ubiquitous organosulfur molecule in marine environments with important roles in stress tolerance, global carbon and sulfur cycling, and chemotaxis. It is the main precursor of the climate active gas dimethyl sulfide (DMS), which is the greatest natural source of bio‑sulfur transferred from ocean to atmosphere. Alteromonas sp.

Association of the dietary inflammation index DII with the prevalence of chronic kidney disease in patients with hypertension.

Background And Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health concern that is frequently associated with hypertension. Inflammation is an important factor in the development of both illnesses. The Dietary Inflammation Index (DII) has evolved as a way to measure how much a diet can cause inflammation, which may impact CKD, especially in hypertensive persons.