[Characterizations of soil enzyme activities and stoichiometry in three subtropical forest stands].

We conducted in a common garden experiment to explore the differences in soil enzyme activity, stoichiometry, and their influencing factors among a secondary forest, 10-year-old plantation, and plantation. The results showed that compared to the secondary forest, the soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, and dissolved organic carbon significantly decreased by 42.6%, 47.

Defect effects on the electronic, valley, and magnetic properties of the two-dimensional ferrovalley material VSiN.

Due to their novel spin and valley properties, two-dimensional (2D) ferrovalley materials are expected to be promising candidates for next-generation spintronic and valleytronic devices. However, they are subject to various defects in practical applications. Therefore, the electronic, valley, and magnetic properties may be modified in the presence of the defects.

Halogenated aromatic pollutants in routine animal-derived food of south China: Occurrence, sources, and dietary intake risks.

Halogenated aromatic pollutants (HAPs) including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PBDD/Fs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) exhibit diverse toxicities and bio-accumulation in animals, thereby imposing risks on human via animal-derived food (ADF) consumption. Here we examined these HAPs in routine ADFs from South China and observed that PBDEs and PCBs showed statistically higher concentrations than PCDD/Fs and PBDD/Fs. PCDD/Fs and PCBs in these ADFs were mainly from the polluted feed and habitat of animals, except PCDD/Fs in egg, which additionally underwent selective biotransformation/progeny transfer after the maternal intake of PCDD/F-polluted stuff.

Effects of forest regeneration types on phosphorus fractions of soil aggregates in subtropical forest.

Soil aggregates are important for the storage and availability of phosphorus in the soil. However, how forest regeneration types affect phosphorus fractions of soil aggregates remains unclear. In this study, we examined the composition of aggregate particle size, phosphorus fractions, phosphorus sorption capacity index (P), legacy phosphorus index (P) and degree of phosphorus saturation by Mehlich 3 (DPS) in bulk soils and soil aggregates of secondary forest (slight disturbance), human-assisted regeneration forest (moderate disturbance), and plantation (severe disturbance), aiming to explore the impact of forest regeneration types on phosphorus availability and supply potential of bulk soils and soil aggregates.

[Response of soil microbial necromass carbon to litter and root carbon inputs in a mid-subtropical plantation].

Microbial necromass carbon (MNC) is a crucial source for stable soil carbon pool, and understanding its response to carbon inputs from both aboveground (litter) and belowground (roots) in subtropical forest soils is essential for assessing soil carbon stocks in global ecosystems. In a plantation at the Sanming Forest Ecosystem National Observation and Research Station in Fujian Province, we conducted an experiment with five treatments, including root removal (NR), aboveground litter removal (NL), no litter input (removals of both aboveground litter and roots, NI), double aboveground litter addition (DL), and control (CK). After seven years, we collected soil samples in the 0-10 cm soil layer to examine changes in MNC content and its contribution to soil organic carbon (SOC).

Tunable polarization properties of charge, spin, and valley in Janus VSiGeZ (Z = N, P, As) monolayers.

Polarization, as an important characterization of the symmetry breaking systems, has attracted tremendous attention in two-dimensional (2D) materials. Due to their significant symmetry breaking, Janus 2D ferrovalley materials provide a desirable platform to investigate the charge, spin, and valley polarization, as well as their coupling effects. Herein, using first-principles calculations, the polarization properties of charge, spin, and valley in Janus VSiGeZ (Z = N, P, and As) monolayers are systematically studied.

Exploration in the Mechanism of Ginsenoside Rg5 for the Treatment of Osteosarcoma by Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking.

Objective: Osteosarcoma is a primary malignancy originating from mesenchymal tissue characterized by rapid growth, early metastasis and poor prognosis. Ginsenoside Rg5 (G-Rg5) is a minor ginsenoside extracted from Panax ginseng C.A.

Organophosphate esters (OPEs) in a heavily polluted river in South China: Occurrence, spatiotemporal trends, sources, and phase distribution.

In the past decade, organophosphate esters (OPEs) undergo rapid increase in production and use. Meanwhile, owing to their additive property, OPEs exhibit liability to escape from related products and therefore ubiquity in various environments. Moreover, numerous researches verify their bioavailability and negative effects on biota and human, hence their occurrence and associated risks have caught much concern, particularly those in aquatic systems.

Occurrence and carcinogenic potential of airborne PBDD/Fs and PCDD/Fs around a large-scale municipal solid waste incinerator: A long-term passive air sampling study.

Municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) not only is deemed one of the uppermost sources of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs), but also produces substantial amount of polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PBDD/Fs) owing to the existence of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) in the waste. So far, however, PBDD/Fs in the vicinal environments of MSWI and their associated risks remain rarely studied. Based on a one-year passive air sampling (PAS) scheme, we investigated airborne PBDD/Fs and PCDD/Fs around a large-scale MSWI that has been operated for multi-years.

Tuning of the electronic and photocatalytic properties of Janus WSiGeZ (Z = N, P, and As) monolayers strain engineering.

Recently, MAZ materials have received tremendous attention due to their amazing electronic, spintronic, and optoelectronic properties. In this work, we propose a class of 2D Janus materials WSiGeZ (Z = N, P, and As). It was found that their electronic and photocatalytic properties are sensitive to the change of the Z element.

Pharmacological Effects of Resveratrol in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: A Literature Review.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a high incidence disease of musculoskeletal system that often leads to stenosis, instability, pain and even deformity of the spinal segments. IDD is an important cause of discogenic lower back pain and often leads to large economic burden to families and society. Currently, the treatment of IDD is aimed at alleviating symptoms rather than blocking or reversing pathological progression of the damaged intervertebral disc.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and phosphorus supply accelerate main medicinal component production of .

The medicinal plant Sieb. Et Zucc is rich in stilbenes (e.g.

[Optimization for the determination of phenol oxidase activity in subtropical forest soils developed on sandstone].

Phenol oxidase plays an important role in the degradation of soil organic matter. There was no standard method to determine soil phenol oxidase activity. To fill such knowledge gap, we investigated the effects of substrate type, pH, soil storage conditions, storage time, substrate concentration, water-soil ratio, incubation time and incubation temperature on soil phenol oxidase activity in three different subtropical forest soils developed on sandstone.

Exosomes from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells alleviate sepsis-induced lung injury in mice by inhibiting the secretion of IL-27 in macrophages.

Acute lung injury (ALI) represents a frequent sepsis-induced inflammatory disorder. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) elicit anti-inflammatory effects in sepsis. This study investigated the mechanism of exosomes from adipose-derived MSCs (ADMSCs) in sepsis-induced ALI.

Insight into the pharmacological effects of andrographolide in musculoskeletal disorders.

Andrographis paniculata (A. paniculata) is a traditional herbal medicine that has been widely used in Asian countries for hundreds of years. Andrographolide (AG) is a diterpene lactone extracted from A.

Mechanisms and Clinical Trials of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Immunotherapy.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), one of the most common and lethal tumors worldwide, is usually not diagnosed until the disease is advanced, which results in ineffective intervention and unfavorable prognosis. Small molecule targeted drugs of HCC, such as sorafenib, provided only about 2.8 months of survival benefit, partially due to cancer stem cell resistance.

Pharmacological activities of ginsenoside Rg5 (Review).

Ginseng, a perennial plant belonging to genus , has been widely used in traditional herbal medicine in East Asia and North America. Ginsenosides are the most important pharmacological component of ginseng. Variabilities in attached positions, inner and outer residues and types of sugar moieties may be associated with the specific pharmacological activities of each ginsenoside.

Cell‑cell fusion as an important mechanism of tumor metastasis (Review).

Cell‑cell fusion is a dynamic biological phenomenon, which plays an important role in various physiological processes, such as tissue regeneration. Similarly, normal cells, particularly bone marrow‑derived cells (BMDCs), may attempt to fuse with cancer cells to rescue them. The rescue may fail, but the fused cells end up gaining the motility traits of BMDCs and become metastatic due to the resulting genomic instability.

[Long-term Storage and Rapid Activity Recovery of ANAMMOX Granular Sludge].

At 4℃ and with no substrate, the activity recovery of ANAMMOX granular sludge was examined after 230 days of storage, and the effect of adding two organic carbon sources (glucose and sodium propionate) on the recovery was explored. After 230 days of long-term storage, the activity of ANAMMOX bacteria was 0.013 g·(g·d), which was just 6.

Strain-dependent optical properties of the novel monolayer group-IV dichalcogenides SiSsemiconductor: a first-principles study.

We studied the structural, electronic, and optical characters of SiS, a new type of group IV-VI two-dimensional semiconductor, in this article. We focused on monolayer SiSand its characteristic changes when different strains are applied on it. Results reveal that the monolayer SiSis dynamically stable when no strain is applied.

[Characteristics of phosphorus fractions and their driving factors in forest soils with different parent materials in the mid-subtropics, China].

With the aim to understand the influence degree and mechanism of parent material and forest type on soil phosphorus component, we analyzed soil P fractions, iron and aluminum oxides, microbial biomass, and phosphatase activity in and forest soils developed from two types of parent materials, sandstone and granite, in Sanming, Fujian Province. The results showed that both parent material and forest type significantly affected the contents of different P fractions. The contents of total P, labile inorganic/organic P, moderately labile inorganic/organic P, and non-labile P from sandstone-developed soils were significantly higher than those from granite-developed soils.