Domain adaptation in small-scale and heterogeneous biological datasets.

Machine-learning models are key to modern biology, yet models trained on one dataset are often not generalizable to other datasets from different cohorts or laboratories due to both technical and biological differences. Domain adaptation, a type of transfer learning, alleviates this problem by aligning different datasets so that models can be applied across them. However, most state-of-the-art domain adaptation methods were designed for large-scale data such as images, whereas biological datasets are smaller and have more features, and these are also complex and heterogeneous.

Polyploidy in Xenopus lowers metabolic rate by decreasing total cell surface area.

Although polyploidization is frequent in development, cancer, and evolution, impacts on animal metabolism are poorly understood. In Xenopus frogs, the number of genome copies (ploidy) varies across species and can be manipulated within a species. Here, we show that triploid tadpoles contain fewer, larger cells than diploids and consume oxygen at a lower rate.

Composition and functional properties of hemp seed protein isolates from various hemp cultivars.

Hemp seed protein isolates (HPI) were extracted from seven commercial hemp cultivars, a Cornell breeding line, and a commercial hemp heart product, and their composition and functional properties were investigated. HPI contained different ratios of edestin, vicilin, and albumin proteins, which affected protein solubility and functionality. Higher protein solubility was associated with cultivars that contained more vicilin and albumin, which influenced the subsequent functional properties of HPI.

Preterm birth is associated with xenobiotics and predicted by the vaginal metabolome.

Spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) is a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, yet its prevention and early risk stratification are limited. Previous investigations have suggested that vaginal microbes and metabolites may be implicated in sPTB. Here we performed untargeted metabolomics on 232 second-trimester vaginal samples, 80 from pregnancies ending preterm.

How to Achieve Swift Resilience: the Role of Digital Innovation Enabled Mindfulness.

Contributed to by the prevalence of digital technology, various cases of new ventures achieve resilience quickly despite experiencing hardship. Growing attention has been devoted to mindfulness-being alert and acting swiftly-to explain recovery. Scholars have primarily focused on mindful resource preparation pre-crisis.

Redefining "masstige" luxury consumption in the post-COVID era.

The concept of "new luxury" has challenged the conventional marketing of luxury goods as prestigious, leading to greater expansion of mass luxury meaning. This has become more evident since the outbreak of COVID-19, which has been a catalyst for consumption in the luxury market. This paper investigates the mass marketing of luxury goods and explores the essence of masstige luxury consumption since the outbreak of COVID-19.

Compilation and Analysis of Web-Based Orthopedic Personalized Predictive Tools: A Scoping Review.

Web-based personalized predictive tools in orthopedic surgery are becoming more widely available. Despite rising numbers of these tools, many orthopedic surgeons may not know what tools are available, how these tools were developed, and how they can be utilized. The aim of this scoping review is to compile and synthesize the profile of existing web-based orthopedic tools.

Effect of ambient air quality on exacerbation of COPD in patients and its potential mechanism.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease of continuous progress and environmental factors may affect the progress. COPD patients' activity tolerance and quality of life are associated with air quality. COPD exacerbation from the perspective of geographical air quality has not been reported.

Pleiotropic Anti-atherosclerotic Effects of PCSK9 InhibitorsFrom Molecular Biology to Clinical Translation.

Purpose Of Review: Clinical trials with PCSK9 inhibitors have shown a robust decrease in plasma LDL levels and a significant reduction in the incidence of cardiovascular atherosclerotic events. However, the role of PCSK9 in atherosclerosis is not well investigated and it remains unclear whether PCSK9 inhibition has direct, LDL-independent, anti-atherosclerotic effects. This review outlines the molecular pathways and targets of PCSK9 in atherosclerosis and summarizes the experimental and clinical data supporting the anti-atherosclerotic (pleiotropic) actions of PCSK9 inhibitors.

Recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide attenuates LPS-induced cellular injury in human fetal lung fibroblasts via inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB pathway activation.

Inflammatory responses are vital in lung injury diseases, particularly acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rhBNP) has been shown to exhibit anti‑inflammatory effects in vivo in our previous studies. The present study aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the anti‑inflammatory effects of rhBNP on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced human fetal lung fibroblasts (HFL-1).

Recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide attenuates trauma-/haemorrhagic shock-induced acute lung injury through inhibiting oxidative stress and the NF-κB-dependent inflammatory/MMP-9 pathway.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is one of the most serious complications in traumatic patients and is an important part of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rhBNP) is a peptide with a wide range of biological activity. In this study, we investigated local changes in oxidative stress and the NF-κB-dependent matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) pathway in rats with trauma/haemorrhagic shock (TH/S)-induced ALI and evaluated the effects of pretreatment with rhBNP.

Recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide ameliorates trauma-induced acute lung injury via inhibiting JAK/STAT signaling pathway in rats.

Background: JAK/STAT signal pathway plays an important role in the inflammation process of acute lung injury (ALI). This study aimed to investigate the correlation between recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rhBNP) and the JAK/STAT signaling pathway and to explore the protective mechanism of rhBNP against trauma-induced ALI.

Methods: The arterial partial pressure in oxygen, lung wet-dry weight ratios, protein content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the histopathologic of the lung, as well as the protein expressions of STAT1, JAK2, and STAT3 were detected.